meed-logo

line1 line2 line3
SIGN IN / REGISTER

Saudi demand-supply imbalance needs action

26 January 2024

Some $879bn-worth of giga projects are planned in Saudi Arabia, of which about $50bn has been awarded to date, according to regional projects tracker MEED Projects.

The data shows that 2023 was a record year for projects in Saudi Arabia. 

However, the extensive scope of work associated with these projects has exposed the challenges of scaling up the local construction supply chain fast enough to meet the surge in demand.

With projects launching in quick succession, suppliers, contractors and subcontractors are struggling to keep up with the influx of new work into the market.

Riad Bsaibes, president and CEO of Amana Investments, says this shortage of resources is a critical issue, stating, “There is currently a bottleneck in the entire supply chain, from human capital and materials to subcontractors and general contractors.”

Moreover, the construction sector faces significant execution risks.

While some projects are subject to delays, efforts to accelerate others are exerting pressure on timelines and budgets. 

Highlighting the disparity, Bsaibes notes, “This mismatch is leading to delays as schedules stretch out and costs rise above original tender amounts. This creates risks for contractors if they cannot deliver projects on schedule or within the costs estimated during the tendering process.”

Career investment

The launch of Saudi Arabia's Vision 2030 has spurred an era of growth and investment. The surge in construction projects aligns with the kingdom's goals, positively impacting employment opportunities. 

Yet recruiting top local and expatriate talent across large-scale projects is becoming a challenge in Saudi Arabia, according to Bsaibes.

He acknowledges that attracting and retaining skilled workers is getting more difficult with time, stating: “This is particularly challenging due to the scale of expansion, coupled with the pressure of Saudi Arabia’s nationalisation policies that encourage contractors to recruit qualified Saudi nationals.”

As well as focusing on hiring practices, companies must also commit to nurturing and enhancing skills over time.

Continuous upskilling is crucial in the construction industry, where new technologies, techniques and regulations frequently emerge, requiring employees to adapt and stay relevant.

Bsaibes advocates a strategic approach to talent management that involves upskilling the existing workforce before hiring new talent.

He recommends a hands-on approach to learning and improving skills.

“A core part of skills development at Amana includes on-the-job training for all employees,” he adds.

“Skills development must extend to developing competency in cutting-edge technologies such as building information modelling (BIM), modular construction and other digital tools. This long-term effort should be a key priority for firms.

“Continuous learning and development are very important throughout an employee’s career, starting from their initial entry into the construction workforce.”

Bsaibes further highlights the significance of internships in providing candidates with practical experience before taking on permanent positions. 

This approach aims to facilitate a smoother onboarding process for individuals entering the workforce, ensuring they are well-prepared for new roles.

“Companies should invest in the professional development of their employees,” he says. “This could include training programmes, workshops and educational initiatives aimed at enhancing the skills, knowledge and capabilities of the workforce.”

Credit challenge

Access to credit is another major issue in the construction sector. A strong financial profile enhances borrowing capacity and facilitates the smooth execution of projects by ensuring a steady flow of financial resources.

Addressing credit concerns is, therefore, essential for construction firms. 

Bsaibes recommends adhering to a strategic financial approach, opting to retain significant cash reserves instead of incurring debt.

“This approach not only facilitates self-financing for projects when necessary, but also serves as collateral for the letters of guarantee frequently demanded in construction contracts. 

“Moreover, it provides the company with the flexibility to navigate through any payment delays without succumbing to financial distress.

“Amana has a strong balance sheet and well-established banking relationships,” he adds. “Banks view Amana as low risk due to its solid cash reserves and strong track record of on-time payments across different regions/currencies.”

In contrast, Bsaibes points out that many other contractors struggle due to insufficient cash flow management and weaker balance sheets. 

“Maintaining high cash levels on its balance sheet is a fundamental goal for Amana.”

