Saudi water begins next growth phase
10 March 2023

Saudi Arabia’s National Water Strategy 2030 continues to drive investments in the kingdom’s water desalination, treatment and distribution sector.
The strategy aims to reduce the water demand-supply gap and ensure desalinated water accounts for 90 per cent of the national urban supply to reduce reliance on non-renewable ground sources.
The need to boost the security of supply amid rising demand, volatile costs and increased compliance with sustainability goals is also driving project activity – particularly in terms of using more energy-efficient technologies to convert seawater into potable water – as well as improving storage capacity.
As of March, an estimated 2.66 million cubic metres a day (cm/d) of water desalination capacity is under construction by the main water utility provider Saline Water Conversion Corporation (SWCC) and state water offtaker Saudi Water Partnership Company (SWPC).
At least a further 2.4 million cm/d of capacity is under procurement using both the independent water producer (IWP) model, mainly through SWPC, and the engineering, procurement and construction (EPC) model, primarily via SWCC.
Following the award of successive IWP contracts in 2019-20, SWPC paced the award of new contracts and also tendered new jobs in 2021-22.
As in most sectors and geographies, the Covid-19 pandemic and war in Ukraine impacted project finance costs and inflation in Saudi Arabia, both particularly relevant to IWP projects.
New developments in the latter part of last year and the first few months of 2023, including the imminent award of the contract to develop the Rabigh 4 IWP, indicate that SWPC is reestablishing its projects momentum.
Similarly, there has been increased activity in water desalination EPC projects being procured by SWCC, such as the proposed seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) facilities in Shuaibah and Yanbu, which have a combined capacity of over 1 million cm/d.
These are in addition to the under-construction Jubail 2 SWRO plant, with a capacity of 1 million cm/d, and the 400,000 cm/d Shuqaiq 1 SWRO facility, whose main contracts were awarded in 2021 and 2020, respectively.
Along with meeting rising demand, these projects address the decarbonisation requirements of Saudi Arabia’s water sector, which the kingdom’s pledge last year to reach net-zero carbon emissions by 2060 has made more urgent.
This drive is highlighted by the Shuaibah 3 IWP project, for which a team led by Riyadh-headquartered utility developer Acwa Power won the directly-negotiated contract in 2022.
The 600,000 cm/d SWRO plant will replace the existing multi-stage flash (MSF)-based desalination unit that is being decommissioned in 2025 at the existing Shuaibah 3 independent water and power project (IWPP).
The Shuaibah 3 project was the lone IWP contract awarded by SWPC last year.
The same carbon emissions reduction incentive is driving the Yanbu 2 SWRO project. According to SWCC, the project aligns with improving the environmental impact of the desalination water unit of Yanbu phase 2.
Power & Water Utility Company for Jubail & Yanbu (Marafiq) owns the Yanbu 2 integrated water and power desalination plant, which came onstream in 2015. Like the Shuaibah 3 IWPP, the facility’s desalination unit utilises the older, energy-intensive MSF technology.
Saudi Arabia reinvigorates power sector
Other water PPP projects
The procurement processes are proceeding simultaneously for several independent sewage treatment plants (ISTP), water transmission pipelines and water reservoir facilities being overseen by SWPC across Saudi Arabia.
SWPC tendered the first scheme under the third round of its ISTP programme in November. The Al-Haer ISTP will have a design capacity of 200,000 cm/d.
The tender is also expected in the first half of the year for the two other schemes under batch three, the Riyadh East and Khamis Mushait ISTP schemes.
At least five other ISTP projects are in the planning stage.
In November, the Taif ISTP scheme, one of the first-round ISTP projects awarded in 2019, entered commercial operation.
SWPC has received three bids for its first water transmission pipeline public-private partnership (PPP) project, which links Rayis in Medina to Rabigh in Mecca, with prequalification under way for three similar schemes.
Bids are due in April for the contract to develop the kingdom’s first independent strategic water reservoir (ISWR) project. The Juranah ISWR project will be implemented in Mecca, using a build, own, operate and transfer model. The project includes a water reservoir and associated infrastructure and facilities.
