meed-logo

line1 line2 line3
SIGN IN / REGISTER

Acwa Power tightens grip on GCC water

26 January 2024

 

This report also includes: Mena water delivers exceptional growth

Time-bound sustainability objectives and improving economic conditions kept the GCC region’s water sector projects buoyant in 2023.

This coincided with the key milestones achieved by independent water producer (IWP) contracts awarded between 2020 and 2021, which reached either the commissioning or commercial operation stages in 2023 following two years of disruption caused by the Covid-19 pandemic.

The UAE awarded three IWP contracts in 2023 and Saudi Arabia awarded one. This was a remarkable recovery considering that there was only one contract award in 2021 and none in 2022, barring the directly negotiated contract for the development of Shuaibah 3 in Saudi Arabia.

In contrast, there were no new awards for independent water and power producer (IWPP) projects – a model that worked successfully from the 1990s until the mid-2010s, when policies started to shift away from thermal desalination technologies and towards IWPs that rely on reverse osmosis technology for water treatment.


Source: MEED

IWP awards

The IWP contracts awarded in 2023 include Mirfa 2 and Shuweihat 4 in Abu Dhabi, Rabigh 4 in Saudi Arabia and Hassyan 1 in Dubai. The four IWP schemes have a total combined capacity of about 2.3 million cubic metres a day (cm/d).

The award of these contracts resulted in higher net and gross capacities for Saudi utility developer Acwa Power, France’s Engie and Spain-headquartered GS Inima, relative to the last MEED water developer ranking published in January 2023.

Acwa Power’s overall net capacity leapt by 20 per cent in 2023 to reach approximately 3.5 million cm/d. This resulted from its 40 per cent equity in Dubai’s Hassyan 1 IWP project, which has a capacity of over 818,000 cm/d; and its 45 per cent shareholding in the 600,000 cm/d Rabigh 4 IWP.

Engie likewise posted an impressive two-digit rise in terms of its net capacity, growing from 1.67 million cm/d to 1.87 million cm/d, thanks to its 40 per cent equity in the Mirfa 2 IWP project in Abu Dhabi.

The size of the two projects that Acwa Power won in 2023, however, meant it managed to further widen its lead over Engie and the other private water developers operating assets across the GCC states.

At 3.5 million cm/d, Acwa Power’s overall net capacity is equivalent to the total combined net capacity of the next five developers in the ranking: Malaysia’s Malakoff, Japan’s Marubeni and Sumitomo, and GS Inima, in addition to Engie.

The Saudi utility developer has also for the first time overtaken Engie in terms of gross water desalination capacity. As
of the end of 2023, its gross capacity crossed 7.7 million cm/d compared to Engie’s 7.0 cm/d.

In terms of ranking, GS Inima registered the most significant improvement among the top 10 private water developer companies, advancing three spots to rank fifth, having grown its net equity capacity nearly 50 per cent to reach close to 383,000 cm/d. This change takes into consideration that Kuwait’s Gulf Investment Corporation (GIC), which was included in the previous index, has been excluded this year due to its role as an investor rather than a developer of water desalination projects.

GS Inima will maintain a 60 per cent shareholding in Abu Dhabi’s Shuweihat 4 IWP scheme, which is expected to reach commercial operation by mid-2026.

Despite not having won any new contracts, Saudi Brothers Commercial Company and Abdulaziz al-Ajlan, both Riyadh-based, managed to land in the top 10 ranking of water developers this year, mainly due to the exclusion of both GIC and Water & Electricity Holding Company (Badeel), which is fully owned by Saudi Arabia’s Public Investment Fund. 

Outlook

The next 12 months will likely be an active period for the water industry, particularly in Saudi Arabia.

This is mainly due to the target set by the kingdom’s Environment, Water & Agriculture Ministry to meet 92 per cent of Saudi Arabia’s water demand using desalinated water by 2030, to reduce reliance on ground and surface water.

Both Saudi Water Conversion Corporation, the world’s largest desalinator, which supplies 69 per cent of Saudi Arabia’s water, and Saudi Water Partnership Company (SWPC) will have to get “plants up and running as soon as possible to make this target”, says Robert Bryniak, CEO of Dubai-based Golden Sands Management Consulting.

