meed-logo

line1 line2 line3
SIGN IN / REGISTER

Region advances LNG projects with pace

30 August 2024

 

Global liquefied natural gas (LNG) liquefaction capacity is expected to more than double by 2028, potentially increasing from 473 million tonnes a year (t/y) in 2023 to 968 million t/y in 2028 through new build and expansion projects, according to a recent report by GlobalData.

North America dominates globally among the regions, in terms of new build and expansion liquefaction capacity growth, contributing around 54% of the total global capacity additions or 268 million t/y by 2028, GlobalData says in the report. 

The Middle East comes in at second position, followed by the Former Soviet Union, with capacity additions of 78 million t/y and 71 million t/y, respectively. 

Since the start of this decade, there has been a sharp increase in investments in the Middle East and North Africa (Mena), and particularly in the Gulf region, in projects to expand LNG production. Capital expenditure close to $45bn has been made by Mena hydrocarbon producers in the past 10 years on various LNG projects, mainly for output capacity building, MEED Projects data shows. Almost three-fourths of that spending took place in the past four years, and predominantly in the GCC.

A desire to cater to the steady growth expected in global LNG demand and dominate the global supply market is fuelling the wave of investments into large-scale production capacity expansions and terminal construction by Gulf players.

Qatar guns for top spot

Qatar has been jostling with the US and Australia for the status of being the largest LNG provider to the world for many years now. The three countries have all clinched the top spot, only to be unseated by another the very next month.

However, when its mammoth North Field LNG expansion programme begins to come online later this decade, Qatar will be able to consolidate its position as the world’s largest producer and exporter of LNG in the long term.

State enterprise QatarEnergy is understood to have spent almost $30bn on the two phases of the North Field LNG expansion programme, North Field East and North Field South, which will increase its LNG production capacity from 77.5 million tonnes a year (t/y) to 126 million t/y by 2028. Engineering, procurement and construction (EPC) works on the two projects are making steady progress.

QatarEnergy awarded the main EPC contracts in 2021 for the North Field East project, which is projected to increase LNG output to 110 million t/y by 2025. The main $13bn EPC package, which covers the engineering, procurement, construction and installation of four LNG trains with capacities of 8 million t/y, was awarded to a consortium of Japan’s Chiyoda Corporation and France’s Technip Energies in February 2021.

QatarEnergy awarded the $10bn main EPC contract for the North Field South LNG project, covering two large LNG processing trains, to a consortium of Technip Energies and Lebanon-based Consolidated Contractors Company (CCC) in May last year.

When fully commissioned, the first two phases of the North Field LNG expansion programme will contribute a total supply capacity of 48 million t/y to the global LNG market.

Qatar is, however, not stopping at that. QatarEnergy, in February, announced a third phase of its North Field LNG expansion programme. To be called North Field West, the project will further increase QatarEnergy’s LNG production capacity to 142 million t/y when it is commissioned by 2030.

The North Field West project will have an LNG production capacity of 16 million t/y, which is expected to be achieved through two 8 million t/y LNG processing trains, based on the two earlier phases of QatarEnergy’s LNG expansion programme. The new project derives its name from the western zone of Qatar’s North Field offshore gas reserve, from where it will draw feedstock for LNG production.

Oman moves up the ladder

Oman has been supplying LNG to customers, mainly in Asia, for many years now. Majority state-owned Oman LNG operates three gas liquefaction trains at its site in Qalhat, with a nameplate capacity of 10.4 million t/y. Due to debottlenecking, the company’s complex now has a production capacity of about 11.4 million t/y.

As recently as late July, the Omani government announced that Oman LNG will build a new train at its Qalhat LNG production complex in Sur, located in the sultanate’s South Al-Sharqiyah governorate. Oman LNG will perform the preliminary engineering study for the planned LNG train.

The LNG train will have an output capacity of 3.8 million t/y. When commissioned in 2029, it will increase Oman LNG’s total production capacity to 15.2 million t/y.

Aside from Oman LNG, France’s TotalEnergies has now committed itself to becoming a major LNG supplier in the sultanate. In partnership with state energy holding conglomerate OQ, TotalEnergies achieved final investment decision earlier this year for a major LNG bunkering and export terminal in Oman’s northern city of Sohar.

