Meed | Egypt gas project activity collapses amid energy crisis

Egypt gas project activity collapses amid energy crisis

27 February 2025

The total value of active Egyptian gas projects has fallen by 79% despite a steep decline in domestic gas output that has ramped up the need for costly imports.

At the start of 2019, the total value of active gas projects in Egypt was $41.5bn. This has now sunk to $8.6bn, according to data from regional project tracker MEED Projects.

Despite the billions of dollars of investment that has been sunk into upstream projects in Egypt’s gas sector in recent years, production has been dropping after it peaked in 2021, according to the Energy Institute’s Statistical Review of World Energy.

In 2021, Egypt produced 67.8 billion cubic metres (bcm) of gas. This fell to 64.5 bcm in 2022 and 57.1 bcm in 2023.

In May 2024, Egypt’s domestic gas output hit a six-year low, down by about 25% from its 2021 peak.

Declining domestic production has led to a severe energy shortage in Egypt.

Last year, the North African country had to resort to load-shedding to keep its grid functioning amid a lack of gas supply and rising demand, while the deepening energy crisis strained Cairo’s budget as it grappled with a heavy subsidies bill.

In the past 12 months, Gulf countries have had to help Egypt finance liquefied natural gas (LNG) imports worth billions of dollars to try and ease the country’s crisis.

Egypt had planned to become a regional gas hub and a major exporter after Italy’s Eni discovered the Zohr offshore field in 2015.

When Zohr started production in 2017, Egypt’s oil and gas ministry said that the field would produce 2.7 billion cubic feet a day (bcf/d) until 2039, but after rising to a peak at 3.2 bcf/d in 2019 output fell to just 1.9 bcf/d in the first half of 2024.

Production outlook

The collapse in the total value of gas projects in Egypt does not bode well for future domestic gas production – and signals that the country may remain reliant on costly gas imports for some time to come.

In addition, many of Egypt’s biggest active gas projects remain at the study stage with significant uncertainty about when execution will start and new production will be brought online.

A total of $5.1bn of all of Egypt’s active gas projects are currently in the study stage, making up 60% of active gas projects in the country.

Meanwhile, 12% of active gas projects are at the bid evaluation stage and 27% are currently under execution.

Last year, the Egyptian Natural Gas Holding Company launched an international bid round for the exploration and exploitation of natural gas and crude oil across 12 blocks in the Mediterranean and Nile Delta, as part of an initiative to try to boost production.

The 12 blocks were comprised of 10 offshore blocks and two onshore blocks.

While this initiative is promising, it is expected that Egypt’s efforts to attract bidders could be held back by recent problems with prompt payments to international oil companies (IOCs).

The Egyptian General Petroleum Corporation (EGPC) has accrued arrears to IOCs, estimated at $4bn-$5bn.

These debts have arisen due to a combination of foreign exchange shortages, as well as other structural issues, including declining domestic gas production, rising domestic consumption that limits gas export opportunities, and increased subsidies provided by EGPC to the electricity sector.

While gas project activity has plummeted since the start of 2019, oil project activity has seen a slight uptick, according to MEED Projects.

At the beginning of 2019, the total value of all active oil projects in Egypt was $15.2bn. As of 11 February 2024, this had risen by 15% to $17.6bn.

Economic issues are expected to hamper the development and execution of projects in the oil and gas sectors in 2025.

Inflation is rising, the Egyptian pound is continuing to lose value and millions of Egyptians are grappling with a cost-of-living crisis.

Inflation stood at 24% in December 2024 and Egypt’s debt-to-GDP ratio remains high, at 89% for the 2023-24 fiscal year.

The low value of the Egyptian pound is likely to cause significant problems to those that want to execute large-scale projects in Egypt’s oil and gas sectors, as it is likely to increase the cost of importing raw materials and equipment.

In December, the European Commission announced a plan to disburse €1bn ($1.05bn) in loans to help Egypt cover part of its financing needs for the fiscal year 2024-25 and “ensure macroeconomic stability”.

Financial support has also been provided by the IMF, the World Bank and the UAE.

However, with Egypt’s perilous economic situation hampering project development and a failure to execute strategic projects constraining economic growth, it is possible that the North African country will be reliant on significant assistance from its foreign partners for energy imports for some time to come.

MEED’s March 2025 special report on Egypt includes:

> COMMENT: Egypt battles structural issues
> GOVERNMENT: Egypt is in the eye of Trump’s Gaza storm
> ECONOMY: Egypt’s economy gets its mojo back
> OIL & GAS: Egypt gas project activity collapses amid energy crisis
> POWER & WATER: Egypt’s utility projects keep pace
> CONSTRUCTION: Coastal city scheme is a boon to Egypt construction

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Wil Crisp

Exclusive from Meed

KBR seeks renewable energy contracts in Libya
29 September 2026
Sharakat receives bids for Riyadh East sewage treatment plant
29 September 2026
Egypt firm wins Al-Dabaa desalination O&M contract
29 September 2026
Oman awards exploration blocks to state upstream firm
28 September 2026
Saudi Arabia qualifies firms for gas-fired IPPs
28 September 2026

KBR seeks renewable energy contracts in Libya
29 September 2026

The US-headquartered technology and engineering company KBR is seeking renewable energy project contracts in Libya.

