meed-logo

line1 line2 line3
SIGN IN / REGISTER

Saudi Arabia plans $1 trillion capital

26 July 2023

 

Register for MEED's guest programme 

In late June, a Saudi delegation led by Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman visited Paris to present Riyadh’s bid for hosting Expo 2030 to the Bureau International des Expositions.

The reveal of the masterplan for the $7.8bn Expo site is the latest move by Riyadh to make the Saudi capital one of the world’s top 10 cities with a population of 15-20 million. 

Prince Mohammed set out the objectives in January 2021. “Our target is to have Riyadh become one of the top 10 largest city economies in the world.

“Today it is ranked among the top 40 largest city economies worldwide. Our target is to increase its population from 7.5 million to around 15-20 million in 2030,” he said in a broadcast interview with former Italian Prime Minister Matteo Renzi. 

Prince Mohammed explained the rationale for doubling the size of Riyadh. “There is no doubt that the world economies are not only based on countries but rather cities. Eighty-five per cent of the world economy comes from cities, and in the next few years, this number will increase to 95 per cent.” 

Riyadh’s assets

Developing Riyadh will build on its existing strengths. “Riyadh has very special features. Today Riyadh represents about 50 per cent of the non-oil economy in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia,” said Prince Mohammed. 

“The cost of job creation is 30 per cent less than in other cities in Saudi Arabia. The cost of infrastructure and real estate development is 29 per cent less.”

Heading off any questions about Riyadh’s ability to deliver such ambitious plans, Prince Mohammed referred to the city’s historical growth.

“The infrastructure is already quite outstanding because of the work done by King Salman over a period of more than 58 years, during which he managed to grow a city of 150,000 residents into a metropolis of 7.5 million people,” he said. 

Turning these plans into reality will require massive investment. Speaking at the Expo presentation in June, Minister of Investment Khalid al-Falih revealed that $1tn of investment is planned for the Saudi capital. He said Saudi Vision 2030 targets national-level investments of over $3.3tn by the end of the decade, with at least 30 per cent allocated to the city of Riyadh. 

Construction boom

Riyadh is already experiencing an uptick in construction activity, according to data from regional projects tracker MEED Projects. Since bottoming out in 2017 during the austerity-driven years following the 2014 collapse in oil prices, the annual total of contract awards has been steadily climbing.

In 2022, there were $12.2bn in contract awards, the highest on record since 2013, when there were $32bn of awards. The total in 2013 was boosted by the $23bn of contract awards signed in one day for the Riyadh metro. Without those awards, 2022 would be Riyadh’s best year for project activity.

There were $12.2bn of awards in 2022, the highest since 2013

More awards are expected. There are nearly $9bn of contracts at the bid evaluation stage, which, if awarded this year, will push the annual total to over $20bn. Looking further ahead, there are another $9bn of contracts at the bidding stage and $6bn at prequalification. There are $110bn in design and $60bn under study. 

The future pipeline includes some of the most ambitious projects to be launched in Saudi Arabia over the past year.

In February, New Murabba Development Company was launched to develop the world’s largest modern downtown on 19 square kilometres of land at the intersection of King Salman and King Khalid roads to the northwest of the city. The project includes the cube-shaped Mukaab building, which will be 400 metres high, 400 metres wide and 400 metres long.

Contractors win New Murabba early works deals

In November last year, King Salman International airport was launched. If completed on time in 2030, it will become the world’s largest airport in terms of passenger capacity, accommodating up to 120 million passengers by 2030 and 185 million by 2050. It will cover an area of about 57 square kilometres, allowing for six parallel runways.

There are also projects that have not yet been announced. The Public Investment Fund is understood to be close to appointing an architect for a 2-kilometre-tall tower in the north of the city. Once the project is completed, it will be more than double the height of the world’s tallest building: Dubai’s 828-metre-tall Burj Khalifa.

Another major building programme could emerge if Riyadh succeeds in its bid to host football’s Fifa World Cup in 2030 with Egypt and Greece. 

These projects will join others that have moved into construction over the past few years, such as Diriyah Gate, King Salman Park, Sports Boulevard, Roshn’s Sedra and Warefa developments, Saudi Entertainment Ventures’ Exit 10 and Exit 15 projects and Qiddiya entertainment city. 

As the project workload builds, the race to deliver has started. Competition for resources has risen, putting upward pressure on prices. In its latest global construction costs report, UK consultant Turner & Townsend said the Riyadh market is already overheating and will warm further in the future. 

