meed-logo

line1 line2 line3
SIGN IN / REGISTER

Gaza conflict tests UAE-Israel ties

13 June 2024

 

The stance of the UAE towards Israel has cooled dramatically in the past eight months amid the conflict in Gaza, which is proving to be a major test of the partnership built between Abu Dhabi and Tel Aviv.

From boasting of warm and open trade dealings, the UAE has gone quiet on its business deals with Israeli partners, while on a political and diplomatic level the humanitarian tragedy in Gaza has increasingly drawn condemnatory statements from UAE officials.

It is a twist in developments that neither country could have foreseen, as nor indeed had Saudi Arabia, which was nearing its own normalisation agreement with Israel. It has also taken a bilateral strategic partnership that was long in the making into uncertain territory.

Long-term partnership

The 2020 Abraham Accords that normalised relations between the UAE and Israel came at the tail end of at least a decade’s worth of interaction between the two countries. The agreement emerged first and foremost as a set of shared strategic interests in opposition to regional threats in the early 2010s.

In a very tangible interaction in 2016, pilots from the UAE and Israel for the first time participated together in aerial combat training exercises hosted by the United States Air Force (USAF) in Nevada.

The UAE’s relationship with Israel also intersects with its relationship with the US, including its hope of securing access to advanced US military technology and assets, such as the F-35 Stealth Fighter Jet.

In September 2020, UAE foreign ministry spokesperson Hend Al-Otaiba stated that a request for the F-35 had been made six years previously, and that, “given that the UAE intends to be a partner to Israel, and already has a deep strategic partnership with the US, we are hopeful the request will be granted”.

While the sale of the F-35 by the US to the UAE has yet to materialise, relations between the UAE and Israel have nonetheless thrived on their own since the accords, on the basis of ongoing shared security interests and the opportunities for business, trade and investment between the two countries.

Since 2020, the value of trade between the UAE and Israel has swollen to about $3bn annually, and defence ties have only strengthened. In 2022, Israel supplied the UAE with air defence systems following long-range attacks on the UAE's oil infrastructure by the Iran-aligned Houthi movement in Yemen.

Israel-Palestine problems

It was as early as June 2023, however, that US Secretary of State Antony Blinken first warned that rising tensions in Palestine and Israel’s actions in the West Bank could imperil the process of normalisation.

With the advent of the war in Gaza, those fears of a damaging escalation in tensions have been realised.

As the conflict erupted in October, the UAE kept its distance and restricted itself to only the most limited commentary, condemning the “serious and grave escalation” by Hamas-led militants while calling for the full protection of all civilians under international humanitarian law.

By November, as the violence in Gaza ratcheted up, Abu Dhabi similarly affirmed its commitment to the accords even as individual UAE officials publicly condemned Israel’s actions and called for an end to the violence, pushing for a ceasefire, humanitarian aid and the release of hostages.

Anwar Gargash, a diplomatic adviser to the president, labelled the conflict a “profound setback” for the region, and stressed that the tragic course of events should lead to a political re-engagement on the issues of realising a two-state solution with East Jerusalem as its capital.

The close working relationship between the UAE and Israel nevertheless continued, as evidenced by Israel’s acquiescence to Abu Dhabi’s humanitarian efforts in Gaza, which have included the UAE setting up a field hospital and performing aerial aid drops in the territory.

The long grind of the conflict and the increasing inflexibility and intransigence on ceasefire negotiations by Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu have nevertheless steadily eroded this early good will.

While in early January, Gargash affirmed that the normalisation agreement was “a strategic decision, and strategic decisions are long-term”, by late January, senior UAE officials were ringing alarm bells.

Four months on, speaking at the Arab Media Forum in Dubai in late May, Gargash lambasted the conflict in Gaza as having taken on “brutal and inhuman dimensions”, stating that the “heinous attack in Gaza and Rafah cannot be overlooked” – a far more critical tone than his earlier conciliatory speech.

Unreliable partner

On the international stage, the disinclination of the Israeli government to listen to any of its key allies or partners has been trying for all, including the US. For Israel’s normalised partners in the Middle East, the conflict has underscored the tension between the Abraham Accords and underlying regional sentiments.

The UAE’s own founding father, Sheikh Zayed, was an ardent personal supporter of the Palestinian cause, and under his watch, the UAE was one of the first states to recognise Palestine as an independent state.

In the present, the humanitarian catastrophe in Gaza is drawing the competing influences of the UAE’s contemporary strategic interests and underlying sympathy for the Palestinian people into stark relief, and it is having a chilling effect on relations.

