Top 10 plans for Saudi Arabia’s $1 trillion capital
27 July 2023

> This package also includes: Saudi Arabia plans $1 trillion capital
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1. New Murabba
In early 2023, Saudi Arabia’s Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman bin Abdulaziz al-Saud launched New Murabba Development Company (NMDC) to develop the world’s largest modern downtown in Riyadh.
Located to the northwest of the capital, the development will cover an area of 19 square kilometres. It will feature more than 104,000 residential units, 9,000 hotel rooms and over 980,000 square metres of retail space.
The centrepiece will be the Mukaab, a 400 cubic-metre structure that will be the world’s first immersive destination, featuring digital and virtual technology. The Mukaab will include a tower atop a spiral base.
The estimated project cost is more than $50bn and it is scheduled for completion by 2030.
Contractors win New Murabba early works deals

UK consultancy firm Atkins is working on the New Murabba project in Riyadh, which includes the 400-metre-cubed, Najdi-inspired Mukaab building. Another UK firm, Buro Happold, is working with Atkins on the project
2. Diriyah Gate
Announced in 2019, the Diriyah Gate project spans 7.1 million sq m to the northwest of Riyadh. The masterplan includes the three-phased development of several areas in Diriyah, including Wadi Safar, Wadi Hanifah Park, Bujairi District, Arts District, Samhan District and Diriyah Square.
Projects worth $12.6bn are in execution at Diriyah Gate, according to regional projects tracker MEED Projects, while $9.5bn-worth of schemes are in design and tendering stages.

Artist's rendition of Diriyah Gate’s King Salman Square, one of the meeting places planned for the 7.1 million square-metre development
3. King Salman Park
King Salman Park is being built on more than 16 sq km and will become the world’s largest urban park. The project was officially announced in 2019 and is split into three phases.
Saudi-based Modern Building Leaders is building the SR7.5bn ($2bn) Royal Art Complex. A joint venture of Freyssinet Saudi Arabia and the local Haif Company is carrying out the infrastructure works. Freyssinet is also delivering the main works package for the visitors’ centre at the park, and Saudi-based E A Juffali & Brothers is providing mechanical, electrical and plumbing services.
At King Salman Park, projects worth more than $5bn are in execution, while projects under design and tender are valued at about $2.7bn.
Contractors win $2.5bn of work at King Salman Park

Covering an area of 16.9 sq km, King Salman Park is located to the south of King Abdullah Road, to the north of Makkah al-Mukkarramah Road and to the west of the Eastern Ring Road. The east of the site has a military airbase with two runways
4. Sports Boulevard
Riyadh Sports Boulevard was unveiled in March 2019 by King Salman bin Abdulaziz al-Saud. The development will span 135km on Prince Mohammed bin Salman bin Abdulaziz Road.
The project will be split into eight zones and features the development of 50 sports facilities, arts and recreational facilities, and green and open spaces spanning 4.4 million sq m. As of March 2023, $3.1bn-worth of projects had been awarded.
In early 2023, the local Almabani secured a $2bn contract for the construction of five packages of the project.
Sports Boulevard Foundation invited firms to submit bids in early August for a contract to provide project management consultancy services for schemes that include several iconic buildings at Sports Boulevard.

Sports Boulevard runs across Riyadh from east to west. Once complete, it will be the world’s longest park at over 135km
5. Seven
Saudi Entertainment Ventures (Seven), a wholly owned subsidiary of the Public Investment Fund (PIF), began construction on the first of its two entertainment districts in Riyadh in January 2022. Named Exit 10, the project is being executed by Indian contractor Shapoorji Pallonji, which secured a deal worth more than $370m.
Exit 10 is at the most advanced stage of construction out of the 21 planned entertainment complexes in 14 cities across the kingdom.
A second entertainment district, Exit 15, is under construction in the Al-Nahdah area of Riyadh. The contractor on the scheme is Consolidated Contractors Company, and US-based Aecom is the consultant. The project is expected to be completed by the end of 2025.
6. Misk Nonprofit City
Mohammed bin Salman Nonprofit City (Misk) is a masterplanned development covering 3.4 sq km in Riyadh. It includes commercial, educational, cultural, exhibition, hospitality, residential and retail spaces located in different zones.
In November 2021, Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman announced that the Misk Foundation development will be the world’s first non-profit city.
The consultants working on the project include Germany’s Albert Speer + Partner as masterplanner and architect, and UK-based Buro Happold as engineer. The project manager for the first phase of construction is UK-based Mace.
7. King Salman International airport
The development of King Salman International airport was announced in November 2022 by Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman. The project is backed by PIF and will span an area of about 57 sq km.
The airport is expected to be one of the world’s largest, and will be powered by renewable energy.
It aims to accommodate 120 million passengers by 2030 and 185 million passengers by 2050, with the capacity to process 3.5 million tonnes of cargo.
The airport will have six parallel runways and will include the existing terminals at King Khalid International airport.

