Monthly briefing: 14 key developments in the region
21 November 2022
By MEED staff
> Lukewarm Cop27 ends
> UAE and US sign $100bn energy programme
> BlackRock looks to invest in projects with PIF
> Riyadh signs construction deals during Seoul visit
> Middle East outpaces global economic growth
> Riyadh Grade A office occupancy hits 98 per cent
> Dubai developer plans world's tallest residential building
> Saudi Arabia launches national automaker
> Alba reaches Block 4 financial close
> Partners award contracts for $8.5bn US chemicals project
> Investors launch Sohar industrial projects
> Aramco and IBM plan Riyadh innovation hub
COP27
Egypt climate conference ends with agreement on payout
Negotiators from nearly 200 countries at the 2022 UN climate summit Cop27, which took place in Egypt on 6-18 November, have agreed to set up a loss and damage fund aimed at helping vulnerable countries to cope with climate disasters. They also agreed that global greenhouse gas emissions need to be cut nearly in half by 2030.
The agreement also reaffirmed the goal of keeping global warming to 1.5 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels. However, a deal to phase out the use of fossil fuels, and not just coal, could not be agreed upon after a number of nations, including China and Saudi Arabia, blocked the proposal. Read more

The Middle East was thrust firmly onto the global stage on 20 November when football’s 2022 World Cup kicked off in Qatar
Region pitches to be global sporting hub
OIL
Opec and non-Opec partners cut 2 million b/d of production
Saudi Arabia, the world’s largest crude oil exporter, has started to cut its exports as Opec+ begins to reduce its overall target production by 2 million barrels a day (b/d).
Saudi Arabia had cut its crude oil exports by more than 400,000 b/d by the third week of November, while exports from Opec could be on course to drop by 1 million b/d.
In October, Opec+ announced it would slash its collective target by 2 million b/d from November. Although the actual reduction is expected to be about 1.1 million b/d, it is still the biggest cut since the record reduction announced in April 2020, when oil demand plunged at the start of the pandemic.
UAE-US DEAL
UAE and US sign $100bn clean energy partnership
The UAE and the US have signed a partnership that aims to catalyse $100bn in financing and other support, in addition to deploying 100GW of clean energy in the US, UAE and emerging economies around the world by 2035. They also reaffirmed their commitment to climate action, in line with their 2050 net-zero goals.
The two countries plan to stimulate private and public sector support in four areas: clean energy innovation, financing, deployment and supply chains; carbon and methane management; advanced reactors; and industrial and transport decarbonisation. Read more
PIF-BLACKROCK PARTNERSHIP
PIF and BlackRock agree to explore infrastructure projects
Saudi Arabia’s Public Investment Fund (PIF) has signed a non-binding memorandum of understanding with US asset manager BlackRock to jointly explore infrastructure projects in the Middle East, with a majority of the investment activity focused on Saudi Arabia.
The target projects are in several sectors, including energy, power, utilities, water, environment, transportation, telecommunications and social infrastructure.
BlackRock will look to build a dedicated infrastructure investment team in Riyadh to cover the Middle East region.
In a statement, the PIF said that the aim is to leverage positive Saudi and regional market dynamics to deliver sustainable long-term returns.
The sovereign wealth fund added that the two entities plan to work together to attract regional and international investors to participate in investment projects, and boost foreign direct investment into Saudi Arabia.
This will add value to the Saudi economy and the wider market while facilitating knowledge and skills transfer. Read more
ECONOMIC OUTLOOK
IMF predicts economic growth for the Middle East in 2022
The real GDP of oil exporting countries in the Middle East is projected to grow at 5.2 per cent in 2022, up from 4.5 per cent in 2021, according to the Washington-based IMF.
Growth is projected to slow to 3.5 per cent in 2023 as Opec+ production wanes, oil prices ease and global demand slows.
Crude producers are projected to accrue a cumulative oil windfall of about $1tn in 2022−26, which the IMF said oil-exporting countries like Saudi Arabia and the UAE could use to continue to invest in projects that support future economic growth. Read more
SAUDI-KOREA PROJECTS
Deals worth $30bn signed during royal visit to Seoul
Agreements totalling an estimated $30bn were signed during Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman al-Saud’s visit to Seoul, South Korea on 17 November.
The biggest deal was a commitment from Saudi Aramco to invest $7bn in building an integrated refinery and petrochemicals complex in South Korea through its local affiliate S-Oil.