With so much activity pinned on Vision 2030 and possibly Expo 2030 and the 2030 World Cup, there are questions about what comes next. Unlike Doha after the 2022 World Cup, and to a lesser extent Dubai Expo, there are more major events coming to Riyadh, including the 2034 Asian Games, which it secured in December 2020.

Main image credit: Riyadh Expo 2030

https://image.digitalinsightresearch.in/uploads/NewsArticle/11030775/main.gif
Colin Foreman

Register for MEED's guest program now to access this article.

Click here to register
Exclusive from Meed
Related Articles
  • Focus shifts to delivery of Iraq utilities expansion

    12 May 2026

     

    Iraq’s power and water sector recorded its largest year of investment on record in 2025, with more than $17bn in combined contract awards.

    Several long-planned water infrastructure schemes finally reached contract award stage amid mounting supply pressures in the south of the country and a growing reliance on new desalination projects.

    Iraq awarded $10bn-worth of water infrastructure contracts between January 2025 and May 2026, according to regional projects tracker MEED Projects.

    This compares with just $1.8bn in total awards across 2022, 2023 and 2024, when only one seawater desalination plant reached the contract award stage.

    Desalination projects

    Attention is now turning to the delivery phase of new plants led by a series of major desalination and water treatment projects in Basra governorate.

    In February, Iraqi officials said the flagship $2.42bn Basra seawater desalination plant could be financed through the Iraqi-Chinese Fund, weeks after the main engineering, procurement and construction (EPC) contract was awarded to PowerChina.

    Located on the Arabian Gulf coast in Al-Faw, the plant is designed to produce 1 million cubic metres a day (cm/d) of potable water. The project also includes a water transmission network supplying 11 cities and a dedicated 300MW power plant.

    Baghdad had earlier announced plans for four additional desalination plants across the province in July 2025. These include the Shatt Al-Arab plant, planned to produce 120,000 cm/d of desalinated water, and the Al-Faw and Al-Siba plants, each with a capacity of 72,000 cm/d.

    The joint venture of Baghdad-headquartered Al-Rida Investment Group and PowerChina has been appointed as the main contractor for each project, with construction expected to begin in the third quarter of 2026.

    Additional schemes include the $72m Safwan desalination plant and the $70m Abu Flous desalination project. Abu Flous is being undertaken by the Ministry of Water Resources and is designed to have a capacity of 72,000 cm/d.

    The push to advance new projects follows warnings issued last year by Iraq’s High Commission for Human Rights about a worsening humanitarian situation linked to declining river flows and rising salinity levels in the Shatt Al-Arab waterway.

    Alongside municipal water projects, Iraq is also advancing large industrial water infrastructure schemes tied to the energy sector. Last August, Iraq approved the award of the Common Seawater Supply Project package for the Artawi oil field to South Korea’s Hyundai Engineering & Construction.

    The estimated $3.16bn contract covers the engineering, procurement, supply, construction, commissioning and operation of a major seawater treatment facility. Construction is expected to begin in 2026, further reflecting the scale of projects now in the execution stage.

    Power expansion

    In parallel, Iraq’s power sector is undergoing one of its largest expansion programmes in decades as the government attempts to address chronic electricity shortages, diversify fuel sources and strengthen regional grid connectivity. Over $40bn-worth of projects are under execution, following $4.2bn in new contracts last year.

    In August 2025, the Iraqi cabinet approved five major power generation schemes with a combined capacity exceeding 10GW. The projects represent one of the country’s largest-ever single rounds of power project approvals.

    The centrepiece of the programme is three independent power producer (IPP) combined-cycle plants at Al-Faw, Abu Ghraib and Kirkuk, with a total capacity of 7,500MW.

    The largest schemes are the 3,000MW Al-Faw plant in southern Iraq, with US-based General Electric as the EPC contractor, and the 3,000MW Abu Ghraib facility near Baghdad. Both projects will be implemented under 25-year build-own-operate models.

    A 1,500MW combined-cycle plant in Kirkuk will also be developed under long-term power purchase agreements backed by sovereign guarantees from the Finance Ministry. US-based GE Vernova is the technology provider for all three projects.

    Furthermore, the government has approved two thermal power plants in Najaf and Youssifiyah, with planned capacities of 1,500MW and 1,800MW, respectively.

    This is part of a wider 20-year electricity strategy unveiled last year in partnership with Siemens Energy and GE Vernova. The programme aims to add 57GW of new generation capacity through a mix of gas-fired, thermal and renewable energy projects.

