Unlocking AI’s carbon conundrum
31 January 2025

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Abu Dhabi has recently launched a $6bn project that combines 5,200MW of solar and 19 gigawatt-hours (GWh) of battery energy storage capacity to deliver 1,000MW of round-the-clock renewable power capacity, a world first.
The project addresses the intermittency of renewable energy, which UAE Industry & Advanced Technology Minister Sultan Al-Jaber describes as the “moonshot challenge” of our time.
The goal is to deliver clean baseload capacity much more quickly and at a lower price than a gas or nuclear power plant.
At approximately $60 a megawatt-hour, the project aligns with the mandate of Emirates Water & Electricity Company (Ewec) to deliver the lowest-cost energy transition.
Abu Dhabi Future Energy Company (Masdar) will develop the project, which will help to boost its gross capacity, in line with expanding its renewable energy portfolio to 100GW by 2030.
Located on a land area of 90 square kilometres, the solar and battery project is due to become operational by 2027, Masdar’s chief operating officer, Abdulaziz Alobaidli, said on 14 January.
This is in addition to the 1.5GW of annual renewable capacity that Ewec intends to procure until at least the mid-2030s, in line with decarbonising the emirate’s electricity system and reaching net zero by 2050.
Following the project’s launch, Masdar announced the preferred engineering, procurement and construction and other sub-
contractors for the scheme.
AI and power link
In December, the US government reportedly approved the export of advanced artificial intelligence (AI) chips to a Microsoft-operated facility in the UAE, as part of the technology giant’s $1.5bn partnership with Mubadala-backed AI firm G42.
Three months earlier, in September, Sheikh Tahnoon Bin Zayed Al-Nahyan, deputy ruler of Abu Dhabi and national security adviser, met with Jake Sullivan, US national security adviser, in Washington to seal an agreement known as the Common Principles for Cooperation on AI, following a meeting between UAE President Mohamed Bin Zayed Al-Nahyan and then-US President Joe Biden.
The meeting took place a few days after US-based equity investment firm BlackRock announced a $100bn tech investment platform called Global AI Infrastructure Investment Partnership.
The fund’s partners include Mubadala-backed AI fund MGX, which aims to build $100bn in assets under management; US-based Global Infrastructure Partners; and Microsoft.
In January, MGX teamed up with US tech giant Oracle, Japan’s Softbank and ChatGPT creator Open AI to form the Stargate project, a joint venture that aims to invest $500bn in building AI infrastructure in the US over the next four years.
Abu Dhabi has not denied the link between its clean energy capacity buildout and the UAE’s national, and perhaps international, AI strategy.
A social media post on 14 January by President Mohamed Bin Zayed confirmed the 1GW solar plus battery project will directly support Abu Dhabi’s AI plans.
“The project will help power advancements in AI and emerging technologies, supporting delivery of the UAE National Strategy for Artificial Intelligence 2031 and the Net Zero by 2050 strategic initiative,” he said.
Investing in and developing AI infrastructure and applications at home and abroad is now a UAE government priority. It will create jobs and new revenues, and will boost efficiencies in every facet of governance and business.
“The UAE is well positioned [in the developing AI industry],” says Michael Liebreich, managing partner at UK firm EcoPragma Capital, noting that it has “the energy status, geographical advantage and regulatory framework”.
In light of a new US regulation made public in January that restricts access to US-made AI chips, he adds that “you don’t want to have a situation where the UAE will have to choose between one or the other”, referring to the ongoing power struggle over AI between China, an important energy and trade partner of the UAE, and the US, which is a vital political ally.
Investing in and developing AI infrastructure and applications … is now a UAE government priority
Choosing sides
It appears that this choice has been made previously, however.
In an interview in early 2024, G42 CEO Peng Xiao said that his firm is cutting ties with Chinese hardware suppliers in favour of US counterparts, adding: “We cannot work with both sides.”
In addition, in December, Axios – the US media outlet that reported the clearance of AI chip exports by the US to the Microsoft and G42 facility in Abu Dhabi – suggested that the deal is part of efforts by the US government to elbow China out of the UAE’s expanding tech industry.
In Abu Dhabi, Ewec is tasked not only with decarbonising its electricity system by integrating solar and nuclear plants into its gas-dominated power-generation fleets, but also with ensuring 24×7 clean and cheap baseload capacity gets delivered to a project that is a national priority.
