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Monthly briefing: 22 key developments in the region

28 September 2022

By Indrajit Sen

> Opec+ agrees minor production increase

> King appoints crown prince as Saudi prime minister

> Lebanon parliament approves $1.2bn draft budget

> Iraq court rules against national oil company

> Libya oil production continues to grow

> President approves Egypt's Olympic plans

> Dubai prepares hydrogen strategy

> GCC central banks raise interest rates

> UK and GCC hold ministerial meeting at the UN

OIL

Oil producers will raise output by 100,000b/d in October

The Opec+ alliance of oil producers decided in September that it would increase oil production by just 100,000 barrels a day (b/d) in October to support crude prices, which have fluctuated in recent weeks amid fears that a global economic recession will curb demand for oil. 

Opec+ members also increased overall oil production by 100,000b/d in September. 

The alliance agreed to increase its July and August crude production by about 50 per cent to 648,000b/d, fully restoring the 5.8 million b/d output that the group had cut at the peak of the Covid-19 pandemic. Read more

IRAN

Deadly protests follow woman’s death in custody

Thirty-five people have been killed in protests in Iran following the death of Mahsa Amini in police custody on 16 September.

Protests have been reported in 31 provinces.

The 22-year-old Amini had been detained for breaking headscarf rules and was reportedly beaten with batons.

Officials said she suffered heart failure and Interior Minister Ahmad Vahidi has stated that she was not beaten. 

President Ebrahim Raisi pledged to crack down on the unrest on 24 September.

The official Islamic Republic News Agency reported on 25 September that there had been large-scale demonstrations to condemn the protests.



21 September: Iranian demonstrators take to the streets of Tehran during a protest for Mahsa Amini, days after she died in police custody. Credit: AFP via Getty Images

SALIK IPO

Dubai toll operator raises over $1bn from oversubscribed stock listing

Dubai toll operator Salik raised $1.017bn from its initial public offering (IPO) on the Dubai Financial Market, as part of a series of IPOs of state enterprises aimed at boosting the size of the emirate's capital market.

The IPO was more than 49 times oversubscribed across all tranches, with total gross demand at $50.2bn.

The company had set its offering price at AED2 ($0.54) a share, giving it a valuation of more than $4bn.

The emirate's government sold more than 1.867 billion shares in the company, or 24.9 per cent, up from the previously announced 1.5 billion shares, equivalent to 20 per cent.

ARAB PEACE

Saudi Arabia, Arab League and EU hold meeting in New York

Saudi Foreign Affairs Minister Prince Faisal bin Farhan al-Saud and Arab League secretary-general Ahmed Aboul Gheit attended a meeting of the Arab Peace Initiative Committee and its sponsors in the EU. The meeting took place at the UN General Assembly in New York. 

The Arab Peace Initiative, which Saudi Arabia launched in 2002, is a proposal to end the Arab-Israeli conflict. The members of the Arab Peace Initiative Committee are Jordan, Egypt, Bahrain, Tunisia, Algeria, Saudi Arabia, Sudan, Iraq, Palestine, Qatar, Lebanon, Morocco and Yemen. The initiative is sponsored by Spain, Sweden and France.

GCC

Two years of high oil prices set to improve regional outlook

Rating agency Moody’s Investors Service has said that elevated oil prices during the next two years will lead to a significant improvement in the fiscal and external positions of GCC sovereigns, partly reversing the sharp deterioration in their balance sheets since 2015. 

Improvements in creditworthiness will hinge on the extent to which regional governments utilise the windfall to address constraints posed by their exposure to cyclical oil price and demand volatility, and by longer-term carbon transition risks, Moody’s said.

The agency expects oil prices to average about $105 a barrel in 2022 and $95 a barrel in 2023. As a result, most hydrocarbon-exporting countries in the GCC will run fiscal and current account surpluses, allowing governments to pay down debts, rebuild fiscal reserves and accumulate foreign-currency buffers.

GULF BANKS

Regional banks are returning to pre-pandemic form

After a strong first half, ratings agency S&P Global expects that earnings for most GCC banks will almost reach pre-pandemic levels by the end of this year amid high oil prices and rising interest rates.

In the second half of 2022, S&P forecasts further strengthening of regional banks’ interest margins and a manageable rise in cost of risk amid lingering effects from the Covid-19 pandemic via loans that benefited from support measures and were then restructured. Combined, these factors will be a net positive for banks’ earnings.

SAUDI ARABIA

Saudi infrastructure and property projects top $1.1tn

The aggregate value of property and infrastructure projects since the launch of Saudi Arabia’s National Transformation Plan in 2016 has crossed $1.1tn as the kingdom continues to diversify its economy, according to real estate consultancy Knight Frank. 