Strong working capital allows the contractor to be selective in bidding for projects, avoiding low-margin work while still securing sizable contracts.

“Additionally, we have a positive history with lenders, which allows Amana to support its operations and capitalise on growth opportunities.”

Incentivising growth

Clearly, there is a need for industry-wide improvements.

Bsaibes says the most impactful change would be longer-term transparency across developers’ project pipelines. 

“This approach contrasts with the unpredictable, stop-start demand cycles currently prevalent in the industry. 

“It involves providing the supply chain with visibility into funding-backed plans over a three to five-year period. Such transparency is crucial for better resource planning and timely project delivery,” he adds.

Bsaibes also emphasises the importance of incentivising suppliers, subcontractors and contractors to scale up their capacity. “This will help them grow in a coordinated manner through financial/regulatory support from the government.”

Another area of improvement is the digitisation of government processes, although Bsaibes notes that progress is already being made.

Bsaibes also calls for changes in Saudi Arabia’s regulatory environment.

The continued maturation of Saudi Arabia’s evolving regulatory framework will reduce the complexities faced by international firms. Yet, greater alignment with global construction norms will stimulate competition and investment in the kingdom’s expanding market.

According to Bsaibes, transitioning contract law closer to international standards, such as those outlined by the standards organisation International Federation of Consulting Engineers (FIDIC), would significantly mitigate risks for new market entrants. Presently, the reliance on sharia law introduces an element of unpredictability into obligations, he says.

To achieve this, he recommends adopting contract laws aligned with common law systems, such as the UK’s, to provide foreign suppliers and partners with a clearer understanding of their obligations.

Bsaibes concludes that while the continued evolution of Saudi Arabia’s regulatory environment will take time, gradual alignment with international construction norms will ultimately ease risks and costs for both local and global industry players.

https://image.digitalinsightresearch.in/uploads/NewsArticle/11449096/main4309.jpeg
Sarah Rizvi

Register for MEED's guest program now to access this article.

Click here to register
Exclusive from Meed
Related Articles
  • Egypt seeks consultant for major inland waterway study

    18 November 2025

    Egypt’s Transport Ministry has issued an expressions of interest (EOI) request, through the River Transport Authority, to appoint a consultancy firm for a study on a proposed inland waterway linking Lake Victoria to the Mediterranean.

    The consultant will carry out basin-wide data collection and prepare a strategic environmental and social assessment for the project.

    The assignment includes hydrological, topographic, bathymetric and geotechnical surveys across the Nile Basin.

    The consultancy is expected to run for about 15 months, starting in February or March 2026.

    Firms must submit EOIs by 6 December.

    The study forms part of the Vic-Med project, a multi-country plan to establish a continuous inland waterway from Lake Victoria to the Mediterranean Sea.

    The masterplan project aims to reduce transport costs for landlocked countries and provide a lower-carbon alternative to road freight along the Nile corridor

    The work is part of phase two, part one of the feasibility study, funded through a $2m grant from the New Partnership for Africa's Development – Infrastructure Project Preparation Facility (NEPAD–IPPF), the African Development Bank’s (AfDB) fund for early-stage project development.

    The first phase, completed in July 2019 with $650,000 in AfDB funding, developed the project’s legal and institutional framework and launched two regional inland water transport programmes.

    The second phase, valued at $11.7m, covers updated feasibility studies and expanded technical assessments supporting detailed engineering design and cost-benefit analysis in the next stage. 

    This phase also covers the establishment of a regional operating unit for the project in Cairo.

    READ THE NOVEMBER 2025 MEED BUSINESS REVIEW – click here to view PDF

    Mena players up the ante in global LNG production race; Investment takes UAE non-oil economy from strength to strength; Project finance activity draws international lenders back to market

    Distributed to senior decision-makers in the region and around the world, the November 2025 edition of MEED Business Review includes:
    To see previous issues of MEED Business Review, please click here
    https://image.digitalinsightresearch.in/uploads/NewsArticle/15108707/main.jpg
    Mark Dowdall
  • Kuwait to make decision on four oil pipeline packages

    18 November 2025

     

    Kuwait is evaluating bids on four packages for a major pipeline project after prices were submitted earlier this month, according to industry sources.

