Neom Green Hydrogen mulls next phase
23 November 2023

Neom Green Hydrogen Company (NGHC) received the first set of wind turbines for one of the two renewable energy plants that will power its integrated green hydrogen and ammonia production facility in early October.
The initial panels for the project’s solar power plant and hydrogen storage tanks are expected to arrive soon. The first air separation units, meanwhile, will be delivered in the first quarter of 2024.
“We are on track to meet our 2026 target commercial operation date, with the first ammonia production expected sometime between mid to late summer of 2026,” David Edmondson, CEO of NGHC (pictured), tells MEED.
Announced in the summer of 2020, the region’s first, and probably the world’s largest, green hydrogen and ammonia production facility reached financial close in May this year. The project required a final investment of $8.4bn.
“The decision to develop the project was made in 2019 in the strong belief that there would be a market for green hydrogen,” explains Edmondson.
“Having Air Products was certainly a major factor in that decision because of their hydrogen knowledge and experience. They already have an existing infrastructure for the production and distribution of hydrogen, including for mobility.”
The US-headquartered industrial gases firm, Saudi utility developer and investor Acwa Power and Public Investment Fund-backed Neom equally own NGHC.
The scale of the integrated project is unprecedented. It will require over 4GW of wind and solar power and 400MW of battery energy storage systems. A 190-kilometre electricity transmission grid will link these to a 2GW electrolysis plant in Neom’s Oxagon industrial city.
The plant will produce up to 600 tonnes of hydrogen daily, which will be converted into roughly 1.2 million tonnes of ammonia a year. Air Products will ship the ammonia to Europe to be cracked back to hydrogen for mobility applications.
Despite some pushback on the business model's efficiency and the feasibility of green hydrogen applications in transport and mobility, Edmondson assures MEED that years of due diligence and compliance with EU carbon intensity policies support the business case. Twenty-three banks are financing the project, he points out.
“The NGHC plant is designed to ensure that the carbon intensity of the end product will be beneath the required threshold in Europe,” he says.
Edmondson acknowledges the premium costs currently involved in a low-carbon-intensity supply chain. However, this is expected to change as companies implement their net-zero commitments and suppliers scale their production to meet rising demand.
Air Products’ key role
In addition to being the exclusive offtaker for over 30 years for the green ammonia produced at the plant, Air Products is also the project’s main engineering, procurement and construction (EPC) contractor.
The firm’s triple role as an equity investor, EPC contractor and offtaker ensures that “we keep the focus on lowest cost of green hydrogen or ammonia”, notes Edmondson.
“Despite being the EPC contractor and a major investor in NGHC, Air Products’ primary objective is to generate revenue out of selling the ammonia that they have agreed to offtake from NGHC, not through the EPC contract,” he adds.
Phase two
With construction well under way for the integrated Neom green hydrogen and ammonia project, NGHC and its shareholders are now looking at a potential second phase.
“The Neom green hydrogen project is not expected to be a single investment,” says Edmondson.
“With all the ammonia to be produced at the plant under construction already sold to Air Products, there remains an interest in looking at additional investments for both the export market as well as the local market requirements for green hydrogen.”
Neom, which aims to be carbon-free and 100 per cent powered by renewable energy, is considering alternative fuels such as green hydrogen to achieve that goal.
Potential applications include mobility, given the plan to develop a rail system and other modes of transport for Neom.
“There was no domestic demand for green hydrogen fuel when the project was originally conceived in 2019. The market is continuing to evolve and we now see a stronger business case for local supply of green hydrogen,” says Edmondson.
The next phase is envisaged to be another large-scale project addressing domestic and international demand for green hydrogen and green ammonia.
Edmondson says more serious discussions about the project’s next phase will be on the agenda in 2024.
Ongoing innovation
The groundwork for the more widespread adoption of green hydrogen in Neom and across Saudi Arabia is under way.
In 2024, Neom’s energy and water subsidiary Enowa will open the Hydrogen and Innovation Development Centre (HIDC), which aims to produce and adopt decarbonised and clean synthetic fuels in partnership with Saudi Aramco.
Initially, the NGHC project at the HIDC will gather operational data from the facility’s first 20MW electrolyser from Germany’s ThyssenKrupp Nucera, which will be used at the NGHC plant.
This will help advance Enowa’s plans with Air Products Qudra to test advanced hydrogen fuel cell-based mobility and logistics solutions at Neom.
Neom factor
As a trailblazing project, Edmondson recognises the many opportunities that Neom has provided.
“We have had excellent support from Neom on both our land and permitting requirements as we have developed the project,” he says.
“We have also benefitted from legislation that allowed the first private grid in the kingdom and were granted the first industrial licence in Saudi Arabia for a green hydrogen plant.
“Neom has certainly risen to the challenge of supporting investors to make the project a reality.”
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EditorAs the smallest economy in the GCC, Bahrain has long understood that its competitive edge lies in being agile and prepared to disrupt established economic models.
This proactive approach began decades ago with the deregulation of its telecoms sector, positioning it ahead of many GCC peers in opening that market. More recently, the same strategic foresight emerged in the fintech space with the early adoption of regulatory sandboxes and a supportive digital finance ecosystem.
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A hub in Bahrain, which is located to the west of its existing hubs in Asia, will allow Air Asia to connect to the European and African markets, allowing it to develop a network that will be a low-cost alternative to the full-service airlines based in the Gulf that also bridge east and west, including Bahrain’s flag carrier Gulf Air.
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Firms interested in Qiddiya high-speed rail revealed14 November 2025

