Lummus targets large contracts in Saudi Arabia
26 September 2023

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US-headquartered petrochemicals specialist Lummus Technology is expecting to grow rapidly in Saudi Arabia over the next decade, according to the company’s chief technology officer Ujjal Mukherjee.
Mukherjee is in the process of moving his entire team from the US to Saudi Arabia in order to capitalise on opportunities in the Middle East.
“The Middle East and North Africa are a key focus for us because of the scale of the planned capital expenditure in our industry,” he says.
“Within the region, Saudi Arabia is the most important to us because of the investments in petrochemicals that are planned.
“Qatar is also important because of its plans for natural gas and petrochemicals, but in terms of investment, Saudi Arabia is not just leading the region, but the entire world.”
Lummus is anticipating as many as 10 or 11 ethane crackers to be installed in Saudi Arabia over the next seven to eight years
Project expectations
Lummus says that Saudi Arabia’s plans to develop facilities with the capacity to convert 4 million barrels of crude oil to chemicals represent $100bn-$200bn in investment.
As part of the push to boost crude-to-chemicals production, Mukherjee is expecting at least four or five greenfield complexes to be developed in Saudi Arabia.
On top of this, he says there are several opportunities to upgrade existing facilities in the country, both in the eastern Jubail area and in the west coast’s Yanbu region.
Across all of these greenfield and upgrade projects, Lummus is anticipating as many as 10 or 11 ethane crackers to be installed over the next seven to eight years.
“This is a huge investment – and that is why everyone in the world of petrochemicals is focused on Saudi Arabia,” says Mukherjee.
“Elsewhere, China is slowing slightly and the Russian market is off limits. There are opportunities in Southeast Asia and India specifically, but the GCC nations are the most important.”
In addition to the GCC states, Lummus has significant interest in markets across the Middle East and North Africa (Mena) region, including Egypt and Turkiye.
Turkiye is of particular interest because of its stated aim of becoming self-sufficient in terms of petrochemicals production, according to Fadi Mhaini, Lummus Technology’s managing director for Mena.
Turkiye is also in a financial position that means investments in world-scale petrochemicals plants are feasible.
The investment climate in Egypt is more challenging, but it remains of interest because of its significant reserves of oil and gas, large population and internal demand for petrochemicals products.
“There are 100 million people living in Egypt and there is a great demand for polymers and plastics,” says Mhaini.
Per capita consumption of plastics in Egypt is estimated to be 21.8 kilograms (kg) a year. This is compared to more than 130kg in the US.
Lummus sees this as a potential sign of pent-up demand for plastics and says new facilities that come online in Egypt could see significant success by supplying the local market.
Saudi challenges
While there are big opportunities in Saudi Arabia’s petrochemicals sector, Mukherjee says it remains a market with significant challenges.
“The biggest challenge we have is getting subject matter expertise in the complex technologies that we license, especially with the focus on employing local skilled labour,” he says.
“We have a lot of graduates coming from good universities there, but you need a certain degree of experience in absorbing these complex technologies.”
A key area of focus for Lummus is growing the number of experienced specialists that it employs and accelerating the transfer of knowledge from its experienced workers to the local talent pool in Saudi Arabia, as well as in other markets, including the UAE.
In order to achieve this goal, the company plans to create centres of excellence across the Mena region.
It has already created one in Bahrain, and says that it has proven effective at providing education for local operators in complex technologies and advanced computing tools.
By recruiting locally and relocating experienced staff from around the world, Lummus expects to grow its Saudi Arabia office from an initial size of about 50 employees to more than 200 in the next three to four years, according to Mukherjee.
While the cornerstone of business activities for Lummus is technology licensing, it plans to use its Saudi office to work with local companies to provide a wide range of services, including the provision of engineering work and of spare parts and equipment.
Project acceleration
Since Lummus was spun off by McDermott in a $2.7bn deal in 2020, one of the key strategic changes is a renewed focus on project streamlining and reduced project completion times.
Mukherjee says this has positioned the firm well to win contracts in Saudi Arabia, where the country’s leadership is keen to execute large-scale projects on an accelerated schedule.
“As soon as we learned that we were going to be an independent company, we decided to take advantage of all of the engineering tools that are part of our ecosystem and use them to accelerate the engineering, procurement and construction (EPC) processes,” he says.
“We have used very advanced engineering tools to dramatically reduce the time it takes us to do early engineering and front-end engineering and design work.
“This means that we have to work with very highly skilled engineering contractors and get them started very early on in the procurement cycle.”
As part of Lummus Technology’s new focus on executing projects on an accelerated schedule, it has started to work more closely with several EPC contractors.
“Closer working relationships with these companies are a key way of creating a win-win situation for everyone involved,” he says.