    The four separate packages cover pipeline work in the north, south, east and west regions of the country, sources said.

    Although the total of all bids submitted by Kuwait-based Alghanim International General Trading & Contracting is the lowest at KD419m ($1.4bn), the company submitted the lowest individual bid on only one package, located in northern Kuwait.

    Its bid for the north Kuwait package was KD149.8m ($488.3m).

    Mechanical Engineering & Construction Company submitted the lowest bids for pipeline work on two packages located in the south and east of the country. 

    Both of these bids were valued at KD97,868,394 ($319m).

    Al-Dar Engineering & Construction Company is the low bidder on the fourth package, for pipe work in western Kuwait, submitting a bid of KD64,825,398 ($211.3m).

    Together, all four contracts are expected to be worth about $1.4bn when awarded.

    The scope of all four packages focuses on developing new flowlines and connecting pipelines for oil-producing wells and water wells.

    In some cases, companies are also required to replace old flowlines.

    The contracts are based on work orders, so when KOC needs to connect wells it will issue a request for work execution, industry sources said. 

    Kuwait is trying to boost project activity in its upstream sector.

    The country’s national oil company, Kuwait Petroleum Corporation, is aiming to increase oil production capacity to 4 million barrels a day (b/d) by 2035.

    In August, Kuwait announced that it was producing 3.2 million b/d.

    Earlier this month, KOC said it was planning to spend KD1.2bn ($3.92bn) on its exploration drilling programme through 2030.

    https://image.digitalinsightresearch.in/uploads/NewsArticle/15106496/main.png
    Wil Crisp
  • Indian firm wins Oman chemicals project EPC contract

    17 November 2025

    Register for MEED’s 14-day trial access 

    Indian contractor Nuberg EPC has won a contract to perform engineering, procurement and construction (EPC) works on a project to build chlor alkali and calcium chloride plants in Oman for privately-owned Al-Ghaith Chemical Industries.

    The project involves expanding Al-Ghaith’s existing chlor alkali plant in Sur Industrial City, by adding 120 tonnes a day (t/d) of capacity, taking the unit’s total output capacity to 190 t/d. The project also involves building a calcium chloride plant that will have a production capacity of 80 t/d.

    Nuberg EPC said the contract is being executed on a lump sum turnkey basis, with its scope covering design, front-end engineering and design (feed), detailed engineering, procurement, fabrication, construction, commissioning and handover.

    Project execution is already under way, with completion targeted within 19 months, Nuberg EPC said.

    The project marks the second phase of Al-Ghaith’s integrated chemicals complex in Sur and represents a first-of-its-kind large-scale chlor alkali expansion in Oman.

    Nuberg EPC also performed EPC works on the original chlor alkali plant, which has a capacity of 70 t/d.

    In addition to the Oman project, Al-Ghaith has, in the previous decade, also brought on board Nuberg EPC for its chlor alkali and calcium chloride plants in Abu Dhabi. Those contracts covered the commissioning of a 60 t/d chlor alkali plant that was later expanded to 120 t/d, and the execution of a 125 t/d calcium chloride plant and a 50 t/d carbon dioxide plant.

    Nuberg EPC has also executed the expansion of a 45 t/d chlor alkali plant and a greenfield 80 t/d calcium chloride plant for Oman Chlorine in Sohar, increasing the total chlor alkali output capacity to 75 t/d.

    https://image.digitalinsightresearch.in/uploads/NewsArticle/15104096/main5048.jpg
    Indrajit Sen
  • Egypt starts production from strategic gas field

    17 November 2025

    Egypt has started gas production from the West Burullus field in the Mediterranean Sea, after connecting the first wells to the national gas grid, according to a statement from the country’s Petroleum & Mineral Resources Ministry.