An expanding AI industry will also increase the scope for environmental, social and governance (ESG) compliance.
While it is widely accepted that the use of advanced AI solutions such as large- or small-language models or agentic AI for industrial applications can enable some sectors to cut emissions, AI requires hyperscale data centres, and data centres generally are as polluting as the airline industry.
Although the high temperatures and water scarcity of the Middle East can be addressed by another ESG-sensitive industry – seawater desalination – these factors can lead data centres in the region to be more carbon positive than those in other geographies.
For this reason, Abu Dhabi’s 5.2GW/19GWh project is considered a major milestone, potentially blazing a trail that other regions can follow – assuming it is implemented on time and within budget, and despite opposing opinions on its technical and commercial feasibility.
Main image: Sheikh Tahnoon Bin Zayed Al-Nahyan, deputy ruler of Abu Dhabi and national security adviser, and Jake Sullivan, US national security adviser, signed a cooperation agreement on AI in September 2024. Credit: Wam
READ MEED’s YEARBOOK 2025
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Published on 31 December 2024 and distributed to senior decision-makers in the region and around the world, the MEED Yearbook 2025 includes:
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> PROJECTS: Another bumper year for Mena projects
> GIGAPROJECTS INDEX: Gigaproject spending finds a level
> INFRASTRUCTURE: Dubai focuses on infrastructure
> US POLITICS: Donald Trump’s win presages shake-up of global politics
> REGIONAL ALLIANCES: Middle East’s evolving alliances continue to shift
> DOWNSTREAM: Regional downstream sector prepares for consolidation
> CONSTRUCTION: Bigger is better for construction
> TRANSPORT: Transport projects driven by key trends
> PROJECTS: Gulf projects index continues ascension
> CONTRACTS: Mena projects market set to break records in 2024
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Exclusive from Meed
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Chinese contractor wins Morocco solar plant deal10 August 2026
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Shamal picks Dutco for Dubai Zoo site homes10 August 2026
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WEBINAR: Mena Oil & Gas Projects Market 2026-2710 August 2026
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Spanish firm renews Yanbu desalination O&M contract10 August 2026
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Kuwait shows tentative signs of economic development7 August 2026
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Related Articles
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Chinese contractor wins Morocco solar plant deal10 August 2026
China Harbour Engineering Company (CHEC), a subsidiary of China Communications Construction Company (CCCC), has won a contract to build a solar photovoltaic (PV) power plant in Fez in northern Morocco.
Known as GreenPower Morocco 4 (GPM4), the project is being developed by Moroccan company GPM Holding through its utility-scale solar subsidiary GPM Parks.
The project covers engineering design, equipment procurement and installation, construction of an operation and maintenance building, grid connection and commissioning. It also includes upgrades to the associated substation.
According to CHEC, the completed plant will supply electricity to the local grid, although it did not disclose the project’s capacity or contract value.
The project is being developed under Law 13-09, which provides Morocco’s framework for private renewable energy generation.
According to its website, GPM Holding is also developing another solar PV project called GreenPower Morocco 2 (GPM2). This follows the completion of its first solar project, the 34MW project (GPM1) commissioned in Tangier in 2024.
GPM1 was developed by Green Power Morocco, a special purpose vehicle owned by GPM Holding and UAE-based Amea Power. The $30m project covers 75 hectares and includes 91,000 PV panels. It is expected to generate about 66,149MWh a year.
The project has a 25-year power purchase agreement in place with Amendis, a subsidiary of Veolia Morocco. PowerChina was the main engineering, procurement and construction (EPC) contractor.
Chinese contractors have previously been involved in other projects in Morocco’s renewable energy sector.
Shandong Electric Power Construction Company (Sepco 3), a subsidiary of PowerChina, was part of the EPC consortium for the 200MW Noor 2 concentrated solar plants and 150MW Noor 3 concentrated solar power projects at the Noor Ouarzazate complex.
New contract awards have been limited in Morocco in 2026, although six solar PV plants are now in the execution stage under phases one and two of the 305MW Noor Atlas solar PV programme.