Public announcements in the UAE of deals with Israeli companies, which abounded before the conflict, have evaporated, and at least one very public deal has been put on hold amid the uncertainty.

Abu Dhabi National Oil Company (Adnoc) had been due to take a $2bn stake, alongside the UK’s BP, in Israeli gas producer NewMed, which holds 45% of Israel’s Leviathan offshore gas field.

In mid-May, Netanyahu suggested that the UAE could be involved in the governance of Gaza – drawing a swift rejection from UAE Foreign Minister Sheikh Abdullah Bin Zayed Al-Nahyan, who stated: “The UAE refuses to be drawn into any plan aimed at providing cover for the Israeli presence in the Gaza Strip.”

The episode was a stark demonstration of the breakdown in communication and diplomatic alignment between Abu Dhabi and Tel Aviv, and it joins a wider pattern of reports that UAE officials are already looking beyond Netanyahu and cultivating relations with his potential successors.

On 5 June, the UAE’s foreign minister again condemned the Israeli government after it allowed the divisive annual ‘Flag March’ of Israeli settlers through Jerusalem’s old city, as well as settler activism in the Al-Aqsa Mosque compound, despite the extraordinarily heightened tensions over Gaza.

For UAE-Israel ties to thrive, Abu Dhabi needs a government partner in Tel Aviv that it can work with on a productive basis to safeguard interests between the two countries while avoiding diplomatic affronts.

Unfortunately for the UAE, the current Israeli government – with the far-right ministers that Netanyahu has brought into the cabinet – has had a habit of proving itself to be the very antithesis of such a partner.

Looking ahead, it could be a long road for UAE-Israel ties to return to resembling their halcyon state of 2021-22, and it will take a government in Israel under someone other than Netanyahu to get there.

https://image.digitalinsightresearch.in/uploads/NewsArticle/11898933/main.gif
John Bambridge

Register for MEED's guest program now to access this article.

Click here to register
Exclusive from Meed
Related Articles
  • Managing risk in the GCC construction market

    19 December 2025

     

    The scale and complexity of construction projects under way in the GCC region has attracted global attention. And while large-scale project announcements continue to dominate the headlines, the underlying risks – insufficient financing, harsh contract clauses and a tendency to delay dispute resolution – are often overlooked.

    Around the region, many contractors are experiencing difficulties once projects have started because they mistakenly believe they have the necessary in-house skillsets to navigate these complex issues.

    MEED has convened a panel of construction consultants and specialists to develop a checklist to help contractors and subcontractors operating in the region to navigate the market’s challenges as the sector moves into 2026.

    The proactive steps are aimed at positioning a company so that it can maximise recovery and mitigate threats posed by unresolved claims and poor commercial or contractual administration.

    Systemic risk

    The regional market is characterised by several systemic issues that amplify risks for contractors. 

    The fundamental problem is finance. Projects frequently suffer because they are not fully financed from the start, which places financial strain on contractors. This problem is then compounded by the region’s traditional contractual environment, which means disputes are typically not finalised until well after jobs have been completed, creating cash flow problems for contractors, particularly near the end of such projects.

    Further financial strain is created by unconditional performance guarantees and retention. The combined requirement for advance payment bonds, a 10% performance bond and sometimes 5%-10% retention represents a significant draw on contractors’ cash flow. The growing tendency of employers to pull bonds further exacerbates the situation.

    Many contractors sign up to one-sided contracts so as to secure more work, rather than challenging their employers. Key contractual issues include:

    > Unrealistic timelines: Contractors set themselves up to fail by accepting unrealistic timescales on projects, despite the knowledge that the work often takes twice as long.

    > Deficient design: A major risk, particularly on high-profile projects, is a lack of specification and design progress. Many contracts, such as the heavily modified Silver Book – a standard contract published by the International Federation of Consulting Engineers (Fidic) for turnkey engineering, procurement and construction projects – presuppose that the contractor has sufficient information to design, build and deliver, even when there is substantive information missing, which renders lump-sum pricing obsolete and inevitably leads to dispute.

    > Lowest-bid mentality: Contractors often fail to factor necessary commercial support from legal and claims specialists into their tender figures, making their bid appear more competitive but leaving them without a budget to seek help until it is too late. As a result, projects are managed with budgets that are barely sufficient, rather than being run properly to a successful conclusion.

    Supply-chain erosion

    The quality and capacity of the subcontractor market, particularly in the mechanical, electrical and plumbing (MEP) field, has eroded significantly. 

    Some major MEP players have closed or left the market due to underpricing, prompting contractors to call in their performance bonds. This means the region is receiving progressively lower quality for increasingly higher costs, further straining the delivery phase for main contractors.