TotalEnergies leads a joint venture named Marsa LNG, which is the Sohar LNG terminal project developer. Marsa LNG was formed in December 2021 through an agreement between TotalEnergies and the sultanate’s state energy holding company OQ. The partners own 80% and 20% stakes, respectively.

Marsa LNG intends to develop an integrated facility consisting of upstream units that will draw natural gas feedstock from TotalEnergies’ hydrocarbon concessions in the sultanate, particularly from Blocks 10 and 11; an LNG bunkering terminal and storage units located in Sohar port; and a solar photovoltaic plant to power the LNG terminal.

The Marsa LNG terminal will have a single train with the capacity to process about 1 million t/y of natural gas into LNG. The bunkering terminal will mainly supply LNG as a marine fuel to vessels. Marsa LNG has picked France-based Technip Energies to perform EPC works on the estimated $1bn LNG terminal project.

Adnoc gives shape to ambitions

Abu Dhabi National Oil Company (Adnoc) has been a relatively smaller LNG producer in comparison to its GCC peers. Adnoc Group subsidiary, Adnoc Gas, operates three large gas processing trains on Das Island. At its Das Island terminal, Adnoc Gas has an LNG liquefaction and export capacity of about 6 million t/y. The first and second trains were commissioned in the 1970s and have a combined output capacity of 2.9 million t/y. The third train came into operation in the mid-1990s, with a capacity of 3.2 million t/y.

Adnoc Gas’ LNG production and export capability, however, will receive a major fillip when a new greenfield terminal it has committed to developing in Ruwais, Abu Dhabi, comes online before the end of this decade. The planned LNG export terminal in Ruwais will have the capacity to produce about 9.6 million t/y of LNG from two processing trains, each with a capacity of 4.8 million t/y.

Adnoc awarded the full EPC contract and achieved the final investment decision for the LNG terminal complex in June. A consortium of France’s Technip Energies, Japan-based JGC Corporation and Abu Dhabi-owned NMDC Energy was awarded the EPC contract, worth $5.5bn.

Jordan takes a step forward

Jordan imports more than 90% of its oil, gas and refined product needs and therefore has a strong economic case for developing projects to boost its domestic hydrocarbon infrastructure, particularly for gas.

The country recently took a key step forward when Aqaba Development Corporation awarded the main EPC contract in August for a project to develop the Sheikh Sabah Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah LNG onshore regasification facility at the port of Aqaba.

The contract was won by a consortium of Singapore-based AG&P and South Korea’s Gas Entec, along with their local partner, Jordan’s Issa Haddadin.

In a statement, Gas Entec said that the facility will have the capacity to process 720 million cubic feet a day of natural gas. 

“Jordan relies heavily on natural gas for its power and industrial needs, but faces challenges with supply reliability,” Gas Entec said.

“The new LNG terminal will provide Jordan with the flexibility to access LNG from various global suppliers, ensuring a stable and secure energy source.”

Global LNG demand set for steady growth

https://image.digitalinsightresearch.in/uploads/NewsArticle/12432924/main.gif
Indrajit Sen

Register for MEED's guest program now to access this article.

Click here to register
Exclusive from Meed
Related Articles
  • Operational resilience is now the Gulf’s real energy test

    7 April 2026

     

    For the past few weeks, the Gulf energy story has been told mostly through the lens of damage. That is understandable. We have seen attacks on industrial sites, ports and tankers, while the Strait of Hormuz remains the key constraint on exports and recovery. Around a fifth of global oil normally passes through the strait, and the latest attacks have again underlined how exposed regional and global markets remain to disruption in that corridor.

    But the more useful question now is not simply what has been hit. It is what still works, what can be rerouted, and how fast operators can adjust.

    Impact scale

    The current estimate is that the physical impact of this conflict now likely exceeds the energy industry impairments sustained during the 1990-91 Gulf War, including both physical damage and business interruption. This is a serious shock, and it will feed through into global inflation, insurance pricing, financing costs and downstream supply chains.