If completed on time in 2030, King Salman International airport will become the world’s largest airport in terms of passenger capacity
8. Roshn
Launched by PIF, Roshn is an initiative by the government to promote real estate sector activity in the kingdom and increase homeownership rates among Saudi citizens to 70 per cent by 2030.
Roshn is developing the Sedra community in northeast Riyadh, which is masterplanned to include 30,000 homes. Construction work is ongoing on packages from phases one and two.
Warefa is Roshn’s second community project. Located in the Al-Janadriyah district of Riyadh, it was announced in March 2023. The project will cover 1.4 million sq m and have more than 2,000 housing units.

Public Investment Fund-backed Roshn has integrated power-saving technologies and adopted water treatment and reuse across the communities it is developing in the kingdom
9. NHC Housing schemes
National Housing Company (NHC) is the investment arm of the Municipal, Rural Affairs & Housing Ministry in the residential and commercial real estate sectors. Its main suburban developments in Riyadh are Khuzam and Al-Fursan.
According to data from MEED Projects, packages worth over $784m are under execution in Khuzam.
In February, NHC announced the second phase, spanning more than 21 million sq m and including 30,000 homes.
NHC and Saudi Arabia’s Housing Ministry have also signed investment agreements totalling more than SR24bn ($6.4bn) to launch the Al-Fursan suburb in northeast Riyadh.
It is the largest scheme in terms of the area and the number of housing units that NHC is implementing in partnership with Saudi real estate developers. Delivery of the first batch of homes is set for 2026.
10. North Pole
PIF is planning a 2km megatall tower as part of an 18 sq km masterplanned development to the north of Riyadh.
The proposed tower will be more than double the height of the world’s tallest building, Dubai’s Burj Khalifa, which is 828 metres tall. The project could cost about $5bn to construct.
Several international architecture firms have been invited to participate in a design competition for the project. UK-headquartered EY conducted the feasibility study for the development.
Gigaproject seeks firms for Riyadh rail link
Qiddiya has sought consultants for its Q-Express rail link that will connect the entertainment city with King Salman airport

Main image credit: Riyadh Expo 2030
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Executive briefing: US-Israel-Iran conflict6 March 2026
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Drawing on regional data and analysis, the briefing explores the drivers behind the escalation, the scale of attacks across GCC states, and the possible short- and long-term implications for energy markets, shipping, aviation and regional investment.
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Kuwait extends bid deadline for Al-Khairan phase one IWPP6 March 2026

