Kuwait navigates unchartered political territory
29 August 2024

Kuwait’s political situation and its near-term prospects for governance continue to hinge on the dramatic suspension of the nation’s parliament by Emir Sheikh Meshal Al-Ahmad Al-Sabah.
This drastic measure by the country’s leader came in response to a deepening political stagnation in Kuwaiti politics that has seen successive formations of parliament and government deadlocked over the most fundamental of fiscal legislation: approving the budget and raising the debt ceiling.
Underlying these stumbling blocks are allegations of fiscal and budgetary malfeasance levelled by the elected lawmakers in parliament at the ruler-appointed and ruling family-led cabinet.
In recent years, the proceedings in parliament have become increasingly acrimonious, with lawmakers frequently demanding the right to question cabinet members – a demand that has instead often simply resulted in the dissolution of the government.
Kuwait’s political system has often been described as a “democratic experiment”, as it was a first in the GCC to devolve significant legislative authority to a chamber of fairly freely elected representatives.
On 10 May, however, after the fourth election in four years in pursuit of a functioning government resulted in the same rigmarole, the emir triggered the system’s inbuilt circuit breaker for the first time since its establishment and effectively placed the experiment on hold.
Two days later, the emir announced the formation of a new cabinet headed by Sheikh Ahmad Abdullah Al-Sabah as the returning prime minister. The country’s oil, finance and foreign ministers all retained their posts as well, making it a continuity cabinet, but in the absence of parliament.
Officially, the rules allow for the suspension of parliament for up to four years, enabling direct rule by the emir and his cabinet in the interim. Kuwait has thus returned, temporarily, to something of a default setting for the GCC. But it is a dramatic turn of events for Kuwait given the country’s well-worn electoral legacy – even as its other positively regarded attributes, such as a relatively free press, remain intact.
Project revitalisation
The emir’s decision is nevertheless being viewed in many quarters as a potentially positive development, not least in the projects sector. The political deadlock plaguing the country has been a salient problem for contractors in recent years due to the way parliamentary objections have impeded project spending.
Indeed, political disputes over capital expenditure have come close to scuttling Kuwait’s projects sector, which has seen its activity plummet over the past decade, with the country’s $16.5bn in contract awards in 2016 plunging to just $2.6bn in 2019 and averaging less than $4bn in the past five years. Given the parallel $100bn in project completions over the past 10 years, this fall in awards has resulted in a $50bn net decline in the value of projects under execution.
This loss of value from the projects sector has been detrimental to Kuwaiti contractors, who have been looking abroad in increasing numbers for alternative avenues of work. The drop-off in value in the project market has also been even more dramatic in certain industries, including the oil sector, where the total value of active projects fell from $65bn in early 2019 to just over $5bn by early 2023.
The reduction in oil sector projects, where constant work is required to maintain the performance of the infrastructure, is a threat to the main driver of the Kuwaiti economy and government revenues.
Given the country’s limited diversification and the accounting of the oil sector for 60% of Kuwait’s GDP and 90% of government revenue, the potential long-term consequences of the nation’s political dysfunction metastasising into dysfunction in the oil sector are considerable.
It is not surprising then that one of the first things on the agenda since the suspension of parliament has been the revival of oil sector projects – with the country’s Central Agency for Public Tenders now meeting three days a week since July to advance the tendering of major schemes.
Political correction
Political reform is also on the table. In his televised address to the nation on 10 May, the emir stated: “The recent turmoil in the Kuwaiti political scene has reached a stage where we cannot remain silent, so we must take all necessary measures to achieve the best interest of the country and its people.”
The presentation of the challenges facing the country in existential terms underlined the heightened perception that Kuwait was careening towards disaster amid political paralysis, falling oil infrastructure investment and snowballing expenses.
However, regardless of the “unimaginable, unbearable difficulties and impediments”, facing the country, the retaking of direct control by the emir and cabinet is no assurance that the trouble is over. The country still faces stark policy choices, including how to tackle its burgeoning public wage bill, which currently stands at about 30% of the country’s GDP and is only set to grow with rising pay and pensions.