It supports Saudi Arabia’s goal to increase municipal water storage capacity to an average of seven days by 2030. In addition, the government aims to increase water storage capacity to an equivalent of 20 days of Hajj demand in Mecca and 40 days of Hajj demand in Medina by 2022.
Two other IWTP schemes are planned for Mecca under SWPC’s 2020 seven-year planning statement.
Wastewater treatment
Over the past year, the kingdom’s chief wastewater collection and treatment firm, National Water Company (NWC), has tendered a series of contracts across governorates and provinces.
They include contracts for the construction of networks and pumping stations in Aziziyah in Mecca and other areas in Al-Khobar; three lifting stations and ejection lines with diameters of up to 700mm serving different areas in Jubail; and a sewage project in the King Fahd suburb in the Eastern Province and adjacent schemes west of Abu Hadriya Road in Dammam.
Requests for proposals (RFPs) have also been issued to complete sewage facilities in Al-Khafji governorate, West Safwa and Fayhaa.
These projects are part of NWC’s five-year, SR108bn ($29bn) investment plan for the kingdom’s water infrastructure. The latest five-year plan allocates an estimated SR39bn to Mecca, SR16bn to the Eastern Province and SR14.2bn to Riyadh.
The privatisation of NWC’s sewage treatment plant network is also being undertaken in parallel with improving its underlying infrastructure.
Under long-term operation and management (LTOM) agreements, private sector companies can bid to operate and upgrade water treatment plants.
The first package, for Mecca, was awarded in September 2022 to a team of the local Miahona and Thabat Construction Company. The rehabilitate-operate-transfer scheme is for 10 years and is valued at SR392m. Eight other packages are expected to be tendered under the LTOM programme.
MEED's April 2023 special report on Saudi Arabia also includes:
> CONSTRUCTION: Saudi construction project ramp-up accelerates
> UPSTREAM: Aramco slated to escalate upstream spending
> DOWNSTREAM: Petchems ambitions define Saudi downstream
> POWER: Saudi Arabia reinvigorates power sector
> BANKING: Saudi banks bid to keep ahead of the pack
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Egypt utility contracts hit $5bn decade peak9 February 2026

Egypt’s power and water sector had its strongest year in over a decade in 2025, hitting $5bn in contract awards for the first time since 2015. Power projects accounted for $4.2bn of the total, while water infrastructure awards rebounded to $823m after slumping to $128m the previous year.
Power contracts
In the power sector, the rise in major contract awards was led by wind, solar, waste-to-energy and transmission schemes. The most prominent award was the engineering, procurement and construction (EPC) contract for the 1.1GW Suez wind independent power project, secured by PowerChina.
The project is being developed by Suez Wind Energy, a special-purpose vehicle formed by Saudi Arabia’s Acwa and Egypt-based HAU Energy. Upon completion, it will be one of the largest onshore wind farms globally.
Despite dipping from the previous year, solar accounted for about $1bn of total awards.
Independent forecasts suggest Egypt’s renewable capacity could reach around 31.6GW and account for roughly 42% of the electricity mix by 2035, pointing to sustained growth in solar and wind.
In November, a consortium of local firms Hassan Allam Utilities and Infinity Power won contracts to develop two solar photovoltaic (PV) projects with a combined capacity of 1,200MW, supported by 720MWh of battery storage under agreements with the Ministry of Electricity & Renewable Energy and the Egyptian Electricity Transmission Company.
Meanwhile, a joint venture of China Energy Engineering Corporation and Jiangsu Power Design Institute was appointed main contractor for the country’s first waste-to-energy plant.
The Abu Rawash facility in Giza will process 1,200 tonnes of municipal waste a day to generate 30MW of electricity and is expected to begin operations in 2029.
Grid reinforcement also progressed with PowerChina awarded the EPC contract for lots two and three of the East Ismailia-Zagazig 500kV overhead transmission line, a 130-kilometre corridor crossing the Suez and Al-Sharqia governorates.
Project milestones
Beyond the main contract awards, several major projects passed key development stages.
In December, UAE’s Amea Power and Japan’s Kyuden International Corporation reached financial close on a $700m project comprising a 1,000MW solar plant and 600MWh battery system in Aswan. The scheme is backed by a $570m debt package led by the International Finance Corporation and is expected to become Africa’s largest single-asset solar and storage facility when it enters operation this year.