Elsewhere – particularly in the UAE and, to a lesser extent, Oman – expiring contracted capacity and growing demand are expected to continue to drive the procurement of additional seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) capacity.

The past few years have seen several international and local developers and investors enter the GCC’s water desalination market.

“The water industry could benefit by having more engineering, procurement and construction (EPC) contractors and developers, but I do not see this holding back procurers in launching new projects,” says Bryniak. “Having said that, there is definitely room for the water industry to accommodate more developers and EPC contractors.”

Tariff trend

Tariffs, or the long-term levelised costs that offtakers pay for water that private developers produce, are expected to trend upwards in 2024. This is due to higher interest rates and inflationary pressures on materials and supplies.

“These considerations, coupled with a limited number of experienced EPC contractors with excess contracting capacity, suggest that it will be tough seeing lower tariffs this year,” Bryniak says.

“We expect this trend due to the expected higher costs,” says another water desalination expert based in the UAE.

“The tariff for the Hassyan 1 IWP was low, but I see that as an anomaly,” says Bryniak, referring to the $cents 36.5 a cubic metre ($c/cm) tariff that Acwa Power proposed last year to develop the Hassyan 1 IWP in Dubai.

The previous tariff bid for the project was about 30 per cent lower than that proposed by Acwa Power last year, and it is likely that the bidder “had tremendous pressure to maintain a relatively low tariff to secure the project”, says Bryniak.  

Future projects

SWPC issued the tender for the contract to develop the Jubail 4 and 6 IWP schemes on 1 January, and the tendering process is also under way for the Ras Mohaisen IWP. Both contracts are expected to be awarded before the end of this year.

In addition, SWPC has indicated that four more IWPs are expected to reach commercial operation by 2027, which implies that it could start seeking interest from developers for these projects in the next 12-24 months. 

Under the latest plan, the Ras al-Khair 2 and 4, Al-Rais 2 and Tabuk 1 IWP projects will have a combined total capacity of 1.7 million cm/d.

In the UAE, Acwa Power is understood to be the sole bidder for the 400,000 cm/d Hamriyah IWP in Sharjah. The contract could be awarded in the first half of 2024.

In Abu Dhabi, the tendering process is under way for two SWRO plants that will be developed under one contract. The Abu Dhabi Islands SWRO projects will each have a capacity of 227,000 cm/d.

Kuwait’s two IWPPs – Al-Zour North 2 & 3 and Al-Khiran 1 – and the Facility E IWPP in Qatar include water desalination units with capacities of 695,000 cm/d and 454,000 cm/d, respectively.

MEED understands that an option is open for the bidders to use membrane technology for the desalination units of these planned facilities.

Unstoppable

Acwa Power thus appears unstoppable given its plans to further consolidate its presence in the region’s water industry, and pursue new technologies and partnerships, as its CEO Marco Arcelli told MEED in July last year.

The company plans to work with Japanese membrane technology provider Toray Industries to explore energy-saving technologies for SWRO. It is also working with other suppliers located in the US, Japan and China, as well as with Saudi Arabia’s King Abdullah University of Science & Technology to explore energy-efficient solutions for treating seawater.

The scale of the IWP projects Acwa Power has won between 2019 and 2023 enables it to outprice key competitors, or bid for projects deemed too risky by other developers.

The firm’s offer to develop Rabigh 4 for $c0.458/cm, for instance, was lower than what some of its competitors anticipated Acwa Power was capable of offering, although it lost Mirfa 2 to Engie a few months earlier.

As it is, Acwa Power won five of the 12 IWP contracts that were tendered and awarded in Saudi Arabia, the UAE and Oman during the past four years, equivalent to more than 56 per cent of the gross capacity awarded over that period.

Other developers should take note as they establish strategies to win more contracts in the future and potentially slow down Acwa Power's three-year sector dominance.

 Mena water delivers exceptional growth 

https://image.digitalinsightresearch.in/uploads/NewsArticle/11438915/main.gif
Jennifer Aguinaldo

Register for MEED's guest program now to access this article.

Click here to register
Exclusive from Meed
Related Articles
  • Seven bid for Bahrain highway upgrade

    21 September 2026

    Register for MEED’s 14-day trial access 

    Seven contractors have submitted bids for the next phase of the Sheikh Jaber Al-Ahmed Al-Sabah Highway upgrade project.