    Productivity testing showed an output rate approaching 45 million cubic feet a day (cf/d).

    Kareem Badawi, Egypt’s Petroleum & Mineral Resources Minister, said he intends to accelerate development of the field and confirmed that work is under way to connect two additional wells, with the aim of increasing production to 75 million cf/d in the coming months.

    He added that the ministry aims to cut the county’s gas import bill by boosting domestic production.

    The operator of the concession is Cheiron, an Egyptian independent exploration and production company.

    Egypt’s oil ministry said in its statement that the West Burullus field development project represents a model for future integrated projects and investment plans.

    It said that a range of domestic and foreign companies are involved in bringing the field into production.

    In February, a banking consortium led by Banque du Caire, alongside Arab International Bank, Al-Baraka Bank Egypt and Saib Bank, arranged $75m in syndicated medium-term financing for Cheiron Egypt Delta, a subsidiary of the Cheiron Group.

    This financing will help cover part of the investment costs for the gas field development project.

    At the time, Cheiron said that the financing will provide up to 45.5% of the total $165m investment required for the project.

    READ THE NOVEMBER 2025 MEED BUSINESS REVIEW – click here to view PDF

    Mena players up the ante in global LNG production race; Investment takes UAE non-oil economy from strength to strength; Project finance activity draws international lenders back to market

    Distributed to senior decision-makers in the region and around the world, the November 2025 edition of MEED Business Review includes:
    To see previous issues of MEED Business Review, please click here
    https://image.digitalinsightresearch.in/uploads/NewsArticle/15102295/main3406.jpg
    Wil Crisp
  • Major Iraq refinery project stalls

    17 November 2025

     

    Construction has yet to start on Iraq’s Al-Faw Investment Refinery project due to a range of problems, according to industry sources.

    In May last year, a statement released by the Iraqi Prime Minister’s Office said that Iraq’s state-owned Southern Refineries Company and China National Chemical Engineering Company (CNCEC) had signed a contract to develop the project.

    Iraq’s Oil Ministry previously said the project would be worth $7bn-$8bn.

    One source said: “This project is failing to make progress despite the efforts of senior political figures in the country.”

    A meeting was chaired by Iraqi Prime Minister Mohammed Shia Al-Sudani in August this year to discuss and try to resolve the problems that are stopping the commencement of construction, according to industry sources.

    It is believed that financing remains a key obstacle for the project.

    The Al-Faw project is part of the Iraqi government’s plan to increase Iraq’s refining capacities, attract foreign investment and increase the production of petroleum products domestically.

    The refinery will have a capacity of 300,000 barrels a day and will produce oil derivatives for both domestic and international markets.

    The project will be carried out in two stages.

    The first phase will involve refining operations, while the second will involve constructing a petrochemicals complex with a capacity of 3 million tonnes a year.

    The project also includes the construction of a 2,000MW power plant and the establishment of the Al-Faw Academy for Refinery Technology, to train 5,000 Iraqi workers that will eventually work at the facility.

    Hualu, a subsidiary of CNCEC, signed a preliminary principles agreement for the project in December 2021.

    At the time, Iraq’s Oil Ministry said that the project would have a value of $7bn-$8bn.

    Due to material price inflation since December 2021, some insiders believe that the project value may now be significantly higher.

    READ THE NOVEMBER 2025 MEED BUSINESS REVIEW – click here to view PDF

    Mena players up the ante in global LNG production race; Investment takes UAE non-oil economy from strength to strength; Project finance activity draws international lenders back to market

    Distributed to senior decision-makers in the region and around the world, the November 2025 edition of MEED Business Review includes:
    To see previous issues of MEED Business Review, please click here
    https://image.digitalinsightresearch.in/uploads/NewsArticle/15102287/main.jpg
    Wil Crisp