    The risk of subcontractor insolvency is increasing and must now be considered a primary project risk. Contractors should monitor financial health, diversify subcontractor dependencies, challenge allocated resources and secure step-in rights wherever possible.

    Many Silver Book contracts in the GCC now include heavily amended, employer-friendly clauses that push design and ground-risk even further onto the contractor – often beyond what Fidic intended. These amendments require careful review and firm pushback.

    The GCC remains a market of opportunity, but success in 2026 will belong to contractors that combine disciplined tendering, transparent commercial governance and early issue resolution. Optimism is not a strategy; preparation is. 

    A 10-point checklist for contractors in 2026

    1. Mandate contractual due diligence: Invest time and money into a thorough contract review before signing. Be prepared to challenge harsh clauses, particularly those unfairly allocating risk, such as unknown conditions and full design responsibility. Assume that bespoke rather than standard amendments govern your entitlement. Treat the special conditions as the real contract.

    2. Factor commercial support into the budget: Do not omit the cost of essential commercial support from the tender, such as quantity surveyor teams, quantum and delay specialists, legal review and claims preparation. Even if not visible in the front-line figures, this cost – which could be as low as 0.01% of the project value – must be factored in to ensure a budget for early and continuous engagement.

    3. Prepare a realistic baseline programme: Stop committing to programmes just to fit the tender. Develop a realistic programme from the start, identifying risks and including necessary code books to track delays early. Consider commissioning an independent programme review at the tender stage – this is common internationally and reduces later arguments about logic, durations and sequencing.

    4. Confirm project funding: Ensure that the project financing is fully in position before starting work. Many problems stem from projects that are only partially financed, leading to cash running out near completion. Gone are the days of not asking employers for greater transparency when it comes to funding projects.

    5. Establish a strong commercial and claims function: This is where commercial management starts. Set up systems to ensure contractual compliance, including seven-day claim notifications. Variations are inevitable, and proper substantiation is required to secure entitlement – if it is not recorded, it cannot be recovered. Diaries, cost records and notice logs remain the foundation of entitlement.

    6. Seek early specialist engagement: Prevention is better than a cure. Bring in specialists early to examine time and cost issues before problems arise. Consultants can provide advice, help set up the correct commercial systems and prevent the escalation of unresolved issues.

    7. Adopt an old-school approach to claims management: Technology is useful, but nothing beats resolving issues face to face. Engage directly with the employer’s team regularly to negotiate and agree claims early. This manages the client’s expectations when it comes to budgeting and allows the contractor to secure cash flow sooner. A simple early-warning culture – even when not contractually required – prevents surprises and builds trust with the client.

    8. Avoid wasting resources: Focus claims efforts only on events that are actually recoverable and demonstrably critical. Contractors often waste time chasing things that will not be recoverable. Prioritise issues that are both time-critical and clearly fall under the employer’s risk – everything else should be logged but not pursued aggressively.

    9. Upskill internal teams: Use specialist involvement as an opportunity to upskill your in-house commercial team. Have them sit alongside specialist consultants to learn proper commercial and contractual administration processes, creating a lasting work-culture benefit.
    10. Push for faster dispute resolution: When a dispute arises, advocate for a swift resolution mechanism like adjudication, mediation or expert determination to temporarily resolve cash flow issues. Dispute adjudication boards are intended to give quick, interim decisions. However, if not set up from the start of the project, the process becomes protracted – sometimes taking many months – so fails to provide the cash-flow relief contractors urgently need.  Where clients resist adjudication, propose interim binding mediation or expert determinations, or failing this, milestone-based dispute workshops – anything that accelerates getting cash back on site.

    MEED would like to thank Refki El-Mujtahed of REM Consultant Services (refki@rem-consultant.com; www.rem-consultant.com) for facilitating this article, as well as the following co-contributors:

    Aevum Consult | Lawrence Baker | lawrence.baker@aevumconsult.com | www.aevumconsult.com

    Decerno Consultancy | Lee Sporle | leesporle@decernoconsultancy.com | www.decernoconsultancy.com

    Desimone Consulting | Mark Winrow | Mark.Winrow@de-simone.com | www.de-simone.com

    Forttas | Derek O’Reilly & Martin Hall | derek.oreilly@forttas.com & martin.hall@forttas.com | www.forttas.com

    IDH Consult | Ian Hedderick | ian.hedderick@idhconsult.com | www.idhconsult.com

    White Consulting | Nigel White | nigelwhite@whiteconsulting-me.com | www.whiteconsulting-me.com

    https://image.digitalinsightresearch.in/uploads/NewsArticle/15289183/main.gif
    Colin Foreman
  • Diriyah signs land lease deal with King Saud University

    19 December 2025

    Saudi Arabia gigaproject developer, Diriyah Company, has signed a long-term land lease agreement with Riyadh Valley Company, an investment arm of King Saud University.