The $500bn Neom city development is the biggest of 15 major projects in Saudi Arabia that are currently at various phases of construction. The kingdom plans to have more than 555,000 residential units, 275,000 hotel rooms, 4.3 million square metres (sq m) of retail and 6.1 million sq m of new office space by 2030. 

The country is also developing several large-scale tourism projects as it seeks to increase the economic contribution of the sector from 3 per cent of GDP to 10 per cent by the end of this decade.

JERUSALEM

UK prime minister considers relocating British embassy

UK Prime Minister Liz Truss is considering moving the British embassy in Tel Aviv to Jerusalem. 

Truss spoke about a possible move to the contested city during a meeting with Israeli Prime Minister Yair Lapid on the sidelines of the UN General Assembly in New York in September. 

Despite Israel having designated Jerusalem as its capital, Britain has long maintained its embassy in Tel Aviv. 

When he was president of the US, Donald Trump took the controversial decision to relocate the American embassy to Jerusalem in May 2018. 

Both Israelis and Palestinians claim the city as their capital.

SAUDI ARABIA

First Saudi woman to be sent to space in a crewed mission

Saudi Arabia plans to send a woman into space for the first time as part of its new mission programme. 

A crew will be launched next year that will include the first Saudi female pilot and astronaut. 

The kingdom’s astronaut programme aims to produce qualified Saudi citizens who will take part in short- and long-term space flights, as well as participate in scientific experiments, international research and future space-related missions. 

The new programme comes under the umbrella of Saudi Vision 2030 and will fall under the National Space Strategy, the details of which will be announced in the coming months.

FIFA WORLD CUP

Qatar to shut borders to non-World Cup ticket holders

Entry to Qatar will be restricted from 1 November to citizens, residents and holders of the World Cup Hayya card, the tournament’s organising committee has announced. 

The suspension of visits by people not attending Fifa World Cup matches will continue until 23 December, five days after the final match takes place in Doha. 

The restrictions apply to all air, land and sea borders into Qatar. 

Football fans in possession of a match ticket for the World Cup must also apply for a Hayya entry permit – a pre-approved digital visa linked to a passport that offers free public transport around the country. 

The Hayya card allows entry into Qatar until 23 January 2023. 

Qatari citizens and residents, GCC citizens holding a Qatari identification card, holders of work entry permits and personal visas, and approved humanitarian cases will be exempt from the restrictions.
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    24 November 2025

     

    Saudi Arabia’s National Housing Company (NHC) has awarded Riyadh-based Alomaier Trading & Contracting Company a contract to carry out infrastructure works at its Khuzam residential development in Riyadh.

    The scope of work covers all infrastructure works across an area of 4,000,000 square metres (sq m) in stage three, phase three of the Khuzam residential project.

    Construction works have started, and the project is expected to be completed in 2028.

    NHC’s Khuzam project is located to the north of Riyadh, near King Khalid International airport and the Expo 2030 site.

    The development will offer more than 50,000 residential units and will include parks, commercial areas and other associated amenities.

    It will also feature a grand park spanning an area of more than 4.5 million sq m.

    MEED reported in 2020 that Riyadh planned to oversee the development of more than 1 million homes by 2025 to meet growing demand in the kingdom.

    By 2030, the Saudi capital aims to more than double its population, from 7-8 million to 15-20 million, and become one of the 10 wealthiest cities in the world.

    Alomaier Trading & Contracting is undertaking some major infrastructural development projects across the kingdom.

    In 2023, MEED reported that Saudi Arabia’s National Water Company had awarded a contract worth SR371m ($99m) to Alomaier Trading & Contracting. It covers the construction of a sewage network in Dammam’s King Fahd suburb and adjacent areas.

    The contract also involves the construction of regression lines with diameters of up to 700 millimetres (mm) and a total length of 300 kilometres (km), as well as five ejection lines with diameters of up to 500mm and a total length of 15km, according to data obtained from the regional projects tracker MEED Projects.

    The firm specialises in the construction of roads, railways and other infrastructural development works.

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  • Saudi utility firm awards water transmission contract

    24 November 2025

    Saudi Arabia’s state-owned utility National Water Company (NWC) has awarded a contract for the operation and maintenance of water distribution networks to local firm International Water Distribution Company (Tawzea).

    The project comprises the operation and maintenance of water transmission pipelines in Medina province, Sisco Holding announced.

    Sisco Holding, also known as Saudi Industrial Services Company, holds a 50% stake in Tawzea. The other 50% stake is owned by Amiantit Water, a subsidiary of Saudi Arabian Amiantit Company.