    This is why the story extends beyond oil and gas. Metals, aluminium and petrochemicals are part of the same resilience test. In energy-intensive industries, even a short interruption to power or logistics can create outsized losses. Aluminium is a clear example. Once power is curtailed for too long, the restart problem becomes expensive very quickly.

    But that does not mean the Gulf’s energy system has been structurally broken. A great deal of productive capacity, logistics infrastructure and operational capability remains in place. The real question is not whether the region can function at all, but how far operators can adapt, reroute and preserve output while the disruption continues.

    The physical impact of this conflict now likely exceeds the energy industry impairments sustained during the 1990-91 Gulf War

    What gives me some confidence is that the region is not standing still. Good operators are doing what good operators tend to do under pressure. They are changing production plans, prioritising domestic demand where needed, rerouting logistics and shifting product slates. In petrochemicals, some producers can move from liquid output to solid output, which is easier to truck overland and export through alternative routes. In plain terms, they are trying to keep molecules moving.

    Others are bringing planned maintenance forward. If an asset cannot export efficiently today, using this period for a turnaround can preserve future production once routes reopen. That does not remove the loss, but it can turn part of it into a timing effect rather than a permanent one.

    Risk management

    Insurance is part of that resilience equation, too. Cover is never uniform across the market, because it reflects each operator’s risk appetite. Some businesses are well protected, while others have chosen to retain more risk. In these situations, more proactive risk management actions may be preferred, such as moving inventory, reducing throughput and process operating severity [intensity] to add resiliency to energy infrastructure in case of damage.

    Prior investment in resilience is also showing its value more broadly. That includes pipeline networks, flexible logistics, broader product portfolios, experienced operating teams and, in some cases, stronger risk transfer strategies. The businesses under the most pressure are those still heavily reliant on moving bulk liquids through constrained maritime channels and with fewer options when disruption hits. Those with more routes, products and risk flexibility are coping better.

    None of this should be mistaken for complacency. Recovery will take time. Even when conditions improve, shipping patterns will not normalise overnight. The losses are real, and the fallout will be global. But this is no longer only a damage story. It is a test of operational resilience, and so far the region is showing it has more of that than many assume.

    https://image.digitalinsightresearch.in/uploads/NewsArticle/16283065/main.gif
  • Adnoc Gas to rally UAE downstream project spending

    7 April 2026

     

    Despite the impact of recent Iranian attacks on its assets, the gas processing business of Abu Dhabi National Oil Company (Adnoc Gas) is on course to emerge as the largest spending entity in the UAE’s downstream oil and gas sector this year.

    Adnoc Group created Adnoc Gas, which began operating as a commercial entity in 2023, through the merger of its former subsidiaries Adnoc Gas Processing and Adnoc LNG. The consolidation of Adnoc’s gas processing and liquefied natural gas (LNG) operations formed one of the world’s largest gas processing entities, with a capacity of about 10 billion standard cubic feet a day (cf/d) across eight onshore and offshore sites, including Asab, Bab, Bu Hasa, Habshan and Ruwais.

    The scale of its infrastructure – particularly its 3,250-kilometre pipeline network, which is being expanded under the $3bn Estidama project – positions Adnoc Gas as a critical enabler of both domestic industrial growth and export competitiveness.

    Resilience amid geopolitical risk

    The recent drone-related disruptions highlight the growing exposure of Gulf energy infrastructure to regional conflict. However, the limited operational impact reported by Adnoc Gas suggests a high degree of system redundancy and resilience, supported by networked infrastructure and diversified processing capacity.

    This resilience is crucial as the company pushes ahead with its $20bn-$28bn capital programme for 2023-29. Continued investment despite security risks signals confidence in both project economics and the UAE’s ability to safeguard critical assets.

    Rich Gas Development

    At the core of Adnoc Gas’ expansion strategy is the Rich Gas Development (RGD) programme, which aims to increase processing capacity by 30% by 2030.

    The RGD project will enable the development of new gas reservoirs, helping to boost gas liquids exports, support UAE gas self-sufficiency and provide feedstock to the country’s growing petrochemicals sector, Adnoc Gas says.