    Diriyah Company will lease 552,000 square metres (sq m) of land from King Saud University for a period of 70 years. 

    The deal will enable the company to add the land bank to its second phase of the Diriyah Project, which is also known as DG2.

    The agreement was signed by Diriyah Company's Group CEO, Jerry Inzerillo, and the acting president of King Saud University and Riyadh Valley Company chairman, Ali Masmali.

    Diriyah Company is already developing the area adjacent to King Saud University. In April, it awarded an estimated SR4bn ($1.1bn) contract for a utilities relocation package for the King Saud University project located in the second phase of the Diriyah Gate development (DG2).

    The contract was awarded to the joint venture of Beijing-headquartered China Railway Construction Corporation and China Railway Construction Group Central Plain Construction Company.

    The scope of the contract covers the design, construction and relocation of KSU's utilities and administration offices, as well as the construction of a district cooling plant, water storage facilities, a sewage treatment plant, a natural gas plant, a diesel transfer pumping station, a utility tunnel, irrigation water storage tanks, office buildings, warehouses and maintenance workshops.

    In addition to KSU, DG2 will feature residential developments, hotels, an opera house, the Saudi Museum of Contemporary Art, six academies, an arena and a mosque.

    The Diriyah masterplan envisages the city as a cultural and lifestyle tourism destination. Located northwest of Riyadh’s city centre, it will cover 14 square kilometres and combine 300 years of history, culture and heritage with hospitality facilities.

    https://image.digitalinsightresearch.in/uploads/NewsArticle/15287776/main.jpg
    Yasir Iqbal
  • Kuwait to sign Mubarak port agreement next week

    19 December 2025

    Kuwait and China are expected to sign the agreement to develop the subsequent phases of Kuwait’s Grand Mubarak Port next week.

    According to media reports, the announcement was made by Kuwait’s Public Works Minister ​Noura Al-Mashaan on Thursday.

    The contract value is estimated to be about KD1.2bn ($4bn).

    In May, Beijing-headquartered China Harbour Engineering Company, a subsidiary of China Communications Construction Company (CCCC), signed an early contractor involvement (ECI) agreement with Kuwait to develop the next phases of the project.

    The initial works include surveying, investigation, hydrological observation, geophysical exploration, testing, model testing, process simulation, design review, owner inspection, preliminary design of sand-retaining embankments, and on-site services and management.

    The project launch ceremony was held in mid-April. It was attended by several high-profile representatives from Kuwait and China, including Fu Xuyin, China’s vice-minister of the Ministry of Transport, Zhang Jianwei, the Chinese ambassador to Kuwait, and Nora Mohammad Al-Mashaan, Kuwait’s minister of public works.

    In January, MEED reported that Kuwait’s cabinet had approved a bid from China Communications Construction Company to implement all stages of its Mubarak Al-Kabeer Port project.

    The country ramped up its efforts on the project after meetings between Kuwaiti and Chinese officials in June last year.

    In 2023, the two countries signed a memorandum of understanding to develop port infrastructure.

    Phase one of the project cost $1.2bn and was completed in 2014.

    The project’s first phase included site levelling and the development of a marina, quay walls, berths, a navigational terminal and port buildings.

    The port is not operational because the phase one works did not include vital equipment such as cranes.

    It is understood that the completion of phase two will allow the port to start operations.

    The full scope for phase two of the project is expected to include:

    • Construction of loading and unloading facilities
    • Construction of quay walls and reclamation
    • Construction of the container yard and the back of the port
    • Infrastructure works
    • Construction of buildings
    • Construction of a container terminal
    • Construction of associated facilities
    • Installation of safety and security systems

    A third phase is also planned to further expand the port.

    The latest developments follow a series of agreements signed in September 2023 to deliver some of Kuwait’s immediate development goals for 2024-28. These agreements will position Chinese companies to play a leading role in the Fourth Kuwait Master Plan 2040.

    https://image.digitalinsightresearch.in/uploads/NewsArticle/15287252/main.jpg
    Yasir Iqbal
  • Metito consortium wins Mecca sewage scheme

    19 December 2025

    A team comprising Metito (UAE), Etihad Water & Electricity Company (UAE) and SkyBridge Company (UK) has been awarded a contract to develop the Hadda independent sewage treatment plant (ISTP) project in Mecca Province, Saudi Arabia.

