meed-logo

line1 line2 line3
SIGN IN / REGISTER

Political deadlock in Lebanon blocks reforms

5 June 2023

 

Lebanon’s political deadlock is likely to continue to weigh on the country’s economy and undermine security over the medium term, according to experts.

The country currently has an interim government and has been without a president since former President Michel Aoun’s term ended at the end of October last year.

Progress towards forming a new government is likely to be slow, with the legislature divided over who should replace Aoun as president.

In March, the Iran-backed Hezbollah group and House Speaker Nabih Berri’s Amal Movement party – which together constitute Lebanon’s Shia base – announced their support for the Christian politician Sleiman Frangieh.

Hezbollah and its allies have since tried to gather support for Frangieh as president, but strong opposition from the majority of the country’s Christian, Sunni and Druze political blocs has left him short of the 65 votes required to be elected in the 128-member legislature.

Over recent weeks, members of Lebanon’s parliament that oppose Frangieh have started to rally around the former finance minister Jihad Azour.

Azour currently serves as the director of the Middle East and Central Asia Department at the International Monetary Fund (IMF).

As the parliament is divided, whether either candidate can obtain a majority vote remains uncertain. According to experts, even if a president is named, it will be extremely difficult for them to form a government.

Nicholas Blanford, a non-resident senior fellow with the Atlantic Council’s Middle East programmes, says it will likely be some time before a government is formed.

“Getting a president elected is only the first step,” he said. “Once the new president is in place, there is the tricky task of forming a new government.

“As we’ve seen over the past 20 years, forming a new government can take months as people bicker and jostle for various lucrative and influential portfolios.”

Barbara Leaf, the US assistant secretary for Near Eastern affairs, said on 31 May, during a Senate committee hearing, that the Biden administration was considering sanctions if a new president is not elected soon

Outside pressure

Only when a government has been formed will Lebanon be able to start initiating the series of reforms that the international community has demanded to unlock aid, grants and loans to try to put the country on the path to economic recovery.

As Lebanon’s economic crisis has worsened and the security situation has declined, increasing pressure has been applied from other countries that want to try to restore stability in the region.

Barbara Leaf, the US assistant secretary for Near Eastern affairs, said on 31 May, during a Senate committee hearing, that the Biden administration was considering sanctions if a new president is not elected soon.

Separately, two members of the US House Foreign Affairs Committee called on the administration to impose sanctions on individuals involved in corruption to “make clear to Lebanon’s political class that the status quo is not acceptable”.

In a letter to Secretary of State Antony Blinken on 30 May, they said: “We also call on the administration to continue pressing for full accountability for the August 2020 Beirut port blast and support independent, international investigatory efforts into egregious fraud and malfeasance by the governor of Lebanon’s central bank.

They added: “We must not allow Lebanon to be held hostage by those looking to advance their own selfish interests.”

French crackdown

French officials have also taken action to try to crack down on perceived corruption by members of Lebanon’s political elite.

In May, French prosecutors issued an arrest warrant for Lebanon’s central bank governor, Riad Salameh.

The warrant followed Salameh’s failure to appear before French prosecutors to be questioned on corruption charges.

In response, Salameh issued a statement saying that the arrest warrant violated the law.

Salameh has been the target of a series of judicial investigations at home and abroad on allegations that include fraud, money laundering and illicit enrichment.

European investigators looking into the fortune he has amassed during three decades in the job had scheduled a hearing in Paris for 16 May.

A key problem is you still have the same cabal of oligarchs in power and it is likely they will still be represented in the next government
Nicholas Blanford, Atlantic Council’s Middle East programmes

Breaking the deadlock

Analysts believe cracking down on corruption among Lebanon’s political elite is key to breaking the country’s political deadlock.

“A key problem is that you still have the same cabal of oligarchs in power and it is likely that they will still be represented in the next government,” said Blanford. “These oligarchs do not want reform because if they implement a meaningful reform process, they run the risk of losing their positions of power.”

While the country’s opposing political blocs continue to vie for power and the formation of a new government seemingly remains only possible after at least several months of negotiations, the outlook for Lebanon in the short term looks bleak.

Meaningful government assistance for Lebanese citizens struggling with declining security and heightened economic pressures remains a distant prospect. High levels of emigration are also likely to continue as the country’s population seeks relief from the hardships at home.

https://image.digitalinsightresearch.in/uploads/NewsArticle/10907713/main.gif
Wil Crisp

Register for MEED's guest program now to access this article.

Click here to register
Exclusive from Meed
Related Articles
  • Riyadh sets December deadline for Prince Mishaal Road

    20 November 2025

     

    The Royal Commission for Riyadh City (RCRC) has allowed contractors until 3 December to submit bids for a contract to develop Prince Mishaal Bin Abdulaziz Road Axis-Taif Road in Riyadh.