    According to results published by the Bahrain Tender Board, the firms that have submitted bids include:

    • Nass Contracting Company
    • Haji Hassan Group
    • Almoayyed Contracting Group
    • Mohammed Abdulmohsen Al-Kharafi & Sons
    • Eastern Asphalt & Concrete Production
    • Cebarco Bahrain
    • Kingdom Asphalt

    The contract scope includes expansion works on 2 kilometres of the highway. It consists of a four-lane dual carriageway with service roads on both sides.

    The scope of works also includes excavation and backfill work, construction of stormwater drainage networks, a pumping station, installation of ducts for future utilities, upgraded street lighting, traffic signs and directional signage.

    The project aims to improve traffic capacity, reduce congestion and enhance safety along the transport corridor linking Manama with industrial zones.

    In April, MEED reported that Bahrain had approved a financing agreement framework to fund the construction of the next phase of the Sheikh Jaber Al-Ahmed Al-Sabah Highway upgrade.

    In March last year, the Kuwait Fund for Arab Economic Development and the Bahraini government signed a KD10m ($32.4m) loan agreement to fund the second phase of the project, which is expected to cost about $404m.

    This was followed in September 2025 by the appointment of US-based Parsons Corporation on a $1.5m contract to provide pre-contract engineering consultancy services for the project.

    According to data from regional project tracker MEED Projects, construction of the first phase was completed in 2020.

    A joint venture of local firm Nass Contracting and Kuwait’s KCC Engineering & Contracting undertook the main construction works.

    READ THE SEPTEMBER 2026 MEED BUSINESS REVIEW – click here to view PDF

    Nuclear power ambitions gather pace; Kuwait keeps dealmaking alive despite war; Region invests in raising gas processing capacity.

    Distributed to senior decision-makers in the region and around the world, the September 2026 edition of MEED Business Review includes:
    To see previous issues of MEED Business Review, please click here
    https://image.digitalinsightresearch.in/uploads/NewsArticle/19847073/main.png
    Yasir Iqbal
  • Oman reveals Sohar airport and Salalah Thumrait Road plans

    21 September 2026

    Oman is planning a new passenger terminal at Sohar Airport to expand regional air connectivity and strengthen the airport’s role in the national aviation network.

    According to Said Bin Hamoud Al-Maawali, Oman’s minister of transport, communications and information technology, new routes are expected to be announced before the end of the year. Potential destinations include Dammam in Saudi Arabia, Gwadar in Pakistan, and southern Iran.

    The planned terminal and additional routes will give residents of northern Oman more travel options.

    Al-Maawali also provided an update on the long-delayed Salalah-Thumrait truck road, saying the project will be procured through a conventional tendering model rather than a public-private partnership (PPP).

    In August 2023, Oman shortlisted five of eight prequalified teams to compete for the Salalah-Thumrait truck road project, which was set to be the sultanate’s first PPP road project.

    The 67-kilometre road project is specially designed for heavy vehicles. 

    The road is a key link in Dhofar’s transport network, connecting Thumrait with Salalah and supporting movement between the interior and the governorate’s main urban and economic centre.

    READ THE SEPTEMBER 2026 MEED BUSINESS REVIEW – click here to view PDF

    Nuclear power ambitions gather pace; Kuwait keeps dealmaking alive despite war; Region invests in raising gas processing capacity.

    Distributed to senior decision-makers in the region and around the world, the September 2026 edition of MEED Business Review includes:
    To see previous issues of MEED Business Review, please click here
    https://image.digitalinsightresearch.in/uploads/NewsArticle/19794881/main.jpg
    Yasir Iqbal
  • ADES completes acquisition of Saipem’s Saudi drilling business

    18 September 2026

    Register for MEED’s 14-day trial access 

    Al-Khobar-based ADES Holding Company has completed a transaction to acquire Italian oil and gas contractor Saipem’s shallow-water drilling subsidiary based in Saudi Arabia.

    Under the deal, ADES Saudi, an indirect subsidiary of Saudi Stock Exchange (Tadawul)-listed ADES Holding, will acquire Saudi Arabian Saipem, which operates a fleet of five jack-up rigs.

