Saudi Arabia must rein in emissions
5 February 2024
Commentary
Jennifer Aguinaldo
Energy & technology editor
The successive and pending tenders for gas-fired, renewable energy and, potentially, battery storage plants in Saudi Arabia speak of the urgency of the kingdom's need to keep its carbon emissions in check while delivering the economic targets of Vision 2030.
The principal buyer issued the request for proposals for the country's next combined-cycle gas turbine (CCGT) plants to be located in Riyadh and the Eastern Region on 31 January, barely three months since it awarded the contracts for four CCGT independent power projects (IPPs) in Taiba and Qassim.
The schemes, split into eight contracts, will deliver 14.4GW of gas-fired power generation capacity by 2027, if everything goes to schedule.
This adds to about 10.5GW of solar photovoltaic (PV) capacity under construction and 1.8GW of wind projects under bid evaluation, and over 40GW more that is expected to be tendered and directly procured between now and 2030.
These projects, along with the recent directive by the kingdom’s energy ministry to stop Saudi Aramco's oil production capacity expansion drive – which some experts say has to do with propping up oil prices in the current environment – could have increasing emissions reduction as an unintended consequence, if implemented.

Source: World Bank
As it is, the region's largest economy and projects market faces the challenge of delivering projects across all economic and industrial sectors in line with Vision 2030 while keeping to its sustainability objectives by lowering greenhouse gas emissions and setting the stage for achieving net-zero carbon emissions by 2060.
According to regional projects tracker MEED Projects, the Saudi market enjoyed its best year on record in 2023 with $95bn of contract awards across all sectors. With a net project value of $181bn of deals at the tender stage, more contract awards are expected in 2024.
Data from the World Bank shows that Saudi Arabia's carbon dioxide emissions per capita peaked in 2015, and have since declined significantly from 2015 to 2020.
The absence of data for 2021 and 2022 – when the projects and economic activities started to ramp up following the Covid-19 pandemic, and as the multibillion-dollar gigaprojects reached their execution stage – precludes the conclusion that the kingdom is on its way to decoupling economic expansion from emissions, a trend that has been quite visible in developed economies.
However, the urgency in the kingdom's procurement of greener and cleaner electricity to enable its economic programmes, in addition to the separate measures that are embedded in the Saudi Green Initiative and circular carbon economy ethos, indicates that Riyadh is aware that there are not many other options going forward.

MEED's October 2023 special report on Saudi Arabia includes:
> COMMENT: Riyadh reshapes its global role
> POLITICS: Saudi Arabia looks both east and west
> SPORT: Saudi Arabia’s football vision goes global
> ECONOMY: Riyadh prioritises stability over headline growth
> BANKS: Saudi banks track more modest growth path
> UPSTREAM: Aramco focuses on upstream capacity building
> DOWNSTREAM: Saudi chemical and downstream projects in motion
> POWER: Riyadh rides power projects surge
> WATER: Saudi water projects momentum holds steady
> GIGAPROJECTS: Gigaproject activity enters full swing
> TRANSPORT: Infrastructure projects support Riyadh’s logistics ambitions
> JEDDAH TOWER: Jeddah developer restarts world’s tallest tower

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Abu Dhabi’s Miral has announced plans to invest over AED12bn ($3.2bn) in Yas Island over the next five years.
According to a statement, the investment will fund a pipeline of new projects, as well as expansions and enhancements to existing attractions, supporting Abu Dhabi’s Tourism Strategy 2030.
The next phase of development will focus on expanding Yas Island’s theme parks and attractions, while introducing new immersive rides and experiences that reflect changing visitor expectations.
The investment will also strengthen the island’s hospitality offering through additional hotel rooms and enhancements to its overall accommodation portfolio.
The investment is separate from the previously announced Disney project.
Miral recently started the expansion works of its Harry Potter-themed expansion at the Warner Bros World Yas Island entertainment destination in Abu Dhabi.
The scope of the Warner Bros World phase two expansion includes adding 63,000 square metres (sq m) to the existing theme park.
This will include a Harry Potter-themed zone with three new rides called Diagon Alley, Hogwarts Castle and The Forbidden Forest, along with retail outlets and food and beverage facilities.
Yas Waterworld
Miral has developed a series of theme parks and other entertainment-related attractions on Yas Island, working with several local and international contractors.
In July last year, Miral opened a new 16,900 sq m expansion of its Yas Waterworld park to the public.
The expansion added 3.3 kilometres of slide sections to the park. The addition of 18 new rides and attractions, bringing the total number of rides to more than 60, is expected to increase visitor capacity by 20%.
Construction was carried out by local contractor Alec.
Disney park
The Walt Disney Company and Miral signed an agreement in May to build a Disney theme park resort on Yas Island.
Disney, which is based in the US, said the Abu Dhabi site will be its seventh theme park resort. The others are in California and Florida in the US, Paris in France, Hong Kong and Shanghai in China, and Tokyo in Japan.
In a statement, Disney noted that the UAE is located within a four-hour flight of one-third of the world’s population, making it a significant gateway for tourism. It is also home to one of the world’s busiest airline hubs, with 120 million passengers travelling through Abu Dhabi and Dubai each year.
The Disney theme park resort in Abu Dhabi will include entertainment areas, themed accommodations, dining venues and retail experiences.
In 2023, Miral opened SeaWorld Abu Dhabi, also on Yas Island. Alec was the contractor for the estimated $565m project.
In 2018, Miral opened the Warner Bros theme park on Yas Island. Belgium’s Besix was the contractor for the estimated $531m project.
Other Miral projects have included the Etihad Arena and the indoor climbing and skydive centre Clymb. Bam International of the Netherlands was the contractor for the arena and Germany’s Zublin was the contractor for Clymb.
Yas Island was launched as a project in 2006 by local developer Aldar Properties. The original centrepiece attractions were the Yas Marina Circuit, which hosts Formula 1 motor racing’s annual Abu Dhabi Grand Prix, and the Ferrari World theme park.
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Contractors prepare bids for Oxagon wastewater plant14 September 2026