Kuwait has extended bidding for the first phase of the Al-Khairan independent water and power producer (IWPP) project.
The project is being procured by the Kuwait Authority for Partnership Projects (Kapp) and the Ministry of Electricity, Water & Renewable Energy (MEWRE).
The facility will have a capacity of 1,800MW and 33 million imperial gallons a day (MIGD) of desalinated water.
It will be located at Al-Khairan, adjacent to the Al-Zour South thermal plant.
The new deadline is 30 April.
The main contract was tendered last September, and the deadline had already been extended once, most recently until 4 March.
Three consortiums and two individual companies were previously prequalified to participate.
These include:
- Abu Dhabi National Energy Company (Taqa) / A H Al-Sagar & Brothers (Saudi Arabia) / Jera (Japan)
- Acwa (Saudi Arabia) / Gulf Investment Corporation (Kuwait)
- China Power / Malakoff International (Malaysia) / Abdul Aziz Al-Ajlan Sons (Saudi Arabia)
- Nebras Power (Qatar)
- Sumitomo Corporation (Japan)
The Al-Khairan IWPP project is part of Kuwait’s long-term plan to expand power and water production capacity through public-private partnerships (PPPs).
The winning bidder will sign a set of PPP agreements covering financing, design, construction, operation and transfer of the project.
The energy conversion and water purchase agreement is expected to cover a 25-year supply period.
Kapp extended another deadline recently for a contract to develop zone two of the third phase of the Al-Dibdibah power and Al-Shagaya renewable energy project.
The PPP authority is procuring the 500MW solar photovoltaic independent power project (IPP) in partnership with the ministry.
The bid submission deadline was moved to the end of April, a source close to the project told MEED.
According to the MEWRE, the total generation capacity currently offered under partnership projects has reached 6,100MW, equivalent to about 30% of Kuwait’s existing power capacity.
The ministry and Kapp are also preparing to tender the main contract for the 3,600MW Nuwaiseeb power and water desalination plant after plans were approved by Kuwait’s Council of Ministers last November.
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UAE utilities say services stable amid tensions6 March 2026
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Abu Dhabi National Energy Company (Taqa) and Etihad Water & Electricity (EtihadWE) have confirmed that water and electricity services in the UAE are operating normally amid ongoing regional tensions.
In a statement, Taqa said it had activated its risk management frameworks and “power generation, water desalination, transmission, distribution and wastewater services are operating safely and without interruption”.
According to Etihad WE, services are being delivered with “approved response plans” and “precautionary operational procedures” amid the current regional circumstances.
Taqa is one of the UAE’s largest integrated utilities, with assets including the Taweelah B independent power and water (IWPP) plant and the 2,400MW Fujairah F3 combined-cycle power plant.
EtihadWE operates electricity and water distribution networks across the Northern Emirates, supplying more than two million residents.
Iran’s recent missile attacks on energy infrastructure across the GCC in retaliation for US-Israel attacks have drawn renewed attention to the importance of the region’s utilities sector.
While power and water assets have largely avoided damage, there have been some incidents affecting broader energy infrastructure.
Saudi Aramco had shut down its Ras Tanura refinery following a drone strike, while US cloud provider Amazon Web Services reported service outages after incidents at two data centres in the UAE.
In January, Taqa and Etihad won a contract alongside France’s Saur to develop and operate a major wastewater treatment plant in the UAE’s northern emirate of Ras Al-Khaimah.
The Rakwa wastewater infrastructure project is RAK’s first public-private partnership for a sewage treatment plant.
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Drawn-out conflict may shift planning priorities6 March 2026
Commentary
Mark Dowdall
Power & water editorAcross the GCC, power and water networks have largely been planned around steadily rising consumption, driven by population growth and cooling demand.
A drawn-out conflict in the region may begin to change how planners think about these systems – particularly how they can keep operating if parts of the network are disrupted.
On Thursday, Iran’s Energy Minister Abbas Aliabadi said that US-Israeli attacks had damaged water and electricity supply facilities in several parts of the country, while urging the public to be careful with water and electricity consumption.
So far, major power and water infrastructure in the GCC has largely avoided damage. In the case of desalination, plants of this scale supply drinking water to millions of people, so striking them would immediately affect civilian populations and represent a significant escalation.
There is also an element of mutual vulnerability. Iran relies on its own electricity and water infrastructure, and Aliabadi’s comments this week suggest those systems are already under pressure. Targeting desalination plants in the GCC could invite similar disruptions at home.
However, if infrastructure disruption becomes a recurring risk in the region, the question may gradually shift from how to produce more water and electricity to how to reduce immediate reliance on continuous supply.
Some elements of that thinking are already visible in the project pipeline. In Saudi Arabia, for example, total reservoir storage capacity has reached about 25.1 million cubic metres, with roughly 44% located in the Mecca region and 31% in Riyadh. This provides a buffer that can sustain supply temporarily if desalination production is disrupted.
Additionally, the kingdom has about $8bn-worth of water storage projects in early study or feed stages. As regional tensions persist, schemes like this may move higher up the priority list.
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US oil companies to profit while Middle East exports are curtailed6 March 2026
While the oil and gas operations of the Middle East’s biggest producers are being dramatically curtailed by the conflict sparked by the US and Israel’s attack on Iran, US producers are likely to see windfall profits.
So far, the list of oil and gas assets in the Mena region disrupted by the conflict is long and includes facilities in all GCC nations, as well as Iraq and Iran itself.
In addition to oil fields and refineries that have been shut – either due to direct Iranian attacks or concerns over further strikes – about 20 million barrels a day (b/d) of production has been removed from the global market by the effective closure of the Strait of Hormuz.
Oil price
The disruption to global oil and gas supplies caused by the Iran conflict has pushed oil prices up by around 15%, with Brent briefly rising above $85 a barrel on 3 March – its highest level since July 2024.
This has boosted investor optimism about the outlook for US oil companies.
Texas-headquartered ExxonMobil made $56bn in profit in 2022 after Russia’s invasion of Ukraine created a sustained period of higher oil prices. It was a record year for the company, and it could see a similar bump this year if oil prices remain high.
Shale response
US shale producers are ramping up production to capitalise on higher oil prices, according to the Paris-based International Energy Agency (IEA).
Recently drilled shale wells could add around 240,000 b/d of supply in May, and an additional 400,000 b/d could be added in the second half of the year, according to an IEA document cited by the Financial Times.
Gas impact
The impact of the Iran conflict on liquefied natural gas (LNG) prices has been even more pronounced than on oil, with several gas benchmarks hitting multi-year highs.
The Dutch Title Transfer Facility rose by 55%, reaching its highest level since fuel markets spiked after Russia’s 2022 invasion of Ukraine.
One of the key factors driving prices higher was Qatar – the world’s second-biggest LNG producer – halting exports on 2 March after Iranian attacks on several facilities.
Qatar is expected to take at least several weeks to restart exports from its liquefaction terminals.
Not only will time be required to ensure the export route through the Strait of Hormuz is secure, but restarting LNG export terminals is also a gradual process. They require a slow restart to avoid damaging cryogenic equipment, which cools natural gas to around -160°C.
In addition, LNG trains must be brought back online sequentially; Qatar’s Ras Laffan hub has 14 trains.
US advantage
While the world’s second-biggest LNG producer is likely to be offline for some time, the US – the world’s biggest LNG producer – is already operating near full capacity and is benefiting from the higher-price environment.
Cheniere and Venture Global, the two biggest US LNG producers, have both seen their share prices rise amid the conflict.
Cheniere shares are up 18% since the start of February, while Venture Global’s share price has risen 12% over the same period.
The scale of additional revenues earned by US companies – and the revenue losses suffered in the Middle East’s oil and gas sector – will largely depend on how long the disruption linked to the Iran conflict continues.
If the disruption persists and significant long-term damage is done to Middle East oil and gas infrastructure, US-based oil and gas companies could record another year of record profits.
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