    The contract was awarded by Saudi Water Partnership Company (SWPC), the kingdom’s principal off-taker for water and wastewater public-private partnership (PPP) projects.

    The project will be developed on a build-own-operate-transfer basis and is expected to begin operations in 2028, followed by a 25-year operating term.

    The plant will provide an initial treatment capacity of 100,000 cubic metres a day and will feature a treated sewage effluent (TSE) reuse system with a storage tank and a 38-kilometre pipeline designed to handle 350,000 cubic metres a day.

    Earlier in December, MEED reported that the team had been named preferred bidder at a levelised tariff of SR2.354 ($0.63) a cubic metre.

    SWPC selected the Miahona-led consortium as the reserve bidder for this project with the second-lowest submitted bid of SR2.599($0.69) a cubic metre.

    According to SWPC, the TSE reuse system accounted for 31% of the preferred tariff for the Arana ISTP and 27% for the Hadda ISTP.

    In March last year, SWPC signed a 25-year water-purchase agreement with a team comprising the local Miahona Company and Belgium-based Besix for the contract to develop and operate the Al-Haer ISTP in Riyadh, as part of the third batch of the kingdom’s ISTP programme.

    Four months later, the Saudi-listed Power & Water Utility Company for Jubail & Yanbu (Marafiq) joined the developer consortium.

    The Miahona/Besix team offered to develop the project for SR1.9407 ($0.5173) a cubic metre, while the second-lowest bid, from a team comprising Spain’s Acciona and the local Tawzea, was SR2.2041($0.588) a cubic metre.

    https://image.digitalinsightresearch.in/uploads/NewsArticle/15287185/main.jpg
    Yasir Iqbal
  • Morocco awards $1bn Casablanca airport terminal deal

    19 December 2025

    Morocco’s National Airports Office (ONDA) has awarded a MD12bn ($1.2bn) contract to build the new terminal at Casablanca’s Mohammed V International airport.

    The contract was awarded to the joint venture of local firms Societe Generale des Travaux du Maroc (SGTM) and Travaux Generaux de Construction de Casablanca (TGCC).

    Construction work on the Mohammed V International airport expansion is expected to begin immediately.

    The project is slated for completion in 2029.

    The expansion will cover more than 600,000 square metres (sq m) and increase the airport’s capacity to 30 million passengers a year.

    The project is designed by a consortium comprising the local branch of French engineering firm Egis Batiment International, Morocco’s Ala Concept and UK-based RSHP Architects.

    The scope of work covers preparatory works, structural works, waterproofing, steel structural works, building facades, electrical, mechanical and plumbing (MEP) works, data centre works, HVAC systems and other associated works.

    The tender also covers the construction of a 300-key airside hotel.

    The new terminal is expected to be ready in time for the 2030 Fifa World Cup, which Morocco is co-hosting alongside Portugal and Spain.

    ONDA tendered the project contract on 4 November, with a bid submission deadline of 16 December, as MEED reported.

    In July, ONDA began early works on the new terminal building, awarding an estimated MD294m ($29m) deal for enabling works to local firm Societe de Travaux Agricoles Marocaine.

    In January, Morocco’s Transport & Logistics Minister, Abdessamad Kayouh, said that the study to expand the airport’s capacity was nearing completion.

    The project is part of Morocco’s MD42bn ($4.3bn) plan to expand key airports in anticipation of increased passenger flow for the 2030 football World Cup.

    Morocco plans to upgrade several airports, including those in Tangier, Marrakech and Agadir, increasing their respective annual passenger capacities to 7 million, 16 million and 7 million.

    There are also plans to add a new terminal at Rabat-Sale airport, raising its capacity to 4 million passengers annually, and to increase Fez airport’s capacity to 5 million passengers annually. 

    The new terminal at Mohammed V International airport will be connected to a high-speed train network linking Kenitra to Marrakech.

    READ THE DECEMBER 2025 MEED BUSINESS REVIEW – click here to view PDF

    Prospects widen as Middle East rail projects are delivered; India’s L&T storms up MEED’s EPC contractor ranking; Manama balances growth with fiscal challenges

    Distributed to senior decision-makers in the region and around the world, the December 2025 edition of MEED Business Review includes:

    > BAHRAIN MARKET FOCUS: Manama pursues reform amid strain
    To see previous issues of MEED Business Review, please click here
    https://image.digitalinsightresearch.in/uploads/NewsArticle/15287093/main.jpg
    Yasir Iqbal