    The first phase of the RGD project is under construction. Adnoc Gas awarded $5bn-worth of engineering, procurement and construction management (EPCm) contracts in three tranches for phase one last June – its largest-ever capital investment.

    The contracts cover the expansion of key gas processing plants to increase throughput and improve operational efficiency across four facilities: Asab, Bu Hasa, Habshan (onshore) and the Das Island liquefaction facility (offshore).

    The first tranche, valued at $2.8bn, was awarded to UK-headquartered Wood for the Habshan facility. The company said the contract value includes pass-through revenue and that it expects to recognise about $400m in EPCm revenue.

    Wood’s scope includes upgrades and debottlenecking of the Habshan and Habshan 5 gas processing complexes and pipelines, including brownfield modifications and the installation of new facilities.

    The remaining two tranches – $1.2bn for the Das Island liquefaction facility and $1.1bn for the Asab and Bu Hasa facilities – were awarded to UAE-based Petrofac and Dubai-based Kent, respectively.

    Petrofac, separately, said it will provide EPCm services and oversee procurement and construction contracts for a new inlet facility; two gas dehydration and compression trains, each with a capacity of 420 million cf/d; and associated infrastructure at Das Island. The company will also upgrade existing facilities to increase capacity for collecting and transporting raw gas.

    RGD growth phases

    Adnoc Gas’ capital expenditure commitment of $20bn for the 2023-29 period is expected to rise to about $28bn as it targets final investment decisions (FIDs) on the second and third phases of the RGD programme in the first quarter of 2026.

    These phases involve building a natural gas liquids (NGL) fractionation train at the Ruwais facility and a new gas processing train at Habshan. Adnoc Gas has selected main contractors for EPC works on both projects, although official contract awards are pending.

    Italy’s Tecnimont has been selected for the Ruwais NGL Train 5 project, which will have a capacity of 22,000 tonnes a day, or about 8 million tonnes a year.

    China-based Wison Engineering has been selected for the Habshan 7 gas processing train. The Habshan complex is one of the largest in the UAE and the wider Middle East and North Africa region, with a capacity of 6.1 billion cf/d across five trains and 14 processing units.

    With Adnoc Group advancing its P5 programme to raise oil production capacity to 5 million barrels a day by 2027, higher volumes of associated gas are set to enter the grid. The new train at Habshan, scheduled for commissioning in 2029, will help process these additional volumes.

    Bab Gas Cap development

    As part of its upstream expansion plans, Adnoc Group is working to extract gas from four underdeveloped gas cap reservoirs at the Bab onshore field: Thammama A, B, F and H. The Thammama A, B and H reservoirs are expected to produce a combined 1.45 billion cf/d, while Thammama F is projected to produce 396 million cf/d.

    Existing processing capacity at Habshan will be insufficient to handle these volumes. As a result, Adnoc Gas plans to build new facilities to process up to 1.85 billion cf/d of additional gas.

    The company is planning a new gas processing plant in the Bab area, about 170 kilometres from Abu Dhabi, along with associated pipelines and supporting infrastructure, as part of the broader Bab gas cap development project.

    Adnoc Gas has divided the EPC scope into four packages. It completed contractor prequalification in February and is expected to issue main EPC tenders in the second quarter.

    The company’s capital expenditure commitment could exceed $30bn once it reaches FID on the Bab gas cap development, which is expected later this year.

    https://image.digitalinsightresearch.in/uploads/NewsArticle/16281839/main.gif
    Indrajit Sen
  • Israel ramps up gas exports to Egypt

    7 April 2026

    Israel’s gas flows to Egypt have returned to pre-war levels after restarting on 4 April, helping to ease the ongoing gas shortage in the North African country.

    Around 1.1 billion cubic feet a day is being transported by pipeline from Israel’s Leviathan and Tamar gas fields, according to a Bloomberg report.

    This is the same level that was being transported prior to Israel shutting down production from its offshore gas fields due to security concerns, and halting flows to Egypt on 28 February.

    Despite having its own gas reserves, Egypt is a net importer of natural gas and has been impacted by the surge in global prices since the US and Israel started their war with Iran.