These are costs that Kuwait cannot bear without robust oil sector development, and even that might not be enough. Economic projections have suggested public salaries could make up as much as 75% of the budget within five years, which could rapidly shrink the fiscal space for any other spending.
This is a burgeoning dilemma for the country that cannot be tackled overnight, but with four years of determined and unencumbered course correction, Kuwait could at least develop some more options.
Constitutional amendments could also be unveiled to prevent a return to political paralysis when a parliament re-forms. The ability of the house to override the emir’s veto with a simple majority, as well as to hold votes of no confidence for ministers, are two areas where changes could be made to smooth the political process – for example by requiring a super majority to overturn the emir’s veto or by making the conditions necessary to challenge the confidence in a minister more stringent.
Regardless, what is abundantly clear is that the existing system was not functioning as required – at the most fundamental level – in making basic legislative progress. Everything could now get back on track, but there are ample more “difficulties and impediments” to address, and Kuwait needs fresh solutions.
This month's special report on Kuwait includes:
> GOVERNMENT: Kuwait navigates unchartered political territory
> ECONOMY: Fiscal deficit pushes Kuwait towards reforms
> BANKING: Kuwaiti banks hunt for growth
> OIL & GAS: Kuwait oil project activity doubles
> POWER & WATER: Kuwait utilities battle uncertainty
> CONSTRUCTION: Kuwait construction sector turns corner
Exclusive from Meed
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Adnoc funnels billions into boosting gas processing potential15 October 2026
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Contractors win $317m Qatar road contracts15 October 2026
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Kuwait studies two oil export pipelines to bypass Hormuz15 October 2026
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Gulf Spic submits lowest bid for Kuwait booster stations15 October 2026
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Stability holds as project work continues14 October 2026
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Adnoc funnels billions into boosting gas processing potential15 October 2026

Abu Dhabi National Oil Company (Adnoc Group) is accelerating investment in gas processing and associated downstream infrastructure as demand in the UAE rises and the government prioritises lower-carbon energy growth.
Rising gas consumption in the UAE is being driven by rapid population growth, greater household electrification, expanding industrial bases and demand from gas-intensive downstream segments such as petrochemicals, fertilisers and metals.
Power generation and water desalination are also key sources of demand, while new industrial zones – as well as data centres supporting the expansion of artificial intelligence (AI) use in the country – add further baseload requirements.
Adnoc Gas, Adnoc Group’s gas processing subsidiary, is leading the UAE’s push to expand gas processing capacity and is executing a major capital expenditure (capex) programme worth $28bn over 2026-30.
As part of that capex plan, Adnoc Gas achieved final investment decision (FID) on the second and third phases of its Rich Gas Development (RGD) programme earlier this year.
Adnoc Gas awarded $8.2bn of engineering, procurement and construction (EPC) contracts for the second and third phases of the RGD programme. These relate to the construction of a new gas processing train at the Habshan complex and a natural gas liquids fractionation train at the Ruwais gas processing facility, respectively.
Adnoc Gas officially announced the awards, saying it selected China-based Wison Engineering for RGD phase 2 under a $3.9bn contract, while Italy’s Tecnimont was awarded the $4.3bn phase 3 contract.
Adnoc Gas has also reiterated its $5bn capex for the first phase of the RGD scheme, which is under construction. The company awarded $5bn of engineering, procurement and construction management contracts in three tranches for phase 1 of the RGD programme in June last year, marking the company’s largest-ever capital investment.
Across all three phases, Adnoc Gas has committed a total of $13.2bn to the RGD programme.
Bab Gas Cap development
Looking ahead, Adnoc Gas is advancing towards FID on the estimated $8bn Bab gas cap development. The project will process up to 1.85 billion cubic feet a day (cf/d) of raw feed gas once Adnoc Group begins extracting reserves from four underdeveloped onshore reservoirs at the Bab field: Thammama A, B and H (projected to yield a combined 1.45 billion cf/d) and Thammama F (projected at 396 million cf/d).
Because existing trains at the Habshan complex cannot accommodate these supplementary volumes, the project entails building a processing plant approximately 170 kilometres from Abu Dhabi city, alongside pipeline networks and ancillary units.
