meed-logo

line1 line2 line3
SIGN IN / REGISTER

Region plans vital big grid connections

29 May 2023

 

The mantra “there will be no transition without transmission” dominated this year’s World Utility Congress, which was organised by Abu Dhabi National Energy Company (Taqa) and held in the UAE capital on 8-10 May.

“There will be no transition without interconnectivity with our neighbours. If we are not interconnected, we are not using the full capacity of our [electricity] network,” UAE Energy and Infrastructure Minister Suhail bin Mohamed al-Mazrouei said at the congress.

For the GCC states in particular, their ability to procure affordable and large-scale solar energy capacity, and the wide discrepancy in peak demands between the winter and summer months, which often results in substantial idle capacity, make it imperative to connect to other states or regions.

“Links to other GCC states and Central Asia will enable our electricity system to run more efficiently. Some have access to wind, others to solar or hydropower. We also have different peak hours,” Al-Mazrouei said. “We need to consider [these opportunities] and make the investments.”

Boosting transmission

In recent years, there has been a flurry of projects to build or enhance electricity transmission links within the GCC states, as well as with neighbouring countries such as Iraq and Jordan.

Contracts were awarded this year for the construction of overhead transmission lines connecting the GCC grid to Iraq via Kuwait, as well as a link between Iraq and Jordan.

Other projects in the early stages include a second connection between Saudi Arabia and Iraq, Saudi Arabia and the UAE, and the UAE and Oman.

Beyond the GCC, a $1.8bn electricity link between Saudi Arabia and Egypt is under construction. The project will facilitate the exchange of 3,000MW of electricity between the two countries through overhead transmission lines as well as high-voltage, direct current (HVDC) subsea cables.

The most ambitious plans include projects that will pipe electricity from Egypt, Tunisia and Morocco to European countries including Greece, Italy and the UK.

Some have access to wind, others to solar or hydropower. We also have different peak hours … we need to consider [these opportunities] and make the investments
UAE Energy and Infrastructure Minister Suhail bin Mohamed al-Mazrouie 

Shifting peaks

Energy security has spurred investments to interconnect electricity grids between national borders and time zones. The pace of development is reminiscent of the advent of data interconnectivity two decades earlier.

Grid interconnections are also critical for the integration and optimisation of renewable energy, according to Jessica Obeid, a partner at New Energy Consult.

“Grid interconnections enable efficient management and mitigations of stability challenges linked to the integration of variable renewable energy such as wind and solar into the grid,” she says.

These interconnections enable the deployment of renewable energy where land is vast and resources are abundant, to be dispatched in energy load centres.

More importantly, they reduce the curtailment of renewable energy systems through electricity exchange, balancing supply and demand at various periods.

UK startup Xlinks aims to connect Morocco to the UK via four HVDC subsea cables stretching 3,800 kilometres across the Atlantic. “Long distance interconnectors solve the intermittency of renewables as the sun is always shining or wind is always blowing elsewhere,” says Simon Morrish, Xlinks’ CEO. 

“The idea is to generate clean energy and then move it to meet demand, which is much more economic than relying solely on domestic capacity.”

Xlinks aims to generate 10.5GW through solar and wind farms in Guelmin Oued Noun and pipe about 40 per cent of that energy through subsea cables that will have to pass through Spain, Portugal and France. The UK will receive 3.6GW of clean, affordable energy – equivalent to 8 per cent of its electricity needs – by 2030.

Soaring data demand drives boom

Desertec’s long shadow

The scale of Xlinks’ ambition draws comparison with an earlier project, the Desertec Industrial Initiative (Dii), which launched in 2009, but ironically has yet to see the light of day.

Dii had planned to build renewable energy plants globally, including in Morocco, and supply up to 15 per cent of Europe’s power demand by 2050.

Xlinks’ proponents expect to succeed where Desertec failed, however. “Generation costs are more than 90 per cent lower than they were then, which makes the project economically – as well as politically – attractive,” Morrish says.

Xlinks’ point-to-point design with an exclusive energy supply for the UK is expected to eliminate challenges associated with trying to use third-party transmission networks.

Although the technologies are all mature, Morrish says iterations have led to a much lower levelised cost of transmission over these distances. There is also more expertise for the HVDC system beyond the original equipment manufacturers.

Average electricity prices in Europe have increased significantly over the past 10 years and power delivered from the Middle East and North Africa (Mena) region is competitive with other reliable low-carbon solutions, according to Morrish.