Contractors are preparing to submit bids to build a wastewater treatment plant for Oxagon, Neom’s industrial cluster.
The industrial wastewater treatment package will have an initial capacity of 35,000 cubic metres a day (cm/d), supplied in modular trains of 5,000 cm/d each. A separate sanitary wastewater treatment package will have a capacity of 1,000 cm/d.
The contract is structured as a design-build-operate project and covers the supply, installation and commissioning of industrial and sanitary wastewater treatment packages, as well as three years of operation and maintenance.
Bids are due on 2 October, a source close to the project told MEED.
It is understood that Neom’s water utility Enowa issued the request for proposals earlier this year. The plant is designed to provide “interim wastewater treatment” capacity for Neom’s Oxagon Industrial Quarter as industrial development in the area progresses.
Enowa has described the treatment systems as interim and de-mountable, allowing them to be installed and subsequently removed or relocated as requirements at Oxagon develop. The plant can be expanded to a maximum of 45,000 cm/d.
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Saudi Arabia shuts East-West oil pipeline after drone strikes14 September 2026
Saudi Arabia has temporarily closed its 1,200-kilometre East-West pipeline after it was targeted by multiple drones launched from Iraq, disrupting one of the kingdom’s most critical energy export routes and threatening global oil supplies already strained by conflict across the region.
The Ministry of Energy said the pipeline, which connects the Abqaiq oil field in the east to the Red Sea port of Yanbu, was hit in the Riyadh and Medina regions on 12 September. Specialised teams have begun securing the facility and assessing damage. A Foreign Ministry statement said the attack resulted in injuries and “some damage that is currently being addressed”.
The closure removes about 4 million barrels a day from the global market, representing 4% of world oil supply. The pipeline’s role has become increasingly critical since the US-Iran conflict forced a near-complete shutdown of flows through the Strait of Hormuz in March.
Saudi Arabia has been using the East-West route to bypass the chokepoint, but the assault has left the kingdom dependent on substantially reduced Hormuz exports and Red Sea shipping routes now threatened by Iran-backed Houthi forces in Yemen.
Iraqi Prime Minister Ali Al-Zaidi’s office confirmed the drone strike on the East-West Pipeline originated in the Maysan province, which borders Iran. The government formally condemned the attack, announced an investigation into the Maysan operations command and dismissed its commander. No armed group has claimed responsibility, but security analysts attribute the strike to Iran-backed militias operating from Iraqi territory.
Riyadh said it was not retaliating “at this stage”, choosing instead to support Iraqi efforts to prevent further strikes from its territory.
The attack comes amid wider regional upheaval. Houthi forces have rapidly advanced along Yemen’s coast, seizing the strategic Mokha port and the Zuqar Island in the southern Red Sea, moving closer to the Bab El-Mandab strait. Saudi authorities said the group simultaneously launched dozens of drones and missiles at the southern kingdom on 11 September, striking civilian and economic targets and injuring 73 people.
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The dual disruption of both the pipeline and Red Sea shipping has compressed global energy supplies. Energy analysts warned that without pipeline repairs, oil prices could return to the $120-a-barrel peak reached earlier in the regional conflict.
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WSP wins Dammam airport expansion design works14 September 2026
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Dammam Airports Company (DACO) awarded the contract.
The scope includes designing passenger terminal expansions, facility upgrades, and improvements to airport entrances and access roads.
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The expansion works will be carried out in line with the airport’s approved masterplan, which targets serving more than 19 million passengers a year by 2030.
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This contract forms part of DACO’s ongoing efforts to strengthen the airport ecosystem, enhance operational efficiency, and support the Aviation Programme and Saudi Vision 2030 objectives.
King Fahd International airport is the kingdom’s third-largest airport by annual passenger traffic, behind Jeddah’s King Abdulaziz International and Riyadh’s King Khaled International.
DACO was formed in July 2017 to manage, operate and develop King Fahd International airport in Saudi Arabia’s Eastern Province.
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Dubai seeks contractors for multibillion-dollar road scheme14 September 2026

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Dubai’s Roads & Transport Authority (RTA) is seeking contractors to design and build a multibillion-dollar new road that will run parallel to Sheikh Zayed Road.
MEED understands that the scope covers the construction of about 30 kilometres (km) of works.
These include about 15km of viaduct along First Al-Khail Street and more than 14.5km of bridge ramps, along with other associated infrastructure works.
The RTA floated the expression of interest notice to contractors in early September, with a submission deadline of 10 October.
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Dubai has previously explored bold concepts to expand capacity on Sheikh Zayed Road, including proposals to introduce double-decker sections to add extra lanes without widening the existing corridor.
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The plans ultimately progressed as standalone schemes, with subsequent efforts focusing instead on corridor-wide upgrades, interchange improvements and complementary public transport expansions to manage demand more sustainably.
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Planning for growth
Dubai launched the 2040 Urban Master Plan in March 2021, referencing studies indicating that the emirate’s population will reach 5.8 million by 2040, up from 3.3 million in 2020. The daytime population is set to increase from 4.5 million in 2020 to 7.8 million in 2040.
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