    Last month, Egypt increased the prices of several petroleum products and natural gas for vehicles due to higher global energy prices.

    On 9 March, Egypt raised the price of natural gas for vehicles by 30% to E£13 ($0.25) a cubic metre.

    Egypt’s Petroleum & Mineral Resources Ministry said the increase was introduced due to “exceptional circumstances” resulting from geopolitical developments in the Middle East and their direct impact on global energy markets.

    It said that the regional conflict had led to a significant increase in import and domestic production costs.

    Egypt, the Middle East and North Africa region’s biggest liquefied natural gas (LNG) importer, is facing uncertainty over its LNG supplies in the coming months.

    Between March 2025 and February 2026, Egypt imported 9,440 kilotonnes of LNG, with the majority purchased under short-term agreements, mainly with third parties such as trading houses.

    Last year, it was reported that Egypt had signed deals for around 150 cargoes through to the summer of 2026.

    READ THE APRIL 2026 MEED BUSINESS REVIEW – click here to view PDF

    Economic shock threatens long-term outlook; Riyadh adjusts to fiscal and geopolitical risk; GCC contractor ranking reflects gigaprojects slowdown.

    Distributed to senior decision-makers in the region and around the world, the April 2026 edition of MEED Business Review includes:

    > GCC CONTRACTOR RANKING: Construction guard undergoes a shift
    To see previous issues of MEED Business Review, please click here
    https://image.digitalinsightresearch.in/uploads/NewsArticle/16280784/main.jpg
    Wil Crisp
  • Egypt gas sector activity surges amid regional conflict

    7 April 2026

     

    There is a surge of activity in Egypt’s gas sector as investors pour money into boosting domestic production and the country makes deals to leverage its existing liquefied natural gas (LNG) export infrastructure.

    The increase in activity has come as the disruption to shipping through the Strait of Hormuz continues to prevent the shipment of around 20% of the world’s LNG supplies to consumer nations.

    While Egypt remains a net importer of natural gas, its geographical position, significant gas reserves and existing infrastructure, including two LNG export terminals, mean it can potentially capitalise on the current supply crunch.

    Harmattan development

    On 6 April, Arcius announced the final investment decision (FID) to develop the Harmattan gas field offshore Egypt.

    Arcius is a joint venture between UK-based BP and the UAE’s Adnoc, focused on developing gas assets in Egypt and the wider Eastern Mediterranean.

    The company acquired the El-Burg offshore concession area, which includes the Harmattan field, in February.

    An engineering, procurement, installation and commissioning (EPIC) contract for the project has been awarded to Egypt’s Enppi, while Cairo-based Petrojet and Petroleum Marine Services (PMS) have been awarded work as subcontractors.

    In a statement, Naser Al-Yafei, the chief executive of Arcius, said: “The FID to develop the Harmattan field marks an important milestone in advancing one of our first projects in Egypt toward production.”

    Idku LNG

    UK-based Shell also held a meeting with Egypt’s Petroleum Minister Karim Badawi recently, with talks focusing on increasing domestic natural gas production and utilising the Idku LNG export terminal.

    The terminal has a nameplate capacity of 7.2 million tonnes a year, but is not currently operated at full capacity.

    The Idku facility is owned by a consortium of companies, with Shell and Malaysia’s Petronas holding the biggest stakes.

    Gas corridor

    On 30 March, Egypt signed a natural gas cooperation agreement with Cyprus, laying the groundwork for a regional gas corridor that will allow Nicosia to transport its gas to Egypt to use its export infrastructure.

    The signing ceremony took place on the sidelines of a conference in Cairo, where both parties agreed to cooperate on the development and exploitation of gas resources.

    The text of the agreement focused on technical and commercial aspects of the deal, establishing a basis for future negotiations.

    Under the agreed terms, Cyprus’ gas will be processed in Egypt’s liquefaction facilities before being shipped to export markets.

    The agreement built on a memorandum of understanding (MoU) signed in February last year, in which Egypt agreed to buy gas from Cyprus’ Aphrodite field.