The existence of clear renewable targets in Europe could also benefit Xlinks’ project, as well as similar schemes, such as the EuroAfrica Interconnector, which aims to link Egypt to Cyprus and Greece, and the Elmed Mediterranean project that links Tunisia to Italy.

Morocco’s renewable energy leadership, which includes having implemented legislation designed to facilitate the export of renewable energy, is another positive factor.

“Previous projects have typically focused on the recipient jurisdiction, such as Europe, rather than understanding the drivers for the generation country,” says Morrish. “By focusing on the benefits to the Mena region, in this case Morocco, Xlinks has obtained support from both Morocco and the UK.”

The 13-year gap between Desertec and Xlinks has not necessarily changed the mindset of some industry players, who are just beginning to grasp the complexities involved in other decarbonisation technologies such as green hydrogen and carbon capture and storage.

“It is an excellent concept, but it will be exceptionally difficult, if not impossible, to execute given the high demand for HVDC cables, financing and political considerations,” says a Dubai-based contractor.

Unlike the more reasonably- structured interconnections between the GCC or Mena states, the scale and scope of Xlinks’ scheme and other similar projects will require export credit and multilateral development agency support in combination with project finance debt. Experts say this is critical, but not entirely unprecedented.

For instance, Taqa’s decision to contribute $31m in the startup’s early funding round, which also includes $6.2m from UK-headquartered Octopus Energy, appears to signify investor appetite for the project. The scheme is expected to boost foreign direct investment and create thousands of jobs in Morocco during its construction phase.

Electricity demand is increasing at alarming rates, in direct relation to the impact of climate change and the increases in temperatures, cooling and water demand, which reduces the available supply for exports
Jessica Obeid, New Energy Consult

Political undertones

In December 2022, Saudi Investment Minister Khalid al-Falih said the kingdom is keen to join an agreement between four countries to export clean electricity from Azerbaijan to Europe.

He was referring to an accord signed by Azerbaijan, Georgia, Romania and Hungary to build an undersea cable in the Black Sea transmitting energy from Caspian Sea wind farms to Europe.

The agreement involves a 1,100-kilometre, 1GW cable running from Azerbaijan to Romania. It is part of broader EU efforts to diversify energy resources away from Russia amid the Ukraine war.

This provides an alternative to Saudi Arabia’s grid expansion plans, and to the Saudi-Egypt link, as Egypt itself is involved in negotiations to link its electricity grid to Italy, Cyprus and Greece.

Beyond financing, there are other challenges for both intra-Mena and intercontinental grid connections.

An efficient electricity exchange market is necessary, notes Obeid. Another key issue is the unsustainable increase in demand in Mena states. 

Figure1: Saudi-Egypt interconnector route

“Electricity demand is rising alarmingly, in direct relation to the impact of climate change and the increases in temperatures, cooling and water demand, which reduces the available supply for exports,” she says.

Plans to interconnect with Iraq, which has been heavily reliant on Iran for energy imports, can also be tricky. “The incentive is mostly political. Many countries have expressed interest in connecting their grids to Iraq’s, but none of these projects have yet materialised,” says Obeid.

“Linking Iraq to the Saudi grid is bound to be more viable and cheaper for Iraq compared to alternative options such as electricity exports from Jordan. But that is pending a political decision and would get Saudi Arabia and the GCC political and economic influence in Iraq.” 

https://image.digitalinsightresearch.in/uploads/NewsArticle/10842129/main.gif
Jennifer Aguinaldo

Register for MEED's guest program now to access this article.

Click here to register
Exclusive from Meed
Related Articles
  • Iraq downstream contract completed

    1 July 2025

     

    Turkiye’s Tekfen has completed a contract as part of the Basra refinery upgrade project, according to industry sources.

    The contract was worth $25m and the scope included upgrading civil structures and underground facilities.

    The contract is part of the wider Basra refinery upgrade project, which is worth several billion dollars.

    Its scope includes installing new facilities, including a vacuum distillation unit and a diesel desulphurisation unit, on land adjacent to the existing Basra refinery.

    The biggest package is focused on upgrading the project’s fluid catalyst cracking (FCC) unit.

    Iraq’s state-owned South Refineries Company (SRC) sent Japan-based JGC a notice of the main contract award for the Basra refinery upgrade project’s FCC package in August 2020.

    The contract awarded to JGC, which uses the engineering, procurement, construction and commissioning model, was worth $3.78bn.