    The fleet includes three owned rigs – Perro Negro 7, Perro Negro 8 and Perro Negro 10 – as well as two leased rigs, Perro Negro 11 and Perro Negro 13. Four of the acquired rigs operate in Saudi Arabia, while Perro Negro 10 operates in Mexico under a charter structure and retains a valid contract in Saudi Arabia.

    ADES began the transaction to acquire Saudi Arabian Saipem in June, when it was estimated to be valued at about $285m. The deal was structured on a debt-free, cash-free basis, which was to be settled entirely in cash upon closing.

    Following completion, ADES operates a fleet of 128 units, comprising 88 offshore units – including 51 premium units – and 40 onshore rigs.

    The transaction also marks ADES’ entry into Mexico, extending the company’s international footprint to 21 countries, and adds approximately SR3.7bn ($992.9m) in backlog as of the completion date.

    The purchase of Saudi Arabian Saipem by ADES Holding follows the company’s takeover of Dubai-based, Oslo-listed Shelf Drilling in November last year, in a transaction valued at $379m. Following the completion of the cash merger, Shelf Drilling was wholly delisted from the Oslo Stock Exchange.

    The combined Shelf Drilling-ADES entity has been operating as a global player in shallow-water drilling in the world’s most prolific basins, with a fleet of 83 offshore jack-ups, including 46 premium jack-ups and 40 onshore rigs. The acquisition expanded ADES Holding’ global footprint from 13 to 19 countries, allowing entry and deeper operational integration into Southeast Asia, India, West Africa, the North Sea and the broader Mediterranean.

    Saudi Arabian Saipem generated revenues of SR636m ($170m) in 2025, highlighting the scale of the business being transferred.

    The divestment aligns with Saipem’s broader industrial strategy of reducing exposure to mature shallow-water drilling markets and concentrating resources on deepwater and harsh-environment offshore projects, where technical complexity and barriers to entry are generally higher.

    These segments have attracted growing investment in recent years as operators pursue offshore developments in regions such as the North Sea, Brazil, West Africa and the US Gulf of Mexico.

    For ADES, the acquisition further expands its presence in the Middle East offshore drilling market, particularly in Saudi Arabia, one of the world’s largest offshore jack-up rig markets, driven by activity from Saudi Aramco.

    Saipem previously said proceeds from the transaction will be used in accordance with the objectives outlined in its industrial plan. The Milan-listed company was advised on the transaction by Moelis & Company as financial adviser and Clifford Chance, together with AS&H Clifford Chance, as legal counsel.

    READ THE SEPTEMBER 2026 MEED BUSINESS REVIEW – click here to view PDF

    Nuclear power ambitions gather pace; Kuwait keeps dealmaking alive despite war; Region invests in raising gas processing capacity.

    Distributed to senior decision-makers in the region and around the world, the September 2026 edition of MEED Business Review includes:
    To see previous issues of MEED Business Review, please click here
    https://image.digitalinsightresearch.in/uploads/NewsArticle/19795697/main5616.jpg
    Indrajit Sen
  • SAR tenders design review consultancy for GCC rail link

    18 September 2026

     

    Register for MEED’s 14-day trial access 

    Saudi Arabia Railways (SAR) has issued a request for proposals (RFP) for a design management and review consultant to oversee engineering works on the GCC railway network, the latest step in advancing the long-delayed regional rail link.

    The RFP was issued on 9 September, with a submission deadline of 18 October.

    The tender seeks a consultant to manage, audit and verify deliverables produced by SAR's separately appointed design services consultant, rather than carry out the design itself. The tendering for the design services consultancy is currently in progress.

    Construction will be tendered separately through competitive bidding once designs are approved.

    The GCC railway will run for about 672 kilometres (km) inside Saudi Arabia, linking the kingdom's existing network to Kuwait, Qatar, the UAE and Bahrain, with four sections of about 141km, 200km, 151km and 21km, respectively.

    The line is planned as a single-track, non-electrified corridor for mixed freight and passenger traffic, with a maximum axle load of 32.4 tonnes and passing loops for bidirectional working.

    The appointed consultant will develop a design management and review plan covering governance, interdisciplinary coordination and stage-gate approvals, and will issue formal review and audit reports against SAR's requirements and international standards.