Adnoc Gas has split the EPC scope into four packages, with technical bids due on 16 November:
- Package 1: Main Bab gas cap processing plant
- Package 2: Early civil works
- Package 3: Pipeline network
- Package 4: Non-process facilities and associated infrastructure
Four contractor consortiums prequalified to bid for the main contracts:
- Larsen & Toubro Energy Hydrocarbon (India) / Samsung E&A (South Korea)
- Saipem (Italy) / NMDC Energy (UAE)
- Technip Energies (France) / JGC Corporation (Japan) / Sinopec (China)
- Tecnimont (Italy) / China Petroleum Engineering & Construction Corporation
Gas pipeline investments
Adnoc Group continues to invest in projects to enhance its gas transmission networks across the UAE, following its $3.5bn-plus capex on the Estidama programme earlier this decade to expand its sales-gas network in the country.
Adnoc Gas recently awarded the main contract for a project to build a new pipeline that will supply gas from the Habshan scraper launcher station at its Habshan gas compression complex in Abu Dhabi to the Al-Nouf customer receiving station, for delivery to Emirates Water & Electricity Company (Ewec).
The proposed 56-inch, 127km pipeline will help the UAE’s state utility, Ewec, meet additional gas demand to power the second phase of an AI data centre in Abu Dhabi, as well as support the relocation of some of its key assets in the Mirfa area of the emirate.
Adnoc Gas awarded the EPC contract for the project to India-based Kalpataru Projects International.
Separately, Adnoc is moving ahead with plans to build an oil pipeline network that will transport crude from its main offshore oil processing islands in the Gulf to its onshore crude export terminal at Jebel Dhanna, Abu Dhabi.
The planned network will source crude from Zirku Island and Das Island, where Adnoc gathers and treats oil produced at Abu Dhabi’s offshore fields, among other processing hubs, and transport it about 300km inland to the Jebel Dhanna terminal.
The proposed pipelines will eventually connect to the West-East crude pipeline network currently being built from Jebel Dhanna to the emirate of Fujairah, which is expected to be commissioned in 2027.
Boosting chemicals output
Meanwhile, following major investments over the past three years to set up specialty chemical plants under the first phase of its chemical derivatives complex in Ruwais Industrial City, Taziz is firming up plans for the second phase of the complex.
Taziz has partnered with local conglomerate Alpha Dhabi to undertake a joint feasibility and market study and, subject to FIDs and regulatory approvals, the second phase of the Taziz Industrial Chemicals Zone could produce up to 14 new chemicals, with total output capacity of about 2.2 million tonnes a year (t/y).
The chemicals under study include styrene and polystyrene, acrylic acid and derivatives, polyols, methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI), epoxy resins and linear alpha-olefins. These are widely used across construction, automotive, packaging, consumer goods, infrastructure and advanced manufacturing.
Taziz, Germany-based chemicals producer Covestro and XRG – all wholly or majority-owned subsidiaries of Adnoc Group – have launched a joint feasibility study to assess the development of a world-scale MDI plant in Ruwais Industrial City.
The partners aim to establish a facility in the Taziz Industrial Chemicals Zone with a production capacity of 660,000 t/y of MDI. The study will evaluate the technical, commercial and economic feasibility of the proposed plant, with the aim of informing a future investment decision.
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Contractors win $317m Qatar road contracts15 October 2026

Qatar’s Public Works Authority (Ashghal) has awarded three road development contracts worth more than QR1.1bn ($317m) to local contractors for works across Qatar.
The contracts were formally awarded on 1 October, and each has a three-year construction period.
Qatar Building Engineering Company secured a QR479m ($132m) contract for roads and infrastructure works in the Wadi Al-Banat North Zone 70 area.
The contract covers constructing and upgrading local roads across several streets in the area. The scope also includes surface-water drainage, foul sewerage and treated sewage effluent networks, as well as connections to existing potable water, power and telecommunications infrastructure.
The works include an attenuation tank near the Al-Khor Expressway and Link Road 7 to collect surface water and prevent infiltration into the Northern Aquifer.
The contractor will also carry out groundwater mitigation works at the Al-Khor Expressway’s F1 interchange.