    The project site is located about 12 kilometres east of Iraq’s southern city of Basra.

    https://image.digitalinsightresearch.in/uploads/NewsArticle/14174441/main.jpg
    Wil Crisp
  • June 2025: Data drives regional projects

    30 June 2025

    Click here to download the PDF

    Includes: Top 10 Global Contractors | Brent Spot Price | Construction output

    To see previous issues of MEED Business Review, please click here
    https://image.digitalinsightresearch.in/uploads/NewsArticle/14171168/main.gif
    MEED Editorial
  • UAE-Turkiye financial links strengthen

    30 June 2025

    This package on UAE-Turkiye relations also includes:

    > UAE-Turkiye trade gains momentum
    > Turkiye’s Kalyon goes global

     

    Turkish bank DenizBank is one of Turkiye’s leading private banks and, as a wholly owned subsidiary of Emirates NBD since 2019, it is playing a leading role in developing business links between the UAE and Turkiye.

    Recep Bastug, who was appointed as DenizBank’s CEO in 2024, says there is great potential for trade between the two countries. 

    “Turkiye is a growing country,” he says. “We’ve had volatility over the past five years, but the Turkiye economy and the banking sector have been able to manage those periods successfully.”

    Having spent years with international institutions such as BBVA, Bastug has vast experience in the banking sector. “Turkish banks, especially private ones like DenizBank, are very successful. In terms of capital, balance sheet structure and digital transformation, we are in a strong position,” he says.

    Solid fundamentals

    Turkiye’s fundamentals remain solid with a diversified export-oriented economy, a young and skilled population of 85 million, and relatively low debt levels. “We are not a highly leveraged country. Our household debt-to-GDP ratio is low. With the right policy mix, we offer high potential for foreign investors,” says Bastug.

    That potential is increasingly being realised through growing engagement with the GCC and the UAE. “Turkiye’s connection with the Gulf is going up, and DenizBank is set to play a serious role in these relations. Day by day, Turkish companies are expanding their footprint in the region.”

    GCC projects

    Baştug says that many of these companies approach DenizBank to help facilitate their entry into Gulf markets. “Some of our clients are extremely well capitalised, but others need support for major projects. Just recently, one Turkish company announced a $3bn project in the region. We’re helping them connect with Emirates NBD and navigate the local financial landscape.”

    DenizBank is actively supporting the creation of trilateral partnerships – particularly between Turkiye, the UAE and Saudi Arabia. “We see huge opportunity in forming financial strongholds across these markets, leveraging Turkiye’s contractor experience, the UAE’s capital and Saudi Arabia’s scale,” says Baştug.

    DenizBank is already delivering results. “With Emirates NBD, we’ve identified 10 strategic cooperation areas, including trade finance, payments and capital markets. Thanks to this partnership, Emirates NBD has become the number one debt capital markets bank in Turkiye, even ahead of global players.”

    One area of growing activity is initial public offering (IPO) participation. “We’ve launched a mutual fund that allows Turkish private banking clients to participate in IPOs from the region, including from the UAE and Saudi Arabia. It’s a diversification strategy and helps retain wealth within the group.”

    Turkiye’s connection with the Gulf is going up, and DenizBank is set to play a serious role in these relations. Day by day, Turkish companies are expanding their footprint in the region
    Recep Bastug, DenizBank

    Inflation ends

    Despite the current inflationary environment, Bastug says there is a clear inflection point ahead. “We expect 2027 to be a turning point. Once we exit the inflationary accounting regime [in Turkiye], DenizBank will become one of the biggest contributors to Emirates NBD’s global balance sheet. Last year, we contributed $1.2bn. In 2027, it will be significantly more.”

    DenizBank is the fifth-largest private bank in Turkiye with about a 5% market share. “The largest private bank is at 13%. It’s not easy to close that gap – but we will do it. Our long-term goal, aligned with our shareholder, is to become the biggest and most successful private bank in the country.”

    The bank is especially focused on agriculture, SMEs, and export financing – sectors that are deeply relevant to
    Turkiye’s economic growth and to regional demand. “We are the leading agricultural bank in Turkiye, and we believe strongly in the sector’s future – both for local consumption and exports.”

    Regional opportunities

    Bastug also sees potential for engagement beyond the GCC, including in post-conflict reconstruction. “In the past, Turkiye had strong trade volumes with Syria. Even during wartime, commercial links remained. Once a stable environment emerges, there will be opportunities – especially in infrastructure.”