    Electricity shortfall

    The scale of the challenge means timely project execution will be critical. Iraq currently produces about 28GW of electricity, according to the Electricity Ministry, but demand during peak summer periods is estimated at more than 50GW. The shortfall continues to result in widespread outages and pressure on the national grid.

    The fragility of the system was exposed again in March, when Iraq suffered nationwide electricity blackouts after a sudden drop in gas supplies to the Rumaila power plant in Basra. The disruption led to the loss of about 1,900MW of generation capacity and triggered a nationwide grid collapse.

    The incident highlighted Iraq’s continued dependence on associated gas production from the oil sector. With regional geopolitical tensions affecting oil exports and production, gas availability for power generation has become increasingly vulnerable.

    Solar plants

    As part of a strategy to diversify energy sources, the country inaugurated the first phase of the 300MW Karbala solar IPP plant in September 2025, marking Iraq’s first utility-scale solar scheme connected to the national grid.

    Developed by a consortium of Norway’s Scatec, Egypt’s Orascom Construction and Iraq’s Al-Bilal Group, the project forms part of the government’s target to add 10GW of solar energy by 2030.

    These plans also include the 1GW solar IPP in Najaf, now under construction and scheduled for commissioning in 2028.

    Looking further ahead, the Iraqi government announced in February that it has allocated more than 140 sites for new solar power plants, following a six-month identification process. The locations are distributed across several regions, including the outskirts of Baghdad and areas such as Nahrawan, Al-Nasr, Al-Salam, Al-Hamamiyat, Taji and Al-Husseiniya.

    Meanwhile, regional interconnection projects are also becoming increasingly important. Iraq is progressing with plans to integrate into the GCC electricity grid through a new 400kV transmission link between Kuwait’s Al-Wafra station and Iraq’s Al-Faw station.

    The first phase of the project will allow 500MW of electricity imports into Iraq, rising to 1,800MW over time. Iraq is targeting full integration of the GCC-Iraq grid by the end of 2026.

    MEED’s June 2026 report on Iraq also includes:

    > OVERVIEW: Iraq enters era of resilience, reform and rising risks
    > OIL & GAS: Iraqi oil and gas sector in crisis

    https://image.digitalinsightresearch.in/uploads/NewsArticle/16797622/main.gif
    Mark Dowdall
  • Abu Dhabi announces $15bn infrastructure PPP projects

    12 May 2026

    The Abu Dhabi Investment Office and the Abu Dhabi Projects and Infrastructure Centre have launched a AED55bn ($15bn) public-private partnership (PPP) pipeline of 24 projects to be tendered in 2026 and 2027.

    The projects will be tendered across the transport, infrastructure and social sectors.

    According to a statement published by the Abu Dhabi Media Office, the transport sector accounts for 11 road projects, with AED35bn ($9.5bn) of construction capex, covering more than 300 kilometres of new and upgraded roads, tunnels, intersections and related network works.

    The infrastructure pipeline includes five projects budgeted at AED11bn ($3bn), covering dams, water storage, flood control, stormwater upgrades and urban landscaping.

    Social infrastructure includes eight projects budgeted at AED9bn ($2.5bn), covering sports facilities, specialist healthcare assets, schools and university campuses.

    The statement added that the pipeline forms part of Abu Dhabi’s infrastructure delivery plan and will be executed through PPP structures.

    It is also intended to support company establishment in the emirate, local content objectives, and supply-chain and industrial capacity.

    https://image.digitalinsightresearch.in/uploads/NewsArticle/16793904/main.jpg
    Yasir Iqbal
  • Saudi Arabia tenders GCC rail link from Kuwait to UAE border

    12 May 2026

     

    Saudi Arabia has begun the procurement process to deliver its portion of the GCC railway, which will connect all six member states.

    Saudi Arabia Railways (SAR) issued a tender for design consultancy services for the project on 7 May, with a bid submission deadline of 30 June.

    It includes concept design, preliminary design and Issued for Construction (IFC) design stages of the network.

    SAR requires the selected consultant to review, update and complete the existing preliminary design of the network.

    The kingdom’s section of the railway will start at Al-Khafji in the Eastern Province, near the border with Kuwait, and end at Al-Batha, at Saudi Arabia’s border with the UAE. The route length in Saudi Arabia will be about 672 kilometres (km).