    The previous deadline was 19 November.

    The scope of work covers general road improvement works, including street upgrades, drainage works, relocation of existing utilities, dry and wet utilities, and other associated infrastructure. RCRC is investing in improving the road network in and around the kingdom's capital.

    Earlier in November, MEED reported that RCRC had begun post-tender clarifications with bidders for a contract covering upgrade works on Najm Al-Din Al-Ayoubi Road in Riyadh.

    The scope of work covers general road improvement works, including upgrades to three bridges at Al-Zahabi Road, Abdulrahman Adakhel Road and Atia Al-Saady Road.

    In February, RCRC announced plans to develop eight road projects in Riyadh at an estimated cost of more than SR8bn ($2bn).

    The projects form part of the second group in the Riyadh Ring Roads and Main Axes development programme.

    The schemes include:

    • The northern part of the Prince Turki Bin Abdulaziz Al-Awwal Road development project, with a length of more than 6 kilometres (km). The scope includes the development of two main intersections, the construction of three bridges and a tunnel.
    • The middle section of the Al-Thumama Road Axis development project. The scheme will cover about 10km and includes the development of five main intersections and the construction of 11 bridges and five tunnels.
    • The Imam Abdullah Bin Saud Road development project, which will stretch about 9km and includes the development of four main intersections, the construction of three bridges and two tunnels.
    • The Dirab Road development project, which will cover 9km and includes the development of two main intersections and the construction of nine bridges.
    • The Imam Muslim Road development project, which stretches 12km and includes the development of four main intersections and the construction of four bridges. The project will serve as the future extension of the Prince Turki Bin Abdulaziz Al-Awwal Road Axis to the south.
    • The road network development project surrounding King Abdullah Financial Centre, with a length of 20km. This includes the development of three main intersections and the construction of 19 bridges.
    • The construction of a bridge at the intersection of King Salman Road in the east with Abu Bakr Al-Siddiq Road in the north.
    • The first package of engineering modifications for crowded sites in Riyadh, encompassing improvements to alleviate traffic congestion during peak times.

    In August last year, RCRC confirmed it had awarded four contracts worth SR13bn ($3.46bn) as part of the first phase of the programme to develop the city’s road network.

    RCRC said the first phase will develop the axis of the main and ring roads to improve traffic movement in the city.

    Other major projects by RCRC include Riyadh Metro, Riyadh Art, Sports Boulevard, King Salman International Park and the Green Riyadh project.

    https://image.digitalinsightresearch.in/uploads/NewsArticle/15123861/main.jpg
    Yasir Iqbal
  • Riyadh advances with rail link prequalifications

    20 November 2025

     

    Saudi Arabia Railways (SAR) is expected to begin the second stage of the prequalification process for a contract covering the construction of a new railway line, known as the Riyadh Rail Link, which will run from the north to the south of Riyadh.

    MEED understands that the consortiums need to propose self-funded financing arrangements for the project as part of the new round of prequalifications.

    Contractors submitted their initial prequalification documents earlier this month.

    The scope of work includes constructing a 35-kilometre-long double-track railway line connecting SAR’s North-South Railway to the Eastern Railway network.

    The contract also covers the procurement, construction and installation of associated infrastructure such as viaducts, civil works, utility installations, signalling systems and other related works.

    The project is expected to form a key component of the Saudi Landbridge railway.

    The Saudi Landbridge is an estimated $7bn project comprising more than 1,500km of new track. Its core component is a 900km new railway between Riyadh and Jeddah, which will provide direct freight access to the capital from King Abdullah Port on the Red Sea.

    Other key sections include upgrades to the existing Riyadh-Dammam line and a link between King Abdullah Port and Yanbu.

    The start of tendering activity for the Riyadh Rail Link project makes the construction of the Saudi Landbridge more likely. 

    The project is one of the kingdom’s most anticipated infrastructure programmes. Plans to develop it were first announced in 2004, but the project was put on hold in 2010 before being revived a year later.

    Key stumbling blocks were rights-of-way issues, route alignment and its high cost.

    In December 2023, MEED reported that a team of US-based Hill International, Italy’s Italferr and Spain’s Sener had been awarded the contract to provide project management services for the programme.

    If it proceeds, the Landbridge will be one of the largest railway projects ever undertaken in the Middle East – and among the biggest globally.

    https://image.digitalinsightresearch.in/uploads/NewsArticle/15123411/main.jpg
    Yasir Iqbal
  • Local contractor bids low for $629m Kuwait oil project

    20 November 2025

    Kuwait-based Mechanical Engineering & Contracting Company (MECC) has submitted the lowest bid on a contract to develop oil and gas facilities at the Sabriya and Bahra oil fields.