The new plant will have capacity to produce 3.2 million tonnes a year of petrochemicals.
Five South Korean companies – Korea Electric Power Corporation (Kepco), Korea Southern Power Company, Korea National Oil Corporation, Posco Holdings and Samsung C&T Corporation – have also signed agreements with Saudi Arabia’s Public Investment Fund to build and operate a green hydrogen and green ammonia production facility in Saudi Arabia. Read more
RIYADH REAL ESTATE
Riyadh Grade A office occupancy hits 98 per cent
Occupancy levels for prime office space in Riyadh have risen by four percentage points to 98 per cent according to a report by property consultancy Knight Frank.
Average lease rates for prime office space have increased by 18 per cent over the past 12 months to about SR1,775 ($473) a square foot. The company said there is unprecedented demand for Grade A office space.
“As the kingdom’s economic transformation plan unfolds, business activity is rising at an extraordinary pace. Seventy firms have now committed to relocating their regional headquarters to Riyadh, including Aldeham Education Group and French rolling stock manufacturer Alstom,” Knight Frank said. Read more
UAE
Dubai developer plans world’s tallest residential building
Local real estate developer Binghatti and jewellery brand Jacob & Co have announced plans to build the world’s tallest residential structure in Dubai’s Business Bay district.
Known as Burj Binghatti Jacob & Co Residences, the tower will comprise more than 100 storeys and will offer two- and three-bedroom apartments. Amenities in the building will include an infinity pool, a spa and a gymnasium.
Companies recently moved onsite in Business Bay to work on a 116-storey tower for Binghatti. The contractor is Granada Europe Construction. The consultant is Silver Stone Engineering Consultants. Read more
ELECTRIC VEHICLES
Saudi Arabia launches electric vehicle manufacturer
Saudi Arabia’s Crown Prince Mohammad bin Salman al-Saud has announced the launch of Ceer, the first Saudi electric vehicle brand. Ceer is the first Saudi automotive brand to produce electric vehicles in Saudi Arabia.
The company is a joint venture of Saudi sovereign wealth entity the Public Investment Fund and Taiwan-based Hon Hai Precision Industry Company, which trades as Foxconn internationally.
Foxconn will license component technology from BMW for use in the vehicle development process, with the first vehicles – sedans and sports utility vehicles – expected to be available in 2025.
Foxconn will develop the electrical architecture of the vehicles, which will feature infotainment, connectivity and autonomous driving technologies.
Ceer is expected to attract over $150m in foreign direct investment and create up to 30,000 direct and indirect jobs. Read more
Further reading
Alba agrees Block 4 financing
Aluminium Bahrain (Alba) has reached financial close on the 681MW combined-cycle gas turbine plant that comprises Block 4 of the smelter’s Power Station 5. China Export & Credit Insurance Corporation (Sinosure) will provide a $225m facility.
Contracts awarded for US plant
QatarEnergy and Chevron Phillips Chemical Company have reached final investment decision on the Golden Triangle Polymers Plant, an $8.5bn integrated polymers facility in the US. The plant will include the biggest ethylene cracker in the world with a capacity of 2.1 million tonnes a year.
Investors launch Sohar projects
Investors have launched two non-oil industrial projects in Sohar Freezone in Oman. The sultanate’s first petroleum coke calcining facility will be built at a total investment of about $155.9m, while a titanium dioxide production facility will be established at a cost of $112m.
Aramco plans innovation hub
Saudi Aramco and US technology company IBM plan to establish an innovation hub in Riyadh. The hub will support tech-driven economic growth in Saudi Arabia with the help of emerging technologies in hybrid cloud, artificial intelligence and quantum computing.
Exclusive from Meed
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Iranian missiles hit Qatari and Kuwaiti fuel tankers1 April 2026
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Drone strikes Kuwait International airport1 April 2026
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Saudi Arabia’s Sadara halts chemical production1 April 2026
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Iranian missiles hit Qatari and Kuwaiti fuel tankers1 April 2026
Iranian missiles have struck fuel tankers in Gulf waters belonging to Qatar and Kuwait, as Tehran continues to target energy, industrial and logistical assets in GCC countries.
A fuel oil tanker chartered by QatarEnergy, named Aqua 1, was struck by missiles in Qatar’s northern territorial waters in the early hours of 1 April, the company said in a statement.
“None of the crew members on board were injured, and there is no impact on the environment as a result of this incident,” QatarEnergy said.