    The railway will interface with the Kuwait National Rail Road (KNRR) project on the Kuwaiti side. Last year, MEED exclusively reported that the KNRR design contract was awarded to Türkiye’s Proyapi Muhendislik ve Musavirlik Anonim Sirketi.

    The KNRR forms part of the wider GCC rail network. GCC railway projects have been progressing with renewed impetus since the six member states signed the Al-Ula Declaration in January 2021.

    In October last year, the Qatari cabinet approved a draft agreement paving the way for a railway link between Qatar and Saudi Arabia as part of the GCC railway network.

    GCC railway line

    Under the overall plan, the railway will span 2,186 kilometres, beginning in Kuwait, passing through Dammam in Saudi Arabia, reaching Bahrain via a planned causeway, and continuing from Dammam to Qatar, the UAE and, ultimately, Muscat via Sohar in Oman.

    The network’s route length within each member state is as follows: 684km in the UAE, 672km in Saudi Arabia, 306km in Oman, 283km in Qatar, 145km in Kuwait and 36km in Bahrain.

    The railway is designed for passenger trains travelling at 220 kilometres an hour (km/h) and freight trains operating at 80-120km/h.

    With high levels of project activity, governments in spending mode and renewed cooperation under the Al-Ula Declaration, the latest efforts to restart the GCC railway project may make more progress than previous attempts. If completed, the railway could prove transformational for a region that is globally connected but divided between its constituent parts.

    > Be recognised among the best in the industry at the MEED Projects Awards 2026 …

    https://image.digitalinsightresearch.in/uploads/NewsArticle/16793841/main.jpg
    Yasir Iqbal
  • Kuwait tenders upstream oil project

    12 May 2026

    State-owned upstream operator Kuwait Oil Company (KOC) has tendered a contract to develop power infrastructure to provide electricity to the country’s Bahra oil field.

    The project focuses on constructing an 11kV, 72MW main intake in the Bahra-A area.

    It also includes the development of 11kV, 20MW substations in the Bahra-A2 area, and the conversion of a substation in the Bahra-A1 area in northern Kuwait.

    An initial meeting for the project is scheduled for 7 June, and bids are due by 9 August.

    Kuwait’s oil and gas sector has been severely impacted by the blockade of the Strait of Hormuz, through which all of its crude exports are normally shipped.

    The country recorded zero crude oil exports in April for the first time since the end of the Gulf War in 1991, according to shipping monitor TankerTrackers.com.

    READ THE MAY 2026 MEED BUSINESS REVIEW – click here to view PDF

    Global energy sector forced to recalibrate; Conflict hits debt issuance and listings activity; UAE’s non-oil sector faces unclear recovery period amid disruption.

    Distributed to senior decision-makers in the region and around the world, the May 2026 edition of MEED Business Review includes:
    To see previous issues of MEED Business Review, please click here
    https://image.digitalinsightresearch.in/uploads/NewsArticle/16792080/main.png
    Wil Crisp
  • Chinese company signs deal to develop Syria cement plant

    12 May 2026

    China’s Jiangsu Pengfei Group has signed a deal with Damascus-based Al-Hasan Holding Group (HHG) to develop a cement plant in Syria’s Raqa governorate.

    The “strategic agreement” was signed on 29 April, according to a statement from HHG.

    The clinker production line will have a capacity of 5,000 tonnes a day (t/d).

    Syria is seeking to expand cement production capacity to meet demand from the domestic construction sector.

    HHG is an integrated investment conglomerate headquartered in Damascus with a portfolio of companies across sectors including industry, trade, energy, construction, tourism and services.

    It was founded by the Syrian businessman Hassan Kamel Al-Hasan.

    Jiangsu Pengfei Group is a manufacturer of rotary kiln and grinding equipment.

    The company is involved in the design, manufacture and service of equipment in the fields of building materials, metallurgy and the chemical industry.

    It is also an engineering, procurement and construction service provider that has completed more than 100 cement production line projects.

    READ THE MAY 2026 MEED BUSINESS REVIEW – click here to view PDF

    Global energy sector forced to recalibrate; Conflict hits debt issuance and listings activity; UAE’s non-oil sector faces unclear recovery period amid disruption.

    Distributed to senior decision-makers in the region and around the world, the May 2026 edition of MEED Business Review includes:
    To see previous issues of MEED Business Review, please click here
    https://image.digitalinsightresearch.in/uploads/NewsArticle/16792079/main.jpg
    Wil Crisp