    The contract is valued at SR133.4m ($35.6m) and has a duration of 36 months.

    It covers main and secondary pipelines, reservoirs, pumping stations, valves and all related components of the water distribution system.

    NWC has also been advancing major sewer network expansion plans in Hafar Al-Batin and Al-Qaisomah.

    The utility recently awarded local firm Alkhorayef Water & Power Technologies (AWPT) a contract to deliver the next phase of this project.

    The phase four (part two) package involves constructing about 184 kilometres of sanitary sewer pipeline.

    As of September, NWC had awarded $337m-worth of contracts. This includes a separate contract awarded to AWPT in August for a sewage network scheme in Al-Kharj governorate.

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  • Larsen & Toubro climbs EPC contractor ranking

    24 November 2025

     

    The oil, gas and petrochemical engineering, procurement and construction (EPC) sector in the Middle East and North Africa (Mena) has enjoyed another strong year in historical terms.

    This remains true even though the total value of awards in 2025 – $62.5bn as of the first week of November – looks set to fall short of the record highs of $86bn in 2023 and $95bn in 2024. The level of market activity nevertheless remains well above the long-term average of $46bn and the 10-year average of $50bn.

    Looking beyond the top line, the most notable trend of the year is the outsized success of India’s Larsen & Toubro (L&T) in securing many of the largest recent schemes in Saudi Arabia and Qatar. 

    Chinese contractors have also made steady progress in increasing their market share. Some industry stalwarts, by contrast, have seen considerably less success.

    While some of this can be attributed to the cyclical nature of tendering and more selective bidding by established players with already large order books, MEED’s ranking of total execution values bears out the broader trends.

    L&T’s dramatic surge

    The most dramatic shift in the EPC landscape over the past 12 months (Q4 2024-Q3 2025) has been a $12.7bn surge in awards secured by L&T. This rapid expansion of its value of work under execution to $25.4bn has brought the company to within one place of the top of MEED’s EPC contractor rankings – falling just shy of the $26.9bn currently being executed by Italy’s Saipem.

    L&T’s recent successes include the March win of the $4bn combined package 4A and 4B (Comp4) of QatarEnergy LNG’s North Field Production Sustainability programme – the largest project awarded during the period. L&T also won the $2.5bn fifth natural gas liquids train (NGL-5) project from QatarEnergy, and four separate contracts worth more than $1bn each with Saudi Aramco.

    These wins built on an already burgeoning order book – one that also includes the $3.6bn phase 2: package 1 of the Jafurah gas treatment facility, awarded by Aramco in September 2023.

    L&T’s rise has also been helped by relative inactivity among other top firms. Both Saipem and Italy’s Maire Tecnimont achieved prominent ranking positions a year earlier after securing, respectively, the $8.2bn offshore and $8.7bn onshore packages of Adnoc’s Hail and Ghasha programme in October 2023. Those awards, together with other contracts, saw the two Italian firms secure roughly $12bn in awards each in a single 12‑month stretch, catapulting them up the ranking.

    However, neither company has added significantly to their pools of work over the past 12 months, in sharp contrast with L&T, which has seized momentum in the regional contracting landscape. So far, L&T has displaced Maire Tecnimont to reach second place regionally; another year of even marginally comparable momentum should put it at the top.

    Also notable is the gap between L&T’s total awards over the past 12 months and those of its nearest competitors. L&T’s $12.7bn in wins rivals the combined value of the next three largest EPC contractors. As a share of an estimated $70bn in total awards across the sector over the same period, L&T secured about 18% of the work.

    The previous year, Saipem and Maire Tecnimont each secured closer to 12% of awards. This underlines L&T’s considerable momentum both in terms of its order book and market share growth.

    Chinese push

    Two other significant winners over the past 12 months are China Petroleum Engineering & Construction Corporation (CPECC) and China Offshore Oil Engineering Company (COOEC), which secured $5bn and $4.3bn-worth of awards, respectively.

    These contracts wins have moved the two Chinese firms up into the top 20 EPC contractors. CPECC’s success is largely attributable to the niche it has developed in Iraq and Algeria, where about $4.4bn of its awards were won – led by a $1.6bn contract to deliver the central gas complex for Basra Oil Company’s Artawi development.

    COOEC’s recent wins have been concentrated in the GCC, specifically on phases one and two of QatarEnergy’s Bul Hanine offshore oil field expansion, which are worth a combined $4bn.

    The US’ McDermott and Spain’s Tecnicas Reunidas – two long-term regional players – recorded the next strongest order-book additions, securing about $3.8bn and $3.4bn, respectively. McDermott’s new work includes the $2bn phase two of Adnoc Offshore’s Umm Shaif long‑term development plan and a $1.8bn contract to lay offshore pipelines and subsea power cables for QatarEnergy LNG’s North Field South programme.