Amea also commissioned a separate 300MWh battery energy storage system in Aswan in July, integrated with its existing 500MW Abydos solar plant, marking Egypt’s first utility-scale storage deployment.
Hybrid projects have also seen increased investor interest, with France’s EDF Power Solutions recently acquiring a 20% stake in the 1.1GW Obelisk solar-battery scheme near Luxor, joining Scatec and Norfund as shareholders.
At El-Dabaa, the nuclear programme entered a new phase as Egypt placed its first fuel order with Rosatom and installed the initial VVER-1200 reactor pressure vessel for Unit 1. These steps mark the shift from civil construction to mechanical and systems installation, following the granting of construction permits for all four units between 2022 and 2023.
The focus of procurement is set to shift decisively towards water in the next 12 to 18 months, with $3.54bn of projects at the prequalification stage and $917m currently under bidding or bid evaluation
Water contracts
Egypt’s water sector showed early signs of recovery following a sharp slowdown the previous year. The largest award was secured in June by a joint venture of Hassan Allam Construction and Metito Utilities. It involves the Alexandria West wastewater treatment plant upgrade, which will convert the facility from primary to secondary treatment and lift capacity to 600,000 cubic metres a day (cm/d) through new sludge digestion, biogas and process units.
Hassan also won the main contract for the $150m Abu Qir seawater reverse osmosis plant, adding 80,000 cm/d of potable supply, as part of a consortium with Water & Environment Technologies Company (Wetico).
Further awards were led by local contractors including Intech, a Hassan Allam Holding subsidiary, appointed to deliver the EPC works for the Marsa Matrouh extension, doubling capacity to 60,000 cm/d.
Among international contractors, Kuwait’s Mohammed Abdulmohsin Al-Kharafi & Sons secured the main contract for the $104m Tanta rehabilitation project in Gharbia, delivering 100,000 cm/d of new treatment capacity.
Shift in focus
The focus of procurement is set to shift decisively towards water in the next 12 to 18 months, with $3.54bn of projects at the prequalification stage and $917m currently under bidding or bid evaluation.
Egypt is among the region’s most water-constrained countries, with demand exceeding renewable supply by about 7 billion cubic metres a year and per-capita availability of roughly 500 cubic metres, far below the international scarcity threshold.
As of February 2026, almost $500m-worth of water infrastructure contracts are under main bidding, including the $157m fourth extension of the Giza wastewater treatment plant, led by Construction Authority for Potable Water and Wastewater (CAPW).
The project will add 400,000 cm/d of treatment capacity to supply recycled water for the Barakat drainage system and support 29,000 acres of irrigation. The contract was recently retendered, with bids due by 30 March.
In the medium-to-long term, the scale of schemes moving through prequalification suggests Egypt could be on the cusp of a major upswing in water investment.
The pipeline is led by projects such as the Hammam desalination plant on the North Coast, the New Alamein and Matrouh seawater schemes, and new wastewater treatment and reuse facilities linked to agricultural development zones.
If a meaningful share of these $3.54bn projects moves into main tendering, annual water awards would likely surpass recent years and begin to rebalance a utilities market dominated by the power sector.
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Egypt nears return to economic stability9 February 2026

After a torrid few years characterised by seismic exogenous challenges – from the collapse in traffic through the Suez Canal through to spiralling inflation – the mood in Cairo heading into 2026 is notably more relaxed over its economic prospects.
Policymakers have reason to be satisfied with the turn of events. Inflation in late 2025 slipped to its lowest level in four years, at 12.3%, amid falling food prices. More good news is likely this year, as the Central Bank of Egypt (CBE) anticipates inflation halving to just 7% in late 2026.
One straw in the wind, indicative of a more confident economic disposition, came with the settling of long-standing arrears owed to international oil companies active in Egypt. A receivables bill that once stood at $6bn has been reduced to just over $1bn as the government moves to incentivise investment in its upstream oil and gas sector.