Representatives from KBR met with Abdussalam Elansari, chairman of the Renewable Energy Authority of Libya, earlier this month to discuss project opportunities, sources said.

The meeting with Elansari followed KBR’s opening of a new branch in Libya and its securing of several contract awards in the oil and gas sector.

In March, KBR announced that it had been awarded a contract by Zallaf Exploration, Production & Refining of Oil & Gas Company to provide project management and technical services for the South Refinery Project in Libya’s southern city of Ubari.

Under the terms of the contract, KBR will provide contract management, project management and supporting technical services throughout the engineering, procurement and construction (EPC) phases of the project, according to a company statement.

The EPC work is expected to be executed over a 50-month period.

KBR is also carrying out work to re-evaluate the front-end engineering and design (feed) for the project to develop Libya’s J6 North Gialo field.

In January, KBR signed a memorandum of understanding (MoU) with the state-owned Libyan Post, Telecommunications & Information Technology Company.

Under the MoU, KBR agreed to support efforts to develop and improve Libya’s communications infrastructure and enhance fifth-generation (5G) mobile networks in the country.

KBR has previously provided engineering services for major national projects in Libya, but was forced to shut down its office in the country several times amid political instability and security issues.

When the company was known as Brown & Root, it worked on the Great Man-Made River Project in Libya, which is widely recognised as the largest irrigation project in the world.

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Wil Crisp
Sharakat receives bids for Riyadh East sewage treatment plant
29 September 2026
Saudi Arabia’s state water offtaker Sharakat has received bids for the contract to develop the $150m Riyadh East independent sewage treatment plant (ISTP).

Bids were submitted on 28 September.

The plant will have a treatment capacity of 200,000 cubic metres a day (cm/d) in its first phase, expanding to 500,000 cm/d in the second phase.

Five consortiums made offers, including:
- EtihadWE (UAE) / Metito (UAE) / Thrustboring Construction Company (TCC, Saudi Arabia)
- GS Inima (Spain) / Alkhorayef (Saudi Arabia)
- Lamar (Bahrain) / China Harbour Engineering Company (CHEC)
- Miahona (Saudi Arabia) / Marafiq (Saudi Arabia) / Bin Omairah Holding (Saudi Arabia)
- Suez (France) / Civil Works Company (Saudi Arabia) / Alwael (Saudi Arabia)
In May, MEED exclusively reported that groups had begun to form for the project, which will be developed under a build‑own‑operate‑transfer model with a 25‑year concession term.

It is understood that at least two other potential consortiums weighed up making an offer for the contract, but did not bid.

In 2024, Sharakat prequalified 53 companies that could bid for the Riyadh East ISTP, part of seven planned ISTP projects it said it would procure between 2024 and 2026. The request for proposals was issued last October.

WSP is the technical adviser, and KPMG Middle East is the lead and financial adviser.

The targeted commercial operation date for the facility is 2029.
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Mark Dowdall
Egypt firm wins Al-Dabaa desalination O&M contract
29 September 2026

Elsewedy Utilities has been awarded a three-year operation and maintenance (O&M) contract for a seawater desalination plant in Al-Dabaa on Egypt’s north coast.

The plant has a production capacity of 40,000 cubic metres a day (cm/d), and the contract runs for three years.

The award reflects Egypt’s increased focus on involving local private sector companies in operating and maintaining existing seawater desalination plants.

In March, Egypt’s Ministry of Housing, Utilities & Urban Communities directed that a number of existing desalination plants with capacities of more than 10,000 cm/d be offered to specialised local private sector companies for O&M. The plants include facilities in Al-Dabaa, Matrouh and El-Alamein, as well as sites in the Red Sea region and North and South Sinai.

The government said the move is intended to improve operating efficiency, strengthen maintenance systems and make greater use of specialised technical expertise. The contract value was not disclosed.

Elsewedy Utilities is the utilities and facilities management arm of Elsewedy Electric, with activities spanning engineering, procurement and construction, O&M and utility management.

As MEED understands, the contract is separate from the South Med desalination project at Al-Dabaa, which is being developed for the Engineering Authority of the Armed Forces’ Water Management Department.

Elsewedy Electric Infrastructure previously announced it is the main engineering, procurement and construction contractor for the planned 160,000-cubic-metre-a-day seawater reverse-osmosis plant.

Cairo-headquartered Engineering Experience Group also won a design and engineering services contract for the project in June.

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Mark Dowdall
Oman awards exploration blocks to state upstream firm
28 September 2026

Oman’s Ministry of Energy & Minerals (MEMR) has awarded state-owned upstream firm OQ Exploration & Production (OQEP) exploration rights for three hydrocarbon blocks in the sultanate.