    Block 6

    It is also expected that Italy’s Eni, which operates Cyprus’ Block 6 concession with France’s TotalEnergies, will announce FID for the development of the Kronos field in the coming weeks.

    The field has reserves of 3.1 trillion cubic feet and, under current plans, the field’s gas will be transported to Egypt via pipeline before being exported from Egypt’s Damietta LNG terminal.

    Future investment

    As a net importer of natural gas, Egypt faces short-term economic problems due to the current high-price environment, forcing the country to pay more for energy imports.

    While this is a major setback for the country and is likely to erode its foreign currency reserves over the coming months, the current global shortage of natural gas could lead to increased investment in the country’s oil and gas sector.

    This could accelerate existing project plans within the sector as well as the development of new projects.

    READ THE APRIL 2026 MEED BUSINESS REVIEW – click here to view PDF

    Economic shock threatens long-term outlook; Riyadh adjusts to fiscal and geopolitical risk; GCC contractor ranking reflects gigaprojects slowdown.

    Distributed to senior decision-makers in the region and around the world, the April 2026 edition of MEED Business Review includes:

    > GCC CONTRACTOR RANKING: Construction guard undergoes a shift
    To see previous issues of MEED Business Review, please click here
    https://image.digitalinsightresearch.in/uploads/NewsArticle/16280782/main.jpg
    Wil Crisp
  • Adnoc Gas and Borouge facilities suffer Iranian attacks

    6 April 2026

    Debris from Iranian drones intercepted by the UAE’s air defence systems has caused damage at the Habshan gas processing facility operated by Adnoc Gas in Abu Dhabi, killing one person on site, as well as at the petrochemicals complex operated by Borouge.

    In a disclosure to the Abu Dhabi Securities Exchange (ADX) on 5 April, Adnoc Gas, a subsidiary of Abu Dhabi National Oil Company (Adnoc Group), said debris resulting from a successful interception by UAE air defences in the area caused damage to a limited number of facilities within the Habshan gas complex on 3 April.

    The incident resulted in the death of an engineer working at the facility for Egyptian contractor Petrojet during evacuation. Four other contractors sustained minor injuries and were discharged from hospital after receiving treatment.

    Specialised teams were immediately dispatched to isolate the affected area and begin a comprehensive assessment of the damage to the production line, which is ongoing, Adnoc Gas said.

    “We are profoundly saddened by the loss of life and extend our deepest condolences to the family and loved ones of the deceased. Our thoughts are also with the injured colleagues, and we wish them a full and speedy recovery. The safety, security and wellbeing of our people remains our highest priority,” Fatema Al-Nuaimi, CEO of Adnoc Gas, said in the filing.

    “We remain committed to delivering shareholder value. Our balance-sheet strength and capital discipline support the resilience of the company,” she added.

    Adnoc Gas further said it is meeting domestic demand in the UAE through other facilities, with no impact on customer supply. “The company continues to actively collaborate with international customers and partners where needed,” it said in its disclosure.

    The Habshan gas processing facility has been attacked at least twice in March during Iran’s ongoing war with Israel and the US.

    Borouge incident

    Authorities in Abu Dhabi reported fire damage at Borouge’s main petrochemical facility caused by fragments from a drone interception falling on the complex on 5 April. No injuries were reported, the Abu Dhabi Media Office said.

    “Production activity in affected areas has been suspended following the incident whilst damage assessment and repairs are carried out,” the company said in a filing with ADX on 6 April.

    The company also highlighted market conditions. “A global shortage of polyolefins is driving a strong recovery in prices in March, which has continued in April,” it said.

    Borouge said it remains financially positioned to manage near-term impact. “Borouge retains significant financial resilience to navigate short-term operational disruption due to its strong cash generation and significant available liquidity.”

    Borouge pointed to strong operating performance heading into the disruption. “In the first quarter of 2026, Borouge achieved high utilisation rates and was able to sell a significant proportion of its production during the month of March via alternative routes,” the statement said.

    ALSO READ: Sultan Al-Jaber calls Strait of Hormuz blockade “economic terrorism”
    https://image.digitalinsightresearch.in/uploads/NewsArticle/16273020/main1639.jpg
    Indrajit Sen