UAE ramps up decarbonisation of water sector
10 October 2023
This package on the UAE's water sector also includes:
> Dewa signs Hassyan water project agreements
> Petrojet joins Project Wave contractor team
> Project Wave first phase reaches financial close
> Alpha Dhabi acquires majority stake in Metito
> Hatta reservoir nears completion
> Sharjah moves Hamriyah bid deadline

As a water-scarce country, the UAE has relied on non-conventional water, particularly seawater treated in desalination plants, to meet rising demand.
Over the past decade, the energy-intensive water treatment process, especially when using older technologies, has been a key focus for policymakers tasked with aligning industries with the country’s energy diversification and, more recently, net-zero carbon dioxide emissions agendas.
Decarbonising the water supply has entailed decoupling power and water production and improving the level of treated sewage effluent (TSE) reuse. Other initiatives involve modernising the water pipeline transmission network and tapping renewable energy to power desalination plants.
Demand management initiatives such as tariff reforms and awareness campaigns to make end users conscious of their consumption have also been put in place.
The past few months have marked several milestones in the country’s plan to decarbonise its water sector.
Two private water desalination plants that use reverse osmosis technology to treat seawater are in the final commissioning stage, expanding the UAE’s water production capacity from more energy-efficient plants.
These are the 200 million-imperial-gallon-a-day (MIGD) seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) plant in Taweela in Abu Dhabi and another plant in Umm al-Quwain, which has a capacity of 150MIGD.
Abu Dhabi’s second major SWRO project, the 120MIGD Mirfa 2 independent water producer (IWP), also reached financial close this year.
Crucially, Abu Dhabi dismantled the thermal-powered Taweelah A2 independent water and power producer (IWPP) plant last year, following the expiry of its long-term offtake contract. The plant’s desalination unit ran on the older multi-stage flash technology.
Hassyan 1
Dubai achieved an important milestone in October when state utility Dubai Electricity & Water Authority (Dewa) and Saudi-headquartered Acwa Power signed a 30-year water-purchase agreement (WPA) and shareholder agreement for the Hassyan 1 IWP project.
Acwa Power will develop and operate the power plant for 30 years at a levelised water cost of 36.5 $cents a cubic metre, a record low, although not nearly as low as the tariff proposed by another developer when the contract was first tendered.
The project supports Dewa’s plan to increase its water desalination capacity from 490MIGD to 750MIGD by the end of the decade.
Dewa has said the Hassyan 1 IWP will be powered by solar energy, further reducing the plant’s carbon footprint.
In Abu Dhabi, the official signing of a WPA for the Shuweihat S4 SWRO project is imminent, which will add another 70MIGD to the emirate’s installed water production capacity once complete.
The Shuweihat 4 plant will cater to potable water demand in Abu Dhabi’s Al-Dhafra region, a key focus of Abu Dhabi’s economic development plan.
The bidding process is also under way for two more SWRO plants in Abu Dhabi. The Hudayriat and Saadiyat RO plants, each with a capacity of 50MIGD, will be developed as one IWP contract.
Emirates Water & Electricity Company (Ewec) has not mandated the inclusion of a solar photovoltaic (PV) plant for its most recent IWP projects, as it did for the Taweelah RO plant in 2019. However, it will likely tap either solar or nuclear energy, or both, for its upcoming SWRO plants in line with its goal to halve its total carbon dioxide emissions to 22 million tonnes a year by 2035.
The northern Sharjah emirate is also procuring its first IWP. The planned Hamriyah SWRO plant will have a capacity of 90MIGD.
In addition to the utility clients, Abu Dhabi National Oil Company (Adnoc) has awarded the contract to develop the first phase of Project Wave, which aims to replace the aquifer water injection systems used to maintain reservoir pressure in Abu Dhabi's onshore oil fields.
The project is expected to reduce the water injection-related energy consumption of the oil fields by up to 30 per cent.
Wastewater
Dubai Municipality activated a major programme this year to develop deep tunnels and sewage treatment plants across the emirate. This long-term project could require an investment of up to AED80bn ($22bn).
Known as the Deep Tunnels Portfolio, the scheme will be developed as a public-private partnership (PPP) initiative and will expand the role of private companies in the emirate’s water infrastructure sector.
It involves the construction of two sets of deep tunnels terminating at two terminal pump stations located at sewerage treatment plants (STPs) in Warsan and Jebel Ali. A conventional sewage and drainage collection system and STPs will be built in Hatta. The scheme also includes recycled water distribution systems connected to the STPs.
Approved by Dubai’s Executive Council in June, the project has been designed to serve the needs of the Dubai population for the next 100 years in alignment with the Dubai Economic Agenda D33 and Dubai Urban Plan 2040.
In the UAE capital, Abu Dhabi Sustainable Water Solutions, formerly Abu Dhabi Sewerage Services Company, received bids for the contract to design, build and operate a planned TSE polishing plant in Al-Wathba earlier this year.
The plant is expected to have a design capacity of 700,000 cubic metres a day (cm/d), with the potential to expand this to 950,000 cm/d in a subsequent phase. The TSE facility will produce water for higher-end applications compared with TSE produced in a standard sewage treatment plant.
In addition to supporting the UAE’s long-term economic and demographic expansion, these water treatment projects also boost the country’s preferred circular carbon economy approach to energy transition.
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Commentary
Mark Dowdall
Power & water editorDubai Electricity & Water Authority (Dewa) is taking early steps towards procuring its second independent water producer (IWP) project, a signal that the utility may be further expanding its role from service provider to long-term utility asset developer.
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Operations and maintenance
The infrastructure market is not just about building new projects. As the region’s infrastructure ages, operations and maintenance (O&M) has become a central pillar of Parsons’ strategy, Santoni notes.
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The game is not just about building new infrastructure; it’s about making existing infrastructure perform better
“It’s not just physical infrastructure; it’s the management of all that through technology-enabled tools.”
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“We also signed two major contracts last year for confidential defence clients in Saudi Arabia to deliver infrastructure.”
Capacity crunch
As the industry faces a talent shortage, Santoni highlights Parsons’ internal mobility as a competitive advantage. While competitors have struggled with project transitions, Parsons has focused on relocating staff to sustain its growth.
“We did see a lot of people either exiting Saudi Arabia or relocating within,” Santoni says. “We have been very good at relocating people. This is one of our strengths. When projects changed pace, we made a conscious effort to relocate people, give them options and extend them on the job until something else came up. Last year alone, about 350 people were relocated internally within the region. We are still in hiring mode.”
Being a multidisciplinary firm present in several countries gives flexibility. “In Saudi Arabia, most of Parsons’ work has traditionally been project management consultancy (PMC), although we have had for a number of years now a growing design office in Riyadh with an offshoot in Dammam and one in Jeddah.
“We currently have almost 300 people in our design office in Saudi Arabia, which is slightly less than 10% of our workforce in the kingdom. The rest are doing PMC work. In Dubai, Abu Dhabi, Doha, it’s mostly the more traditional model of design and construction supervision work with some PMC,” says Santoni.
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