GDP growth is on course to reach around 5% this year, and tourism numbers are surging – bringing with them much-needed hard currency. Meanwhile, non-oil exports increased 17% to almost $49bn in 2025, supporting a slimming of the trade deficit by 9 percentage points to $34.4bn.
Analysts see stronger growth dynamics in play this year.
“Even the Central Bank is saying we are very close to full throttle for the economy. Inflation is cooling, and we expect it to reach single digits by Q4 of this year. That should give the CBE scope for another 500 basis points of monetary easing for this year,” says Pieter du Preez, senior economist at Oxford Economics.
The current deposit rate stands at 20%, leaving plenty more room for growth-supportive interest rate cuts to come.
By 2027, says Du Preez, Egypt should be witnessing the return of monetary policy stability.
“Fiscal stability is the big question,” he says. “The latest figures show the fiscal deficit is a bit narrower, but the biggest drag on the fiscal side is still interest payments, which are about 50% of expenditures and 75% of revenues. Most countries seeing that would go into default immediately.”
Dodging default
There are solid reasons why Egypt has not gone into default mode. The IMF noted an impressive 35% increase in tax revenues in the July-November 2025 period, through reforms to widen the tax base, improve voluntary tax compliance, and streamline exemptions. Ratings agency Moody’s noted that this was the result of IMF-backed reforms stimulating tax collection. The net result was a record fiscal surplus of 3.3% of GDP in the financial year ending June 2025.
Debt reduction targets are also being met, with a debt-to-GDP ratio of 80% anticipated by June 2026 – a reduction from 96% two years prior.
Cairo has been further helped by some lucrative land sales in recent years, including Abu Dhabi’s landmark $35bn Ras El-Hekma real estate project, and the Qatar-backed Alam Al-Roum real estate project, which could involve investments of up to $29.7bn.
The reaching in late December 2025 of a staff-level agreement with the IMF on the fifth and sixth reviews under the Extended Fund Facility arrangement, part of an $8bn loan agreement, came as another confidence booster.
That still leaves some major challenges that need to be overcome if Cairo is to attract investment beyond big-ticket Gulf projects.
“The questions start flagging for 2027, post the IMF deal. We’ve seen this before. After the IMF programme ends, they revert back to old ways, managing the exchange rate and borrowing,” says Du Preez.
Some support will come from a stronger pound and weaker dollar, and a subsiding in the regional conflict that led to Egypt losing some $20bn through disruption to Suez Canal traffic. Tourism income is set to reach $17.8bn this year.
A recharging of the flagging Egyptian privatisation programme, something the IMF in particular is keen to see progress on, would add substance to the government’s efforts.
“There will probably be a pickup again in privatisation this year, given that it will be given much more emphasis in the up-and-coming reviews. And we’ll probably see a few more subsidy cuts,” says Du Preez.
Banking bonus
The more supportive macro picture should have positive impacts on Egypt’s banking sector. Ratings agency S&P released in early February a banking outlook that envisaged increased private sector investment, along with sustained momentum within the tourism sector, and a loosening monetary policy. These would provide tailwinds to lending expansion, which it sees reaching about 25% in 2026.
Bank lending has increased by 30% annually since March 2025, though that reflects inflationary impacts and currency fluctuations.
The ratings agency warned that the strong lending growth will not be sufficient to compensate for the impact of declining interest rates on profitability. S&P warned the sector’s return on equity will decline to about 20% in 2026 – from a peak of 39% in 2024, attributable to the adverse impacts of lower interest on banks’ income statements.
Despite the strong credit growth, analysts warn it is also fuelling the “crowding out” effect that has seen state-linked companies absorb too high a proportion of bank loans, leaving less credit to spare for private businesses.
That situation may be changing. “There’s less need for banks to buy government debt directly. And with the overall debt burden falling as a share of GDP, there’s less need to actually buy debt in general, and that should free up more resources as well,” says James Swanston, Mena economist at consultancy Capital Economics.
The upside for Egyptian banks is that their higher exposure to the government is better for their overall risk dynamic than exposure to equivalent private sector borrowers.
“Certainly capital buffer-wise, banks are in a better place than they have been in recent years. Non-performing loans (NPLs) have come down,” says Swanston, although changes in the definition of what constitutes an NPL might change this.