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Saudi Arabia's Royal Commission for Riyadh City, in collaboration with Qiddiya Investment Company and the National Centre for Privatisation & PPP, have received interest from over 145 local and international companies for a contract to develop the Qiddiya high-speed rail project in Riyadh.
These include 68 contracting companies, 23 design and project management consultants, 16 investment firms, 12 rail operators, 10 rolling stock providers and 16 other services firms.
The lead developers and contractors that have expressed interest are:
- Afcons Contracting Company / Shapoorji Pallonji (India)
- Al-Omaier Trading & Contracting (local)
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- Al-Rawaf Contracting (local)
- Al-Ayuni Investment & Contracting Company (local)
- AlBawani (local)
- Al-Fahd Company (local)
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- Amar (local)
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- Aviation Industry Corporation of China (China)
- Bouygues Travaux Publics (France)
- China Railway 18th Bureau Group (China)
- China Harbour Engineering Company (China)
- Built Industrial Company (local)
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- China Machinery Engineering Corporation (China)
- China Railway Construction Corporation (China)
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- FCC Construccion (Spain)
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- Hassan Allam Construction (Egypt)
- Hyundai Engineering & Construction (South Korea)
- IC Ictas (Turkiye)
- Imathia Construccion (Spain)
- Kalyon Insaat (Turkiye)
- Kolin Construction (Turkiye)
- Larsen & Toubro (India)
- Makyol (Turkiye)
- Mapa Group (Turkiye)
- Marubeni (Japan)
- Mofarreh AlHarbi & Partners (local)
- Mota-Engil (Portugal)
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Expressions of interest have also been submitted by the following design and project management consultants:
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- CH2M (USA)
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The firms submitted their expressions of interest on 12 October, as MEED reported.
The clients issued the notice to the market in September.
The Qiddiya high-speed rail project will connect King Salman International airport and King Abdullah Financial District (KAFD) in Riyadh with Qiddiya City.
Also known as Q-Express, the railway line will travel at speeds of up to 250 kilometres an hour, reaching Qiddiya in 30 minutes.
The project was previously planned to be developed under a conventional model, but will now progress under a public-private partnership (PPP) model.
The line is expected to be developed in two phases. The first phase will connect Qiddiya with KAFD and King Khalid International airport.
The second phase will start from a development known as the North Pole – which is understood to include the Public Investment Fund’s proposed 2-kilometre-tall tower – and travel to the New Murabba development, King Salman Park, central Riyadh and Industrial City in the south of Riyadh.
In November 2023, MEED reported that French consultant Egis had been appointed as the technical adviser for the project.
UK-based consultancy Ernst & Young is acting as the transaction adviser on the project. Latham & Watkins is the legal adviser.
Qiddiya is one of Saudi Arabia’s five official gigaprojects and covers a total area of 376 square kilometres (sq km), with 223 sq km of developed land.
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Meraas awards $120m Citywalk expansion project deal14 November 2025
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Local real estate developer Meraas has awarded a AED440m ($120m) contract for the construction of the Northline residential project in the Al-Wasl area of Dubai.
The contract was awarded to the local GCC Contracting Company.
The project includes the construction of three residential buildings. Construction works are expected to begin shortly and the project is slated for completion by 2027.
The enabling works were undertaken by the local International Foundations Group.
The project is part of the recently announced City Walk expansion project.
In June, Merass announced the City Walk Crestlane project as it continued its expansion of the City Walk residential community.
City Walk Crestlane comprises two residential towers offering 198 one- to five-bedroom units.
The project is expected to be completed and handed over by the third quarter of 2028.
Meraas’ latest project contract award in Dubai is backed by heightened real estate activity in the UAE’s construction market. Schemes worth over $323bn are in the execution or planning stages, according to UK analytics firm GlobalData.
The company forecasts that the output of the UAE’s construction sector will grow by 4.2% in real terms in 2025, supported by developments in infrastructure, energy and utilities, as well as residential construction projects.
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Contractors prepare bids for Aramco gas compression project13 November 2025