    While a physical branch presence is not currently being considered, DenizBank is prepared to support Turkish contractors operating in neighbouring countries. “We have the relationships and expertise to facilitate this growth. And culturally, we’re well aligned with the region – it helps make business smoother.”

    As Turkiye re-establishes economic momentum and Gulf economies look to deliver on long-term visions, DenizBank is positioning itself for a more active role in the region in the future. “We are preparing the bank for the next stage, and with the backing of Emirates NBD, we’re confident in our ability to lead.” 

    READ MORE
    > UAE-Turkiye trade gains momentum
    > Turkiye’s Kalyon goes global

    https://image.digitalinsightresearch.in/uploads/NewsArticle/14170372/main.gif
    Colin Foreman
  • Multiply agrees to sell Pal Cooling to Tabreed and CVC

    30 June 2025

    Abu Dhabi-based investment company Multiply Group has agreed to sell all of its shares in its district cooling subsidiary Pal Cooling Holding (PCH) for AED3.8bn ($1bn) to a consortium comprising Engie-backed National Central Cooling Company (Tabreed) and CVC DIF.

    The transaction is still subject to regulatory approvals.

    MEED exclusively reported in May that a team comprising Tabreed and CVC was holding exclusive discussions to acquire PCH.

    Multiply Group initially acquired a 100% stake in PCH and its subsidiaries in July 2021.

    Multiply Group has been advised by Standard Chartered and Clifford Chance. Tabreed and CVC DIF have been advised by Citi, Synergy Consulting and White & Case.

    The transaction brings together two of the UAE’s leading district cooling players. PCH was founded in 2006 and operates five active district cooling plants across the UAE. The company maintains eight long-term concessions and strategic partnerships with some of the UAE’s leading real estate developers, servicing key residential, commercial and mixed-use developments – most notably on Abu Dhabi’s Reem Island.

    Tabreed owns and operates 92 plants, including 76 in the UAE, five in Saudi Arabia, eight in Oman, one in Bahrain, one in India and one in Egypt, in addition to other international projects and operations.

    https://image.digitalinsightresearch.in/uploads/NewsArticle/14170511/main.jpg
    Colin Foreman
  • Iraq approves Basra housing project

    30 June 2025

    Iraq has approved plans to build a housing project in Basra that will offer about 5,000 homes in the first phase to tackle the country’s rising housing shortage.

    The project, which is endorsed by Iraq’s National Investment Commission (NIC), will cover an area of about 3 square kilometres.

    According to local media reports, Basra province governor Asaad Al-Idani said the project has already been awarded to a developer.

    Iraq has been gradually recovering since the war. The government initially prioritised infrastructure and public housing to stimulate economic growth, improve living standards and attract foreign investment.

    More recently, benefitting from higher oil prices and a period of relatively stable governance, Baghdad has expanded its focus to reconstructing and modernising the country’s deteriorating infrastructure.

    The Iraqi construction market has also seen significant investments from private real estate developers from the region. In May, Egyptian real estate developer Ora Developers announced that it had started construction on the Al-Wardi residential city project, which consists of more than 100,000 residential units covering about 61 million square metres (sq m) on the southeastern side of Baghdad.

    The move is the latest sign of international investors’ growing appetite for developing real estate in Iraq as part of the country’s post-war building initiatives.

    Also in May, another Egyptian firm, Talaat Moustafa Group Holding, said it was in negotiations with the NIC to develop a mixed-use project. The project, which will cover an area of about 14 million sq m and will be located in the southwest of Baghdad, is expected to contain about 45,000 residential units.

    The positive sentiment has been particularly buoyed by a robust 2024 budget, which allocated nearly $42bn to transport, social infrastructure and housing initiatives.

    Looking ahead, Iraq’s construction industry is expected to register an annual average growth rate of 4.9% in 2025-28, supported by further investments in energy, infrastructure and housing projects, according to UK analytics firm GlobalData.

    MEED’s June 2025 report on Iraq includes:

    > COMMENT: Iraq maintains its pace, for now
    > GOVERNMENT & ECONOMY: Iraq’s economy faces brewing storm
    > OIL & GAS: Iraqi energy project value hits decade-high level
    > PIPELINES: Revival of Syrian oil export route could benefit Iraq
    > POWER: Iraq power sector turns a page
    > CONSTRUCTION: Iraq pours billions into housing and infrastructure projects
    > DATABANK: Iraq forecast dips on lower oil prices

    https://image.digitalinsightresearch.in/uploads/NewsArticle/14170011/main.png
    Yasir Iqbal