Earlier, on 31 March, said one of its very large crude carriers, Al-Salmi, caught fire after being hit by an Iranian missile while anchored in UAE waters just outside Dubai.
The vessel’s crew, with support from UAE authorities, extinguished the fire by 04:26 Kuwait time on 31 March, KPC said. It added that all 24 crew members were safe and that no oil spill or environmental damage occurred.
“KPC is continuing to assess the damage in coordination with relevant authorities,” the Kuwaiti state energy conglomerate said.
ALSO READ: Iran strikes Gulf aluminium assets after hits on its steel sector
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One killed and one injured in drone attacks on the UAE1 April 2026
Debris falling from Iranian drones intercepted by the UAE’s air defence systems has killed one person in the emirate of Fujairah and injured another in Umm Al-Quwain in two separate incidents on 1 April.
A successful interception of a drone by UAE air defence forces resulted in debris falling on a farm in Fujairah, leading to the death of a Bangladeshi national.
The latest fatality brings the total death toll in the UAE since the start of the US-Israel-Iran war to 12. Most of the deaths have been caused by falling debris following interceptions. Among the deceased are two members of the UAE armed forces who died while performing their duties, as well as a Moroccan civilian contracted by the armed forces.
The remaining victims were of Bangladeshi, Indian, Nepali, Pakistani and Palestinian nationalities.
Hours after the Fujairah incident, authorities in Umm Al-Quwain confirmed that an Indian national was injured when debris from an intercepted drone fell in the emirate.
In a statement posted on its official social media channels, the Umm Al-Quwain government media office said the incident occurred near an industrial facility in the Umm Al-Thuoob area, after air defence systems successfully intercepted an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV).
Meanwhile, the latest data from the UAE Ministry of Defence, released on 31 March, showed that air defence systems had engaged 36 UAVs, four cruise missiles and eight ballistic missiles in the previous 24 hours. Cumulatively, authorities said 1,977 drones, 19 cruise missiles and 433 ballistic missiles have been intercepted since the onset of the war on 28 February.
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Contractors submit Al-Maktoum airport superstructure bids1 April 2026

Dubai Aviation Engineering Projects (DAEP) received proposals on 31 March from contractors for three packages covering superstructure works for the first phase of the expansion of Al-Maktoum International airport.
MEED understands that the selected contractor will undertake superstructure works on three packages:
- West Terminal and concourse one
- Concourse two
- Concourse three
Construction on these packages began in November last year, when DAEP formally selected a contractor to deliver the substructure works.
According to an official description on DAEP’s website, the expanded airport’s West Terminal will be a seven-level, 800,000-square-metre facility with an annual capacity of 45 million passengers.
It will be the second of three terminals at Al-Maktoum International airport, linked to the airside by a 14-station automated people-mover (APM) system.
In August last year, MEED exclusively reported that DAEP had received bids from firms to build the APM at the airport.
The system will run under the apron of the entire airfield and the airport’s terminals. It will consist of several tracks, taking passengers from the terminals to the concourses.
Four underground stations will be built as part of the first phase. The overall plan includes 14 stations across the airport.
The airport’s construction is planned to be undertaken in three phases. The airport will cover an area of 70 square kilometres (sq km) south of Dubai and will have five parallel runways, five terminal buildings and 400 aircraft gates.
It will be five times the size of the existing Dubai International airport and will have the world’s largest passenger-handling capacity of 260 million passengers a year. For cargo, it will have the capacity to handle 12 million tonnes a year.
Construction progress
Construction on the first phase has already begun. In May last year, MEED exclusively reported that DAEP had awarded a AED1bn ($272m) deal to UAE firm Binladin Contracting Group to construct the second runway at the airport.
The enabling works on the terminal are also ongoing and are being undertaken by Abu Dhabi-based Tristar E&C.
Construction on the project’s first phase is expected to be completed by 2032.
The government approved the updated designs and timelines for its largest construction project in April 2024.
In a statement, the authorities said the plan is for all operations from Dubai International airport to be transferred to Al-Maktoum International within 10 years.
The statement added that the project will create housing demand for 1 million people around the airport.
In September 2024, MEED exclusively reported that a team comprising Austria’s Coop Himmelb(l)au and Lebanon’s Dar Al-Handasah had been confirmed as the lead masterplanning and design consultants on the expansion of Al-Maktoum airport.