Lummus estimates that the upcoming greenfield oil-to-chemicals projects in Saudi Arabia are each expected to be worth $20bn-$35bn.
“The size of these projects means that there is no EPC contractor in the world that can take them on alone,” says Mukherjee.
Fear of risk
One of the key challenges in Saudi Arabia’s petrochemicals projects sector is that several large international contractors are less keen to take on contracts that use the EPC model due to the potential risks.
Many companies are worried that unpredictable price inflation could mean the EPC contract model would leave them out of pocket if the cost of materials and equipment suddenly increases.
“Even working in consortium, there are very few companies globally that are well equipped to execute complex projects on this scale on an accelerated time schedule,” says Mukherjee. “The technology is there, but there is a risk averseness among many large EPC companies that have been burnt in the past.”
While the projects are difficult and will require close cooperation between different contractors, Mukherjee is confident that his company will play a key role in many of the planned petrochemicals facilities in Saudi Arabia.
He says it is likely that his company will win contracts on many of Saudi Arabia’s upcoming petrochemicals projects, and that the firm is expanding the office so that it can cooperate closely with clients and subcontractors in the country to provide quicker response times to any queries.
“By moving there, we want to make sure that [clients and subcontractors in] Saudi Arabia, Kuwait and the UAE know that they will not have to cross time zones to get immediate responses,” Mukherjee says.

Ujjal Mukherjee, Fadi Mhaini and the Mena team
Market outlook
Lummus is optimistic about how Saudi Arabia’s investment in petrochemicals production will benefit the country’s economy in the long term.
Mukherjee says Saudi Arabia could become an increasingly powerful force in global petrochemicals markets in the coming years if it manages to successfully execute the planned projects to an accelerated schedule.
“What Saudi Arabia has is one of the cheapest raw materials for petrochemicals production. The same is true for Qatar and Abu Dhabi,” he says.
“Very cheap oil and gas gives Saudi Arabia a huge advantage and competitive edge over places like South Korea.”
Mukherjee says that, in the past, South Korea maintained a competitive edge in terms of managing project schedules and costs.
He adds that a petrochemicals project that could be completed in 36-42 months in South Korea would previously have taken 60-72 months in Saudi Arabia.
Now, the difference is being reduced by Saudi Arabia’s plans to execute projects using an accelerated schedule.
“If Saudi Arabia can do it, it will put itself in a position where it will be a dominant force when it comes to manufacturing certain polymers,” he says.
Aligning the scheduled start-up of Saudi Arabia’s new wave of planned petrochemicals projects with trends in the global market is likely to be key to the kingdom's success, according to Mukherjee.
In the past year and half, the prices of key petrochemicals products have been subdued as large projects have come online in China and other locations.
This temporarily created an oversupply in certain chemicals despite global per-capita consumption having increased, Mukherjee says.
He believes global prices will stabilise after 2030 and that demand will outstrip that for both gasoline and diesel.
By the end of this decade, Mukherjee expects that demand for polyethylene in particular will start to grow robustly, as is demand for polypropylene – and that Saudi Arabia will be well positioned to take advantage of this growth.
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Zone one
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GCC banks prove resilient amid turmoil27 July 2026

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Metrics for the early part of the year revealed a robust picture. Domestic deposits held up strongly in the first quarter of 2026, total GCC domestic deposits rising by 16.9% in year-on-year terms, compensating for the decline in interbank funding.
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Domestic deposits accelerated in April, a pointer to GCC governments’ proactive stances in shielding their banking systems from undue stress. The inflow of public deposits accelerated quite significantly in this period, although that pace will likely subside as conditions gradually normalise.
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Funding and liquidity is generally a strength for the region
Gulf states’ heavy reliance on public sector and government-related deposits has proved valuable in the current environment, anchoring banks’ funding profiles and helping reduce potential risks.
Fund outflows have not materialised to any significant degree. “We had some anecdotal evidence of funds being withdrawn, but they returned in the following weeks,” says Ramsdale.
Solid fundamentals
GCC banks entered the conflict period in strong shape. According to S&P, domestic private sector credit growth in the region remained robust in the first quarter – the annualised growth rate was 8% at the end of March.
Core capital buffers are about 15%-16% – higher still for the top lenders – ensuring total loss-absorbing capacity stays below 9% of equity. Regulatory ratios exceed relevant thresholds, providing a significant buffer, according to ratings agency Moody’s.
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Gulf banks have also been helped by the fact that those economic sectors most impacted by conflict – tourism, hospitality, energy – do not generally form a large part of their collective loans books.