    The scope also covers stakeholder engagement, interface management and oversight of land acquisition activity tied to the design consultant's land acquisition plan.

    Key design stages are expected to take about 16 months: four months for concept design, six for preliminary design and six for issued-for-construction design, each with four weeks of contingency.

    SAR has asked bidders to mobilise a core team from day one. These must include a project director, engineering and design manager, stakeholder manager and lead document controller, all based at SAR's offices, with minimum experience thresholds ranging from three years for junior operators up to 25 years, including 15 in rail, for the project director role.

    GCC railway line

    Under the overall plan, the railway will run from Kuwait, pass through Dammam in Saudi Arabia, reach Bahrain via a planned causeway, and continue from Dammam to Qatar, the UAE and, ultimately, Muscat via Sohar in Oman. The railway is reported to cover about 2,186km in total.

    The route length within each member state is as follows:

    • UAE – 684km
    • Saudi Arabia – 672km
    • Oman – 306km
    • Qatar – 283km
    • Kuwait – 145km
    • Bahrain – 36km

    The railway is designed for passenger trains travelling at 220 kilometres an hour (km/h) and freight trains operating at 80km/h–120km/h.

    With high levels of project activity, governments in spending mode and renewed cooperation under the Al-Ula Declaration, the latest efforts to restart the GCC railway project may make more progress than previous attempts. If completed, the railway could prove transformational for a region that is globally connected but still divided by national borders.

    READ THE SEPTEMBER 2026 MEED BUSINESS REVIEW – click here to view PDF

    Nuclear power ambitions gather pace; Kuwait keeps dealmaking alive despite war; Region invests in raising gas processing capacity.

    Distributed to senior decision-makers in the region and around the world, the September 2026 edition of MEED Business Review includes:
    To see previous issues of MEED Business Review, please click here
    https://image.digitalinsightresearch.in/uploads/NewsArticle/19783331/main.gif
    Yasir Iqbal
  • Tender issued for Libyan gas project

    17 September 2026

    An invitation to bid has been issued for a contract to conduct environmental assessments for the project to expand the Mellitah oil and gas complex in Libya.

    The bid submission deadline is 2pm today (17 September) Libyan time.

    The scope of the project includes provision of:

    • An environmental baseline study (EBS)
    • An environmental impact assessment (EIA)
    • An environmental management plan (EMP)

    The client is Mellitah Oil & Gas (MOG), which is a joint venture of Italy’s Eni and Libya’s National Oil Corporation (NOC).

    MOG is based in Tripoli and operates both onshore and offshore oil and gas facilities.

    The joint venture owns and operates six major oil and gas fields across the North African country.

    According to the tender documents, the company that is awarded the contract will need to prepare environmental management measures in compliance with:

    • Libyan environmental legislation
    • Ministry of Environment requirements
    • NOC environmental guidelines
    • Applicable international environmental standards and best practices

    The expansion of the Mellitah oil and gas complex is part of a project estimated to be worth $8bn.

    The wider project is known as the Mellitah Complex Expansion & CO2 Management Integrated Development Project.

    It has six main packages:

    • Onshore package
    • Offshore Structure A
    • Offshore Structure E
    • Subsea pipeline package
    • Site preparation work
    • Carbon capture and storage facility

    Security issues and political instability have been a major problem for Libya’s oil and gas sector since the country’s civil war started in 2011.

    Earlier this month, the Mellitah oil and gas complex was forced to shut down temporarily due to a protest over deteriorating public services.

    The existing onshore complex includes housing, processing units, storage facilities and export facilities.

    It also serves as the launch point for the Greenstream pipeline, which delivers Libyan gas directly to Italy.

    The planned expansion of the complex will involve:

    • Construction of a new fourth gas processing train
    • Construction of a third condensate train
    • Construction of a third natural gas liquids fractionation train
    • Construction of a fourth sulphur recovery unit train
    • Installation of a hydrogen sulphide enrichment unit
    • Installation of a sulphur recovery unit
    • Construction of other associated facilities

    The Mellitah complex is located about 100 kilometres west of Tripoli and is a key energy facility in the west of the country.

    https://image.digitalinsightresearch.in/uploads/NewsArticle/19748920/main.png
    Wil Crisp