Project history
The expansion of Al-Maktoum International, also known as Dubai World Central (DWC), is a long-standing project. It was officially launched in 2014, with a different design from the one approved in April 2024. At that time, it involved building the biggest airport in the world by 2050, with the capacity to handle 255 million passengers a year.
An initial phase, due to be completed in 2030, involved increasing the airport’s capacity to 130 million passengers a year. The development was to cover an area of 56 sq km.
Progress on the project slipped as the region grappled with the impact of lower oil prices and Dubai focused on developing the Expo 2020 site. Tendering for work on the project then stalled with the onset of the Covid-19 pandemic in early 2020.
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Drone strikes Kuwait International airport1 April 2026
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Kuwait International airport was hit by further drone attacks on Wednesday, with strikes on fuel tanks sparking a major fire.
Kuwait’s state news agency Kuna said the attack caused significant damage to fuel tanks belonging to Kuwait Aviation Fuelling Company. No casualties were reported.
This was the second reported incident at the airport in recent days. Local media reported that the airport was attacked on 28 March by multiple drones, causing significant damage to its radar system.
The airport is currently undergoing expansion works that are expected to be completed by 2027, as MEED reported previously.
Project execution of the second terminal began in 2017, with the completion date pushed back from the original 2022 target.
The second terminal project consists of three packages.
These are:
- Package 1: Main works – $4,329m
- Package 2: Multistorey car park building, connection roads, bridges and landscaping works – $550m
- Package 3: Aircraft parking, runways and service buildings – $950m
Turkiye’s Limak Holding is executing the main works.
The terminal building was designed by Foster+Partners and Gulf Consult.
Spanish firm Ineco is providing the project management services for the new terminal building and the airfield.
The scope of the main package includes the new terminal building, a building for cooling and electricity supply facilities, and a building for the water supply and the future Automatic People Mover (APM) connection to the satellite building.
The terminal building will be three times the size of the original building and will have 36 boarding gates.
The building will cover more than 700,000 square metres and have five floors, one of which will be underground.
It will have the capacity, at maximum service level, for 25 million passengers a year once the first phase has been completed and up to 50 million passengers after further phases are completed.
The second package of works includes a new car park with approximately 5,000 parking spaces, connected to the new passenger terminal.
It also includes all new access roads to the airport and landscaping.
The scope of the third package comprises the main platform, new taxiways and several tunnels, including one under the platform between the terminal building and the future cargo area of the airport.
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Saudi Arabia’s Sadara halts chemical production1 April 2026
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Sadara Chemical Company (Sadara), the Saudi Aramco-Dow Chemical joint venture producing petrochemicals and specialty chemicals, has announced a temporary shutdown of production, citing ongoing supply chain disruptions.
Sadara operates a sprawling chemical production complex in Jubail in Saudi Arabia’s Eastern Province, with a total output capacity of more than 3 million metric tonnes a year. Aramco and Dow established the Sadara petrochemicals complex – estimated to have cost $13bn – in 2016.
The suspension was announced in a filing on the Saudi Exchange (Tadawul) by Sadara Basic Services, which issues sukuk, or Islamic bonds, for its parent. “The shutdown was successfully completed in accordance with Sadara’s high safety standards and in a manner that safeguards operations and reduces risk,” the entity said in its filing on 31 March.
“Sadara cannot provide, at the present time, an estimate for the return to production, as this is contingent on domestic and international factors,” it said, adding the shutdown is expected to impact this year’s financial results.
The month-long war between Israel, the US and Iran has spread across the Middle East, disrupting energy supplies and threatening the global economy, as Tehran has responded to US and Israeli attacks by targeting regional energy and industrial infrastructure, as well as shipping.
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Separately, Sadara, in another Tadawul filing on 31 March, announced a net loss of SR5,793bn ($1.54bn) for the full year 2025, a further decline of about 40% compared to 2024. The company’s revenue in 2025 fell by about 15% year-on-year to $2.63bn.
The chemicals producer attributed the deepening of its losses in 2025 to a reduction in sales volumes, “which resulted from unplanned operational events and extended maintenance activities that temporarily impacted production availability”.
Sadara also pinned its augmented losses to “margin compression, and higher fixed costs associated with unplanned operational events and extended maintenance activities.
“In addition, the company experienced lower average selling prices across certain portfolio lines, which further contributed to the overall decrease in revenue,” Sadara said in the disclosure.
In addition, “the net loss for 2025 increased compared to 2024, mainly due to an accounting adjustment related to a debt modification that had a favourable impact on the prior year’s results,” the company added.
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