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“Asset quality deterioration is a risk that we expect to materialise later in the year. This is because of weaker macro expectations, and negative impact on some of the corporate sectors, albeit varying across different GCC countries,” says Lescova.
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Policy support
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Forbearance measures from the UAE, Kuwait and Qatar central banks have allowed additional headroom
Such measures were not a response to a banking crisis, says Ramsdale. “Some of the support packages that we have seen coming out of the central banks, in the UAE, Qatar and Kuwait, were preventative support measures,” he says.
“They were designed to boost confidence and limit that pass through from temporary deposit volatility. It was not to do with acute banking stress.”
Market confidence
Larger banks are better positioned to cope with straitened economic times. They are generally more geographically diversified beyond their domestic markets, and international operations have historically been a growth driver for them.
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The GCC’s largest banks, including Al-Rajhi Banking & Investment Corporation, Saudi National Bank, First Abu Dhabi Bank, Qatar National Bank, Abu Dhabi Commercial Bank and Emirates NBD, remain highly profitable, although they may not perform as strongly as they would have had the conflict not occurred.
“We already expected some softening in profitability before the conflict, because of the normalisation of the cost of risk upwards from incredibly low levels over the last three years, [which] were driven by a very strong recovery performance from the banks,” says Shubailat.
“In turn, this current situation adds a layer of pressure to the normalising profitability story by increasing provisioning needs in light of the recent economic shocks,” he adds.
Confidence in GCC banks was evident from the outset of the conflict. In early April, Emirates NBD priced a $750m AT1 capital issuance, the first international debt capital markets transaction by a GCC issuer since late February.
“The first ceasefire saw things like private placements start happening again, and that slowly translated into the opening up of public markets.
“Emirates NBD was one of the first banks to open up that market, and we are seeing the largest banks issuing again,” says Ramsdale.
The operating environment for Saudi Arabia is ranked BBB+ – a strong position, all things considered. Ramsdale notes that Riyadh’s reprioritisation of large projects associated with Vision 2030 “means growth will probably be slightly slower in Saudi Arabia”, but adds: “That is actually a good thing, because growth was so strong it was beginning to pressure funding, liquidity and capitalisation.
“Taking off some of that pressure is a positive for banks.”
Growth prospects
Stronger earnings performances will allow banks to bankroll mergers and acquisitions (M&A), building on inorganic routes to growth. Within the past year, the National Bank of Bahrain and Bank of Bahrain & Kuwait (BBK) have agreed to explore a merger, while BBK has also absorbed HSBC’s retail banking business.
Emirates NBD is reported to be looking to acquire HSBC’s business in Turkiye, a country where the Dubai bank already has a presence through its takeover of DenizBank in 2019. It also grew its stake in India’s RBL Bank this year to 60%.
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Such moves should provide reassurance that, despite recent challenges, GCC banks are well placed to ride out the remainder of 2026 and resume the positive trajectory that was evident before the Iran war shook the region.
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The latest date for the submission of clarification questions is 9 August.
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The second group comprises Rumah 1, Rumah 2, Nairyah 1 and Nairyah 2, also with a combined capacity of 7,200MW.
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Developers that were prequalified as financial or technical members for the Rumah and Nairyah projects can request to maintain the same qualification for the upcoming CCGT projects. They must submit the request and updated financial information by the 16 August deadline.
For new applicants, financial members must have reached financial close on at least two non-recourse IPP, IWPP, IWP or ISTP projects since January 2010. At least one must have involved senior debt of $500m or more. Applicants must also have a minimum net worth of $350m.
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US/India-based Synergy Consulting is the financial adviser for the procurement, Germany’s Fichtner is the technical adviser and UK-headquartered Eversheds Sutherland is the legal adviser.
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Contractor wins The Chedi residences Dubai contract27 July 2026
Dubai-based firm Ancient Builders Constructions has won a contract to build The Chedi Private Residences, located in the Barsha Heights area near Sheikh Zayed Road.
The contract was awarded by local developer Al-Seeb Real Estate Development.
The project comprises a 250-metre-tall, 44-storey tower and will offer about 117 residential units upon completion.
Enabling works are under way and are being undertaken by local firm Soiltec Piling & Foundation.
Dubai-based High Art Engineering Consultancy is the project consultant.
Local architectural firms Bruno Guelaff and BG Group are the project designers.
Construction is expected to be completed by 2029.
Al-Seeb Real Estate Development’s latest contract award in the UAE market comes amid heightened real estate activity in the construction sector. Schemes worth more than $323bn are in the execution or planning stages, according to UK-based analytics firm GlobalData.
GlobalData forecasts that output from the UAE’s residential construction sector will grow by 3% in real terms over 2026-29, supported by infrastructure, energy and utilities developments, as well as residential construction projects.
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