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Shamal picks Dutco for Dubai Zoo site homes10 August 2026
Dubai-based Shamal Holding has awarded local contractor Dutco Construction the main construction works contract for a low-rise residential project on the site of the former Dubai Zoo in Jumeirah 1.
The project will comprise 90 low-rise homes and is designed as a residential leasing community that will remain under Shamal’s ownership, with all homes offered for premium leasing.
The development will retain mature trees from the former zoo and is planned around shared courtyards, landscaped open spaces and a central park. Residents will have access to a clubhouse, wellness area, children’s play area, family pool, lounge and gym.
The architect is DXB Lab. The local H&H is the development manager for the project.
Dutco has previously worked with Shamal on infrastructure elements of the Dubai Harbour and Dubai Harbour Marinas developments.
Shamal’s wider real estate portfolio includes the Naia Island, Dubai Harbour and Nad Al-Sheba Gardens developments. The company also holds hospitality and leisure assets, including partnerships with Jumeirah, Hilton and Baccarat, and operates attractions such as Skydive Dubai and Deep Dive Dubai.
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WEBINAR: Mena Oil & Gas Projects Market 2026-2710 August 2026
Webinar: Mena Oil & Gas Projects Market 2026-27
Thursday 27 August 2026 | 11:00 AM GST | Register now
Agenda:
- Summary of the Mena oil, gas and petrochemicals projects market
- Overview of major megaprojects, including project programmes
- Analysis of active contracts and spending to date
- Review of top contracts by work already awarded
- Long-term capital expenditure outlays and forecasts
- Key contracts expected to be tendered and awarded over the next 18 months
- Leading clients, contractors and market participants
- Spending by segment: oil, gas and petrochemicals (upstream, downstream, onshore and offshore)
- Audience Q&A
Hosted by: Indrajit Sen, MEED’s oil & gas editor
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Spanish firm renews Yanbu desalination O&M contract10 August 2026
Spain’s Aqualia has announced it has renewed a contract to operate and maintain three floating desalination plants in Yanbu on Saudi Arabia’s Red Sea coast.
The contract was awarded by the National Shipping Company of Saudi Arabia (Bahri) and will run until 14 September 2028, with an option to extend for a further two years.
The three reverse osmosis (RO) plants are mounted on barges and have a combined production capacity of 150,000 cubic metres a day (cm/d). Each plant has a capacity of 50,000 cm/d.
The three plants were originally deployed at Al-Shuqaiq and are designed to be relocated along Saudi Arabia’s coastline according to water demand. The barges are currently located at Yanbu.
The $255m floating desalination project was commissioned for the Saudi Water Authority in 2022, with Bahri as the developer and UAE-based Metitio as the main contractor.
Bahri is publicly listed on the Saudi Exchange but has significant government ownership, with the Public Investment Fund (PIF) holding 22.5% and Saudi Aramco Development Company owning 20% of the company.
Aqualia is providing operation and maintenance services in Saudi Arabia through its joint venture Haji Abdullah Alireza Integrated Services Company (Haaisco), in which it holds a 51% stake.
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Kuwait shows tentative signs of economic development7 August 2026

Kuwait was one of the chief targets of Iranian drone and missile strikes during July, but against the backdrop of regional instability, the Kuwaiti authorities also managed to conclude a series of significant deals during the month. That suggests that, if the US and Iran can come to some sort of agreement to end their conflict, there is the potential for the Kuwaiti economy to diversify and expand in a way that it has, until now, struggled to do.
The sense of nascent progress was bolstered in early August, when a survey of local businesses found that the non-oil sector had returned to growth at the start of the third quarter, having been in a slump since the start of the war. However, the risk of renewed fighting means most observers remain deeply cautious about whether the latest purchasing managers index (PMI) is just a blip, or the start of a longer trend.
Debt deals
The first big deal came on 22 July, when the government sold $6bn-worth of bonds. It was the second debt issuance by the authorities since a long-awaited public debt law was passed by decree last year. The latest package included debt with tenors of three, five and 10 years. In a sign of the turbulent geopolitical environment, the bonds were priced at 70-85 basis points over US Treasuries. Notably higher than the 40-50 basis point spread the government achieved in its bond sale late last year.