“At the same time, there is an economy that is improving, so even if the NPL ratio does rise, it’s not going to spell disaster for the Egyptian banking sector,” says Swanston.
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WEBINAR: GCC Data Centres Market 20269 February 2026
Webinar: GCC Data Centres Market 2026
Tuesday 24 February | 11:00 GST | Register now
Agenda:
- Overview: Economic diversification, industrialisation, localisation and AI agendas
- Data and AI strategies, regulations and framework
- Data centre projects overview, pipeline and investments by country
- Key trends and analysis: current and future capacity, construction cost per MW
- GCC data centre top unawarded projects
- GCC top clients, contractors, personalities
- Data centre energy requirements, technologies and carbon footprint mitigation
- Summary
- Q&A session
Hosted by: Edward James, head of content and analysis at MEED
A well-known and respected thought leader in Mena affairs, Edward James has been with MEED for more than 19 years, working as a researcher, consultant and content director. Today he heads up all content and research produced by the MEED group. His specific areas of expertise are construction, hydrocarbons, power and water, and the petrochemicals market. He is considered one of the world’s foremost experts on the Mena projects market. He is a regular guest commentator on Middle East issues for news channels such as the BBC, CNN and ABC News and is a regular speaker at events in the region. https://image.digitalinsightresearch.in/uploads/NewsArticle/15608655/main.gif -
Dubai extends bid deadline for sewerage tunnels links contract9 February 2026

Dubai Municipality has extended the bid submission deadline for the Phase 2 Links package under the Dubai Strategic Sewerage Tunnels (DSST) public-private partnership (PPP) project.
The DSST scheme is one of Dubai’s largest planned infrastructure PPPs, with an estimated total cost of about AED80bn ($22bn).
The new bid submission deadline for Phase 2 Links is 30 June. The initial deadline was 30 April.
Phase 2 Links is the third package to be tendered by the municipality’s sewerage and recycled water projects department, following J and W, which opened for bidding in November.
According to sources, the evaluation of technical bids for these packages is complete, with the commercial bids to be opened this week.
The main contracts for J and W are expected to be awarded in April.
The three packages cover construction works that were previously categorised under the Warsan Strategic Tunnel Scheme (Package W) and the Jebel Ali Strategic Sewerage Scheme (J1 North, J2 South, J3 Jebel Ali Links).
These packages have now been restructured and renamed.
The project masterplan comprises over 200 kilometres of sewer links as well as the construction of two sets of deep tunnels terminating at terminal pump stations at Warsan and Jebel Ali Sewage Treatment Plants (STPs).
The request for proposals (RFP) for Phase 2 Links was issued to prequalified developers “pursuant to the PPP request for qualifications dated 24 July 2024” and “the PPP request for qualifications refresher dated 19 September 2025”, the municipality said.
In September last year, Dubai Municipality launched a refresher request for qualifications for the second package of the DSST project.
The update applied to developers that were originally shortlisted under the first prequalification process.
Under the scope of work, the appointed developer will be responsible for the development, financing, design, engineering, and procurement of the links package.
It will also manage supply, manufacturing, testing, construction, erection, installation and commissioning works.
Additionally, the scope includes warranty, insurance, ownership, operation, maintenance and handback, the municipality said.
READ THE FEBRUARY 2026 MEED BUSINESS REVIEW – click here to view PDFSpending on oil and gas production surges; Doha’s efforts support extraordinary growth in 2026; Water sector regains momentum in 2025.
Distributed to senior decision-makers in the region and around the world, the February 2026 edition of MEED Business Review includes:
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Coastal destinations are a boon to Egyptian construction9 February 2026

Egypt’s construction industry is poised for significant growth on the back of two large-scale schemes worth a combined $50bn that were announced last year.
The key projects set to drive future growth are the $29.7bn North Coast development by Qatari Diar, the real estate arm of Qatar’s sovereign wealth fund, and the $19bn Red Sea Marassi project on Egypt’s Hurghada coast, being developed by Emaar Misr and City Stars.
These large-scale, multi-phased schemes are expected to provide further impetus to a market that in 2024 also saw the launch of the $24bn Ras El-Hekma project, a 170-million-square-metre (sq m) development announced by Abu Dhabi-based holding company ADQ.