OQEP, which is 75% owned by Omani state energy group OQ, has secured rights for Blocks 36, 43A and 66.

Under the agreements, OQEP will conduct geological and geophysical surveys, analysis and modelling, and drill exploratory wells at the three blocks, with the aim of developing recoverable reserves.

Neither MEMR nor OQEP disclosed the blocks’ locations, areas or prospective reserves in their statement.

OQEP’s portfolio comprises 14 upstream oil and gas exploration and production assets in Oman, covering onshore and offshore operations and assets held under service contracts.

Formerly known as Oman Oil Company Exploration & Production, OQEP’s flagship assets include Block 60, which contains the Abu Tubul and Bisat oil fields, and Block 48. The company also holds strategic interests in gas-producing Blocks 9, 10 and 61.

Offshore expansion

OQEP has been expanding its offshore exploration portfolio. In February, the company acquired a 30% participating interest in offshore Block 18, following MEMR’s award of exploration rights to a joint venture between OQEP subsidiary OQ Exploration & Production Al-Batinah Offshore and PC Oman Ventures, a wholly owned subsidiary of Malaysia’s Petronas.

Located off Oman’s northeastern coast, Block 18 covers more than 21,000 square kilometres in the Sea of Oman, with water depths ranging from 50 metres to 3,000 metres. No confirmed discoveries have previously been reported in the block.

ALSO READ: Concession deals boost momentum in Oman mining

Under the concession agreement, Petronas holds a 70% participating interest and operatorship, while OQEP holds the remaining 30%.

OQEP has also expanded its producing portfolio through the acquisition of a 35% interest in onshore Block 27 from Japan's Mitsui E&P Middle East in April. The transaction was valued at RO28.8m ($75m).

Block 27 is operated by US-based Occidental Petroleum, which holds a 65% participating interest under an exploration and production-sharing agreement valid until 2035.

OQEP expects its interest in the block to contribute approximately 3,500 barrels of oil equivalent a day (boe/d) in additional net production this year.

In June, MEMR signed an with OQEP and state-owned Turkiye Petroller AO (TPAO), granting the companies exclusive exploration, appraisal, development and production rights for offshore Block 80.

The block covers approximately 5,737 sq km in the Gulf of Oman, near the Strait of Hormuz and off Musandam governorate. It includes the producing Bukha and West Bukha oil and gas fields.

The agreement stipulates a minimum exploration investment commitment of $90m over an initial eight-year exploration period. The work programme is divided into two phases to evaluate the block’s hydrocarbon potential.

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Indrajit Sen

Saudi Arabia qualifies firms for gas-fired IPPs

28 September 2026

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Principal buyer Saudi Power Procurement Company (SPPC) has qualified 13 companies to bid for the third round of Saudi Arabia’s combined-cycle gas turbine (CCGT) independent power producer (IPP) programme.

The projects will comprise new CCGT plants developed on a build-own-operate basis. Each project will be implemented through a special-purpose project company wholly owned by the successful bidder.

The qualified firms are:

Abu Dhabi National Energy Company [Taqa] (UAE)
Acwa (Saudi Arabia)
Al-Bawani Capital (Saudi Arabia)
Al-Jomaih Energy & Water (Saudi Arabia)
EDF (France)
Etihad Development Company (UAE)
Kepco (South Korea)
Marafiq (Saudi Arabia)
Mitsubishi Power (Japan)
Nesma Renewable Energy (Saudi Arabia)
PowerChina (China)
Saudi Energy (Saudi Arabia)
Sumitomo Corporation (Japan)

Developers submitted statements of qualification for the round on 23 August, as exclusively reported by MEED.

Some have already begun “the process of forming consortiums to bid” for the project, with up to three or four groups likely to make offers.

Also in September, MEED exclusively reported that US-based GE Vernova was close to finalising a turbine reservation agreement with SPPC for the plants.

The new plants will use advanced H-class or J-class gas turbine technology. Each IPP is expected to comprise two or three gas turbine generators, corresponding heat recovery steam generators with duct firing, and one or two steam turbine generators.

The request for qualifications released by SPPC in July did not specify the number, locations or capacities of the projects, which mark the next stage of its CCGT IPP programme.

The first round comprises Taiba 1, Taiba 2, Qassim 1 and Qassim 2, with a combined capacity of 7,200MW.

The second round comprises Rumah 1, Rumah 2, Nairyah 1 and Nairyah 2, also with a combined capacity of 7,200MW.

Saudi Arabia’s Acwa recently said it had begun initial commercial operations at the Taiba 1 and Qassim 1 CCGT power plants.

US/India-based Synergy Consulting is the financial adviser for the procurement; Germany’s Fichtner is the technical adviser; and UK-headquartered Eversheds Sutherland is the legal adviser.

READ THE SEPTEMBER 2026 MEED BUSINESS REVIEW – click here to view PDF