    The scope of the project is focused on developing a water separation facility next to Gathering Centre 23 (GC-23) and GC-24.

    It also includes developing an injection facility at GC-31.

    The full list of bidders for the project is:

    • Mechanical Engineering & Contracting Company (MECC) – KD193m ($629m)
    • Spetco – KD229m
    • Alghanim International – KD239m

    The tender was issued on 15 December 2024, with an initial bid submission deadline of 16 March 2025.

    The bid deadline was extended more than 10 times before prices were submitted.

    The client on the project is state-owned upstream operator Kuwait Oil Company (KOC).

    The scope of the project includes:

    • Installation of a high-integrity pressure protection system
    • Installation of chemical injection systems
    • Installation of effluent water transfer pumps
    • Installation of a low-pressure (LP) gas pipeline from the new LP gas knockout drum (KOD) to existing LP separator gas crude accumulator (inside GC-23 & 24)
    • Installation of interconnecting piping, instrumentation, electrical and civil works
    • Installation of a new oil recovery system with pumps, flowmeter and analyser
    • Installation of the substation and its equipment/systems
    • Installation of tie-ins for process and utilities from/to existing GC-30 to new injection facility
    • Installation of sludge collection, treatment and disposal system
    • Associated facilities

    Kuwait is trying to boost project activity in its upstream sector.

    The country’s national oil company, Kuwait Petroleum Corporation, aims to increase oil production capacity to 4 million barrels a day (b/d) by 2035.

    In August, Kuwait announced that it was producing 3.2 million b/d.

    Earlier this month, KOC said it was planning to spend KD1.2bn ($3.92bn) on its exploration drilling programme through 2030.

    https://image.digitalinsightresearch.in/uploads/NewsArticle/15120909/main.png
    Wil Crisp
  • Oman’s Marafiq retenders Duqm desalination plant

    20 November 2025

    Register for MEED’s 14-day trial access 

    Oman-based Central Utilities Company (Marafiq) has reissued the main contract tender for its planned seawater reverse osmosis (RO) desalination plant in Duqm.

    The revised submission deadline is 25 November.

    The project has an estimated budget of $100m and will supply industrial water and support wastewater services in the Duqm Special Economic Zone.

    The scheme involves building a seawater RO plant, an intake system, pre-treatment facilities, pumping stations, metering stations, pipelines and associated infrastructure.

    Marafiq is developing the project in its capacity as the authorised utilities provider for the Duqm Special Economic Zone.

    The company intends to develop a plant with a capacity of 45 million litres a day to serve industrial customers, including a planned hot-briquetted iron (HBI) facility proposed by an international steel manufacturer at Duqm Port. 

    Spain’s Cobra Group and Oman’s Global Chemicals & Maintenance System were previously prequalified to bid for the engineering, procurement and construction contract.

    The main contract was initially tendered in December 2024, with the bid submission deadline in February. 

    https://image.digitalinsightresearch.in/uploads/NewsArticle/15116821/main.jpg
    Mark Dowdall
  • Wood Group wins Iraq oil contract

    20 November 2025

    Register for MEED’s 14-day trial access 

    Aberdeen-based Wood Group has won a contract to deliver project management and engineering services for PetroChina at the West Qurna-1 oil field in southern Iraq, according to a statement from the company.

    Under the terms of the contract, Wood will manage engineering, procurement and construction (EPC) projects at the field. 

    Located approximately 50 kilometres northwest of Basra, West Qurna-1 holds more than 20 billion barrels of recoverable reserves.

    Ellis Renforth, Wood’s president of operations for the Europe, Africa and Middle East region, said: “This contract award deepens our decade-long partnership at West Qurna-1 and reflects the continued trust placed in Wood to deliver complex energy solutions in Iraq. 

    “We’re proud to combine our global expertise with a strong local workforce to help support Iraq’s energy ambitions.”

    The contract will be delivered by nearly 200 Wood employees based in Iraq and the UAE, the company said.

    On 17 November, in a vote, 88% of Wood Group’s shareholders backed the company’s takeover by Dubai-based Sidara.

    The vote came after months of delay, while Wood struggled to agree its accounts with its auditor.

    The company’s accounts were eventually published on 30 October, showing a pre-tax loss of more than £2bn and evidence that the auditor was still not satisfied with the figures going back several years.

    Wood Group accepted a $292m conditional takeover bid from Sidara in August.

    As of February, Wood Group employed 35,000 people across about 60 countries, many in consulting and engineering roles.

    In the Middle East, the company has project contracts in Iraq, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia and the UAE, where it has opened its third office in Sharjah.

    https://image.digitalinsightresearch.in/uploads/NewsArticle/15122155/main.png
    Wil Crisp