Market performance
The projects are a much-needed boon in an otherwise declining market. In 2025, contract awards in Egypt’s construction and infrastructure sectors fell by 35% year-on-year, with total awards amounting to just $10bn.
The decline marked a deepening slowdown following a boom in 2022, when construction and transport contract awards reached a record $23bn, before sliding to $15.6bn in 2023, according to MEED Projects.
The prolonged contraction in project activity has reshaped contractor behaviour. Faced with a thinning domestic pipeline, Egyptian firms have increasingly looked beyond their home market, with Saudi Arabia emerging as the clear beneficiary.
Since the start of 2022, Egyptian contractors have secured more than $40bn in work in Saudi Arabia, underscoring their growing role in the kingdom’s expansive projects market. Leading players include Orascom Construction, Petrojet, Enppi, Elsewedy and Hassan Allam Construction.
Future prospects
With a pipeline of more than $110bn-worth of construction and infrastructure projects, Egypt offers potential that could entice contractors to return in the medium to long term.
The most advanced of these schemes is the Ras El-Hekma project. The development involves constructing a new state-of-the-art city on the Ras El-Hekma peninsula, west of Alexandria, between Marsa Matrouh and the city of New Alamein.
The project’s scope includes residential districts, hotels, resorts, entertainment venues and service facilities such as hospitals, schools and universities. Plans also feature administrative buildings, an economic free zone for the information technology sector, logistics hubs, a business district and a marina.
Activity has stepped up recently. In January, Modon tendered several contracts for the first phase of development at Ras El-Hekma. These cover construction work across five packages that are expected to cost several billion Egyptian pounds.
Modon Holding also awarded a $316m contract in January for one of the packages to the local firm Orascom Construction.
With an initial investment of $24bn, the Ras El-Hekma project represents a significant financial infusion into Egypt’s struggling economy. The development is expected to provide an immediate stimulus to the construction industry and related sectors, with Egyptian contractors and real estate developers set to play key roles in the project’s development and operation.
The other large-scale scheme expected to make progress is the Red Sea Marassi project. Design work for the project’s initial phase is complete, and tendering for the main construction works is expected to begin shortly.
The development spans more than 10 square kilometres (sq km) and is located near Hurghada International airport. It features a 1.5-kilometre beachfront, 400 metres of sea docks, 12 hotels and more than 500 retail facilities.
The Qatar-backed North Coast development, meanwhile, is expected to enter the market in the near future. The development, featuring residential assets, hotels, schools, universities and leisure facilities, will span an area of about 20 sq km in the Alamein Al-Roum area.
Transport pipeline
The most immediate transport infrastructure project anticipated to move ahead is the addition of a fourth terminal at Cairo International airport. Egypt completed the project’s financial and technical studies last year. Upon completion, the new terminal is expected to increase the airport’s capacity to 60 million passengers a year.
Beyond aviation, the transport pipeline is dominated by plans to expand Egypt’s railway and urban transit networks. According to the National Authority for Tunnels (NAT), eight major schemes covering metro, high-speed rail and light rail transit (LRT) are currently at the study stage.
The first of these is the extension of Cairo Metro Line 1 from El-Marg North to Shubra El-Kheima. The scheme will span about 19km and include 14 stations.
Another major proposal is Cairo Metro Line 6, a 34km-long line running parallel to Line 1. The route will run north-south through Greater Cairo, linking Shubra El-Kheima and New Maadi, and terminating at the start of Ain El-Sokhna Road at Al-Khosos.
Plans are also in place for Line 4 of the high-speed rail network, which will extend from Port Said to Abu Qir in Alexandria. In parallel, NAT is studying further phases of Cairo Metro Line 4.
Additional projects under consideration include phase five of the LRT system linking Cairo with the New Administrative Capital and 10 Ramadan City, and phase five of Cairo Metro Line 3.
The pipeline also includes the rehabilitation and maintenance of Cairo Metro Line 2, as well as a proposed line extending from the end of the second phase of Cairo Metro Line 4 at Al-Rehab to Cairo International airport.
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