    The next five biggest bookers over the period were South Korea’s Samsung C&T and Samsung E&A, the UAE’s Lamprell and Target Engineering, and Qatar’s Doha Petroleum Construction Company (DOPET) – each securing more than $2bn.

    Samsung C&T’s top award was for QatarEnergy’s $2.5bn carbon sequestration complex; Samsung E&A’s was for Taziz Chemicals’ $1.7bn methanol plant in phase one of its industrial chemicals zone.

    Lamprell secured five separate contracts from Saudi Aramco, the largest a $1.5bn award for offshore infrastructure on the Zuluf development.

    Target secured three UAE contracts, led by a $1.5bn award from Adnoc Offshore for phase five of its Das Island terminal facilities (part of the Lower Zakum long‑term development).

    DOPET secured two contracts from QatarEnergy, led by a $2bn award for phase three of the Bul Hanine offshore oil field expansion.

    Across the activity, it remains conspicuous how rapidly values fall away from the top winners and how concentrated the recent awards are with L&T. While the contraction in total award value may partly explain this dynamic, the broader trend is clear: the concentration of work with L&T makes it the company to watch in regional bidding rounds in the year ahead.

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  • Chinese firm signs deal for Algerian steel project

    24 November 2025

    China’s Sinomach Heavy Equipment has signed a contract to develop a steel rolling facility in Algeria.

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    The turnkey contract includes planning, design, equipment supply, construction, installation and commissioning.

    The scope of the project includes:

    • A rolling mill production line
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    In a statement, CNHMC said: “The signing of this contract marks a new stage in the company's market expansion in the African metallurgical sector.

    “CNHMC will fully leverage its technological and management advantages in the metallurgical field, strictly control the project's quality and schedule, and strive to complete and deliver the project on schedule with high quality and high standards, making it a benchmark project in the Algerian market.”

    The company said it will use its regional headquarters in Turkiye to ramp up its activities in the Algerian market and other neighbouring countries.

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  • Contractors submit Riyadh Expo infrastructure bids

    24 November 2025

     

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    Saudi Arabia’s Expo 2030 Riyadh Company (ERC), which is tasked with delivering the Expo 2030 Riyadh venue, received commercial bids from contractors on 23 November for the tender to undertake the initial infrastructure works at the site.

    The tender for the project’s initial infrastructure works was issued in September, MEED previously reported.

    In October, MEED revealed that 16 firms had been invited to bid for the contract to undertake the initial infrastructure works at the Expo 2030 Riyadh site.

    The firms invited to bid include:

    • Shibh Al-Jazira Contracting (local)
    • Hassan Allam Construction (Egypt)
    • El-Seif Engineering Contracting (local)
    • Al-Ayuni Investment & Contracting (local)
    • Kolin Construction (Turkiye)
    • Al-Yamama Trading & Contracting Company (local)
    • Saudi Pan Kingdom (local)
    • Unimac (local)
    • Mapa Insaat (Turkiye)
    • Yuksel Insaat (Turkiye)
    • IC Ictas / Al-Rashid Trading & Contracting (Turkiye/local)
    • Mota-Engil / Albawani (Portugal/local)
    • Almabani / FCC Construction (local/Spain)

    The overall infrastructure works – covering the construction of the main utilities and civil works at Expo 2030 Riyadh – will be split into three packages:

    • Lot 1 covers the main utilities corridor
    • Lot 2 includes the northern cluster of the nature corridor
    • Lot 3 comprises the southern cluster of the nature corridor

    In July, US-based engineering firm Bechtel Corporation announced it had won the project management consultancy deal for the delivery of the Expo 2030 Riyadh masterplan construction works.

    The masterplan encompasses an area of 6 square kilometres, making it one of the largest sites designated for a World Expo event. Situated to the north of the Saudi capital, the site will be located near the future King Salman International airport, providing direct access to various landmarks within Riyadh.

    Countries participating in Expo 2030 Riyadh will have the option to construct permanent pavilions. This initiative is expected to create opportunities for business and investment growth in the region.

    The expo is forecast to attract more than 40 million visitors.

    The Public Investment Fund (PIF), Saudi Arabia’s sovereign wealth vehicle, launched ERC in June as a wholly owned subsidiary to build and operate facilities for Expo 2030.

    In a statement, the PIF said: “During its construction phases, Expo 2030 Riyadh and its legacy are projected to contribute around $64bn to Saudi GDP and generate approximately 171,000 direct and indirect jobs. Once operational, it is expected to contribute approximately $5.6bn to GDP.”

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