Surface works include paved medians, including sections along Umm Al-Zubar Road near Lusail Palace, as well as landscaping.
Qatar Trading & Contracting Group won the QR457m ($126m) contract to complete the remaining works on the C2021/44 roads and infrastructure scheme in Al-Sheehaniya (Package 1).
The scheme covers site preparation, earthworks, and the construction of roads, pavements, road markings, signage, traffic-calming measures and street lighting.
The scope also includes surface-water drainage and a complete pumping-station package encompassing civil, structural, mechanical, electrical, instrumentation, control and automation works.
The contractor will also install a foul sewerage network with house connections across stages one and two, alongside a treated sewage effluent system, irrigation infrastructure, landscaping and landscape lighting.
JAK Construction was awarded the QR217m ($60m) contract for the remaining works on the C/2021/038 roads and infrastructure project.
The scope covers completing the remaining civil works, road network works, and key public-utility works across Umm Slal Ali, Umm Ebariya Village, South Umm Al-Amad and North Bu Fessela (Package 1).
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Kuwait studies two oil export pipelines to bypass Hormuz15 October 2026
State-owned Kuwait Petroleum Corporation is considering developing two oil export pipelines that would bypass the Strait of Hormuz, according to a senior Kuwaiti oil official.
The pipelines would transport crude oil through Saudi Arabia and the UAE, aiming to diversify Kuwait’s export routes.
Mohammed Al-Abduljalil, the deputy chief executive for planning and innovation at the KPC subsidiary Kuwait Oil Company, told Asharq Bloomberg that KPC had agreed with its partners in Saudi Arabia and the UAE to conduct feasibility studies for two separate projects.
The first project extends from Kuwait’s Ahmadi region through Saudi Arabia to the Red Sea coast. The second extends from the Ahmadi region to Fujairah in the UAE.
The pipelines would build on existing infrastructure and, if the plans are approved, are expected to take around four or five years to complete, Al-Abduljalil said.
He said the first project, currently under study, would use the route of the existing East-West pipeline, which connects the kingdom’s eastern oil-producing regions to its western coast.
The second project would follow the UAE’s Habshan-Fujairah pipeline route, enabling oil exports from the Sea of Oman coast, outside the Strait of Hormuz.
Al-Abduljalil emphasised that both projects remain in a very early stage, noting that the agreement to conduct feasibility studies does not constitute a final investment decision to proceed with implementation.
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Gulf Spic submits lowest bid for Kuwait booster stations15 October 2026

Kuwait-based Gulf Spic General Trading & Contracting Company has submitted the lowest bid for a contract to upgrade gas booster stations in the country.
Gulf Spic’s bid was worth KD41.2m ($132m) and was one of four bids submitted for the contract.
The project scope focuses on upgrading gas booster stations 140 and 150 (BS-140 and BS-150).
The full list of bidders was:
- Gulf Spic General Trading & Contracting Company, Kuwait – KD41.2m ($132m)
- Combined Group Contracting Company (CGC), Kuwait – KD45.5m ($146m)
- Heavy Engineering Industries & Shipbuilding Company (Heisco), Kuwait – KD50.7m ($163m)
- Alghanim International General Trading & Contracting Company, Kuwait – KD65.5m ($210m)
The project was first announced in 2014. The invitation to bid was issued in May this year, and bids were submitted ahead of the 11 October deadline.
The scope of work on the project covers:
- Upgrade of BS-140 and BS-150
- Replacement of dehydration facilities
- Laying of pipelines
- Installation of safety system
- Construction of associated facilities
Kuwait’s oil and gas sector is currently in the midst of a major crisis, as disruptions to shipping through the Strait of Hormuz have dramatically reduced exported crude oil volumes.
The disruption is also creating significant challenges for oil and gas construction projects, which normally import equipment and materials through the Strait of Hormuz.
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Stability holds as project work continues14 October 2026

When Dean McGrail describes the performance of the region’s construction market, he keeps returning to a single word: “stable”.
After initial concerns that the market would experience a sharp downturn and project cancellations following the onset of conflict in the region, regional president McGrail says WSP has yet to see a single major contract cancelled across its regional portfolio.