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Saudi Aramco is making progress with the main contract tendering process for a project to boost gas compression capacity at the Shedgum and Uthmaniya processing plants in the kingdom’s Eastern Province.
The Shedgum and Uthmaniya plants currently receive approximately 870 million cubic feet a day (cf/d) and 1.2 billion cf/d of Khuff raw gas, respectively.
Through this multibillion-dollar project, Aramco aims to increase the compression and processing capacity of the two plants, as well as to construct new pipelines to enhance gas transport.
Contractors are preparing bids for several engineering, procurement and construction (EPC) packages of the Shedgum and Uthmaniya gas compression capacity expansion project. Aramco has set a bid submission deadline of 17 November, according to sources.
The Saudi energy giant is understood to have started the solicitation of interest process for the main EPC contract tendering exercise in the fourth quarter of last year.
Aramco then issued the tenders for the EPC packages of the scheme during the second quarter of this year and set an initial bid submission deadline of 17 August, the sources said.
In line with its aim of increasing gas production and processing capacity by 60% by 2030, with 2021 as its baseline, Aramco is investing significant capital in gas projects in the kingdom this year.
Aramco’s capital expenditure (capex) in the third quarter of 2025 stood at $12.55bn, a marginal year-on-year increase of 2%. For the first nine months of the year, the firm registered capex of $37.41bn, an increase of 3.38% compared to the same period last year.
The company previously announced capital investment guidance in the range of $52bn-$58bn for 2025, excluding around $4bn of project financing.
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Distributed to senior decision-makers in the region and around the world, the November 2025 edition of MEED Business Review includes:
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Aramco Stadium races towards completion12 November 2025

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The Aramco Stadium in Khobar is moving forward at an impressive pace as the fast-track project races towards completion in 2026.
The 47,000-seat stadium will be the new home for the Aramco-owned Al-Qadsiah Club and a key venue for the 2027 AFC Asian Cup and the 2034 Fifa World Cup.
The project’s progress stems from detailed planning and an accelerated delivery strategy. The project was conceived in May 2023, with the design process, managed by Aramco, commencing shortly thereafter.
“We completed the design within six months,” said Mohammed Subhi, the Aramco Stadium’s project manager.

The project advanced quickly due to thorough planning and a fast-track delivery approach. Initiated in May 2023, the design phase—overseen by Aramco—was completed within six months
An early engagement approach with the main contractor – a joint venture of Besix and Al-Bawani – was instrumental in maintaining momentum. This partnership began early in 2024, allowing for collaborative input on critical construction elements.
This upfront collaboration minimised pre-construction time, ensuring a rapid transition to site work.
Engineering challenges
The stadium’s architectural design, inspired by the natural whirlpools of the Gulf and featuring interwoven transparent sails, presents significant engineering challenges, particularly in the structural steel and façade work. For spectator comfort, the stadium is equipped with full cooling systems and designed to the highest international standards.Logistics management is another crucial facet of the project, which is located in central Khobar. With thousands of workers on site, the movement of materials is tightly controlled to minimise community disruption.
“We control how many trucks can enter the site and at what time. For example, we cannot cast concrete during the day. It has to be after 6pm, up until the early morning,” said Subhi.
A key priority on site is health and safety, an area where the organisation’s legacy from its oil and gas operations is clearly visible. Subhi explains that the principle of health and safety is part of the company’s DNA and is embodied in the deployment of advanced technology and rigorous standards, which have collectively resulted in over 10 million safe working hours to date.
The project employs a sophisticated Smart Safety Command Centre (SCC), which utilises artificial intelligence-based monitoring and 24/7 surveillance. One key feature of the centre is the crane collision prevention system – a key technological advancement in heavy machinery coordination and a first for the region.
“We have tower cranes and crawler cranes talking to each other. The anti-collision system means cranes talk to each other without human interference, and they automatically shut down when they are too close to each other,” said Subhi.

A key technological advancement is the crane collision prevention system, which means the cranes talk to each other and shut down if they become too close
In addition to ground operations, the project is leveraging aerial technology to mitigate risk in high-altitude work.
“We have used drones for the inspection of the cranes and inspection of the steel structure itself to minimise the risk of working at height,” said Subhi.

Drones have been adopted on-site to mitigate the risk of working at height
Worker welfare
The project’s commitment extends beyond mere regulatory compliance to comprehensive worker welfare, establishing a high standard for construction sites in the region.
With current staffing reaching approximately 11,000 direct and indirect workers, welfare provisions are a core priority, linking directly back to Aramco’s corporate standards.
In a region where extreme heat is a constant challenge, the project has implemented advanced heat stress management protocols. This includes the installation of heat sensors with alarm systems, mandatory work stoppage during peak heat hours and regular briefings on heat exhaustion symptoms. Fully air-conditioned rest areas are provided for breaks and meals.
Aramco is also committed to developing national talent. A significant proportion of the staff are young, and about 20% of the team are women.
The relationship with the joint-venture contractor is defined by collaboration rather than traditional client-contractor hierarchy. “We are one team, working together,” said Subhi. This approach has fostered a cooperative environment that is accelerating the on-site progress towards the 2026 completion goal.
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