The second significant development came just a few days later, with Kuwait Oil Company (KOC) unveiling a $16bn deal with international investors Blackstone, Brookfield and KKR for its crude oil pipeline network. In a similar structure to deals struck in the past by Abu Dhabi National Oil Company (Adnoc) and Saudi Aramco, KOC will lease the country’s domestic and export pipelines to a new joint venture it has set up with the trio of international partners. The Kuwaiti energy company will then lease back the pipelines on an exclusive basis, in return for a volume-based tariff.
KOC will have a 51% stake in the joint venture and – in line with Kuwaiti law – will retain full ownership and operational control of the 320-kilometre network.
It was the largest energy infrastructure deal ever agreed in Kuwait and, according to KOC, the largest foreign direct investment made in the country. The $7.85bn that the three international partners will invest upfront will be used to support KOC parent company Kuwait Petroleum Corporation’s wider capital expenditure plans.
The fact that the country was able to secure the deal at a time when its only existing export route – through the Strait of Hormuz – has been effectively closed off is an important vote of confidence by investors in the country’s longer-term prospects. According to energy consultancy Wood Mackenzie, Kuwait’s crude export volumes had fallen from 1.2 million barrels a day before the year to zero in April.
It was the largest energy infrastructure deal ever agreed in Kuwait and, according to KOC, the largest foreign direct investment made in the country
UK-based Oxford Economics noted that the bond issue and the pipeline deal came at a time when Kuwait “faces elevated fiscal funding needs and remains one of the GCC’s most exposed oil exporters to any disruption in the Strait of Hormuz given its limited alternative export infrastructure”.
Blackstone said it also plans to open an office in Kuwait this year. There was a further show of investor interest in early August, when the Kuwait Investment Authority (KIA) reportedly agreed a $4.25bn, three-year loan from a group of 14 banks. The facility will be used for general corporate purposes, according to Bloomberg.
In a further notable development, Kuwait’s Ministry of Public Works also handed a contract in late July to China State Construction Engineering Corporation (CSCEC) to build the country’s largest wastewater treatment plant. The North Kabd plant will have a capacity of up to 1 million cubic metres a day (cm/d). Kuwaiti water desalination plants have been hit on several occasions by Iranian drones during this year’s war, causing fires and other damage.
Policy reforms
On a smaller level, some notable reforms have been rolled out to try to shape the direction of the non-oil economy too. In late July, the Ministry of Commerce & Industry stopped issuing any more sole-trader or freelance business licences, while a review is carried out into the sector and official oversight is tightened.
The authorities went a step further on 2 August, when a decree was issued to stop businesses offering goods and services without the right sort of licence. Anyone found to be working without the required permit could now face a prison term of up to three years and a fine of up to KD100,000 ($323,000) – or a sum equivalent to the profits generated by the unlicensed activity, whichever is greater.
Some steps have been taken to ease restrictions in other areas. In early August, a change to the visa system was announced that will allow some foreign nationals to convert a visit visa into a regular residency permit in return for a fee of KD150. The measure proved immediately popular, but many applicants had failed to read the small print and, according to local media reports, several hundred were rejected. The scheme is primarily aimed at those seeking to bring their wives or children to Kuwait, as well as humanitarian cases and others with exceptional circumstances.
Economic recovery
The wider economy is showing tentative signs of improvement. The latest PMI survey delivered an unexpectedly strong result, showing that the non-oil private sector returned to growth in July for the first time since the war began.
S&P Global Market Intelligence, which compiles the index, said the resumption of flights at Kuwait International airport had helped to support a rise in output and new orders – the first for five months. That in turn supported greater purchasing and hiring activity by local businesses and took the index up to 50.8 points – just above the 50-point threshold that separates growth from contraction.
Even so, S&P warned that market conditions remain “challenging” while local bank NBK Capital warned in early August that “it remains to be seen how much of this improvement [in the PMI] will be sustained … following the reescalation in US-Iran tensions in the past weeks”.
If the Kuwaiti economy is to make the most of its potential, the country needs the war between Iran and the US to come to a definitive end.
MEED’s September 2026 report on Kuwait also includes:
> BANKING: Necessity is the mother of invention for Kuwaiti lenders
> OIL & GAS: Regional war to have lasting impact on Kuwaiti oil sector
> CONSTRUCTION: Kuwait construction holds up despite regional strifehttps://image.digitalinsightresearch.in/uploads/NewsArticle/18199239/main.gif
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