“We have seen some projects re-evaluated – questions around whether the mix between residential and commercial is right, and whether it should be luxury residential,” he says. “But as of today, we have not seen any projects cancelled, which is a real sign of resilience in the market.”
Under the surface
That resilience does not mean nothing has changed. McGrail is careful to separate re-evaluation from cancellation. Projects already on site and selling into the market are pressing ahead. It is schemes that have not yet been released for off-plan sales that are being paused and reconsidered.
“None of the projects we are currently involved in have been put on hold or suspended,” he says. “It is more re-evaluation. Some of that is investor sentiment, but some of it is materials and logistics as well, which people do not necessarily consider.”
Logistics, in particular, is a pressure that rarely makes the headlines. According to McGrail, shipping disruption has complicated the delivery of heavy equipment on certain schemes. “If we have big pieces of kit coming in – chillers or turbines for a power station – that becomes challenging,” he says.
The bigger question is viability. And while rising material costs, set against softening sales prices, are forcing developers to reappraise the numbers, for now the balance sits firmly on the side of continuity. McGrail estimates that revalidation and feasibility work accounts for less than 3% of the firm’s current order book, with the remainder progressing as normal.
“Requests for proposals have not slowed down across any of our disciplines or business units,” he says. “We are definitely seeing an uptick in infrastructure.”
Infrastructure pivot
That focus points to where McGrail expects the next few years of growth to come from. Rail sits at the centre of the UAE story, alongside road upgrades and other major developments in Abu Dhabi. In Dubai, the clearest signal of intent is the expansion of Al-Maktoum International airport.
“Al-Maktoum is a really good indicator of the future direction of travel,” he says. “That is not a project that is slowing down. There has been a commitment to Emirates that it will move there, and it is still progressing.”
The scale of the airport – and the challenge of relocating an airline the size of Emirates in one move – raises the question of how it will be funded. Here, McGrail returns to the theme of stability and to the mechanism that underpins it.
“One of the beauties of this region is the ability of government to step in,” he says. “They can fund it. If the private sector does start to suffer, that is the backstop. They push money into infrastructure – roads, rail, airports – which keeps our industry moving.”
Saudi reset
In Saudi Arabia, the recalibration story predates the conflict, and McGrail says the change should be read as a strength rather than a retreat.
“I am positive,” he says. “When the reprioritisation started at the beginning of 2025, having lived through the global financial crisis here, I saw the decision to stop, re-evaluate and reprioritise expenditure as a positive. When Vision 2030 was set, Saudi Arabia had not won Expo or the World Cup, so the reprioritisation was the right thing to do. Saudi Arabia will come out of it stronger. Short-term pain, long-term gain.”
The nature of the work is shifting with the budget. McGrail sees the kingdom moving towards a model long familiar in the UAE, in which core infrastructure and a handful of landmark buildings are delivered first, before surrounding plots are carved up and sold on.
“You establish a few key iconic buildings, then the plots on the outside are carved up and they look for external investment to come in and develop them,” he says. “It is no different from Downtown Dubai, where Emaar built the Burj Khalifa and a few buildings, then started selling plots.”
That approach is increasingly tied to public-private partnerships (PPPs), although McGrail is measured on how far the model will stretch.
“PPP is definitely becoming more prevalent on some of the larger infrastructure projects, though still not as significant as it was made out to be when they first started talking about it,” he says. He sees industrials, mining, healthcare and schools as a natural fit, rather than PPP becoming a blanket procurement route.
Aviation is another priority. WSP was recently appointed to the rehabilitation of the existing terminal at Jeddah’s King Abdulaziz International airport, alongside a new terminal. It also recently secured a role on the expansion and upgrade of King Fahd International airport in Dammam.
“Aviation is definitely a key area of focus for us as we head into the next 12, 24, 36 months,” McGrail says.
Beyond the two dominant markets, McGrail sees pockets of activity but no challenge to the balance of the portfolio. In Qatar, he points to a recovery taking shape towards the end of last year, with WSP active on the Qatar Children’s Museum and continuing its long-running work with the Public Works Authority (Ashghal). Oman is generating masterplanning work, including reviving the Blue City scheme.
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