meed-logo

line1 line2 line3
SIGN IN / REGISTER

Bahrain charts pathway to net-zero future

8 November 2023

The rebranding of state oil and gas holding company Nogaholding to Bapco Energies in May was the first overhaul made by Bahrain in a long, phased campaign to achieve net-zero emissions.

As a country that produces just 200,000 barrels a day (b/d) of oil and is almost solely dependent on its neighbour Saudi Arabia for oil and gas supplies, attaining net-zero emissions might be easier and quicker for Bahrain than for its hydrocarbons-heavy Gulf peers.

Bahrain appears to be aware of this potential and has been focusing its efforts on curating a programme to become net-zero by 2060. It has brought on board advisors such as Boston Consulting Group to devise a strategy to achieve its environmental goals.

Following the launch of the new brand identity, Bapco Energies published emissions-reduction targets in July, in one of the most detailed disclosures by any state energy enterprise in the GCC.

Using 2017 as a baseline year, Bapco Energies has committed to reducing absolute Scope 3 emissions in Bahrain by 30 per cent by 2035, and to reaching net-zero Scope 3 emissions by 2060.

In addition, Bapco Energies lists its Scope 1 and 2 net emissions intensity reduction targets, also using 2017 as a baseline, as 15 per cent by 2025, 25 per cent by 2030, 30 per cent by 2035, 50 per cent by 2040 and 75 per cent by 2050, to eventually reach net zero Scope 1 and 2 emissions by 2060.

Scope 1 and 2 emissions are directly related to the core operations of an energy-producing company. In contrast, Scope 3 refers to emissions for which the company is indirectly responsible – a critical measure in the fight against climate change.

Bapco Energies has made its Scope 1, 2 and 3 emissions targets public as part of a framework it has adopted to link its environmental sustainability efforts to its financing exercises. Standard Chartered Bank will support the financing framework.

Decarbonisation action

Similar to large-scale decarbonisation project investments made by Gulf national oil companies, Bapco Energies has initiated a carbon capture and storage (CCS) project estimated to be worth about $4bn, according to its CEO Mark Thomas. The project is expected to be able to sequester 10-12 million tonnes of carbon dioxide a year for at least 50 years.

The scope of the project involves sequestering the carbon dioxide emissions in a large gas reservoir in the Bahrain field, which is also known as the Awali field. The reservoir is big enough to sequester more than 550,000 million tonnes of carbon dioxide, according to Thomas.

The CCS project is bigger than any other project of its kind that has been announced, Thomas claimed in an interview with MEED.

“The good thing is that it is all onshore. Ten to 12 million tonnes of emissions are all within a 7 kilometre radius and the field where it will be stored is 10 kilometres away,” Thomas said.

“I have the space there,” he said. “The challenge is the technology and the cost. This is a very expensive project. We are looking for economies of scale and how we might stage it in a way that makes sense.

“We completed a very early feasibility study last year, in 2022,” he continued.

“We have subsequently engaged with experts in CCS and we expect that [a second] study will be done by mid-2023,” he said, adding that front-end engineering and design work for the project is expected to start before the end of this year.

Sitra refinery upgrade megaproject

Meanwhile, a $4.2bn project by Bahrain Petroleum Company (Bapco) to upgrade the Sitra refinery in Bahrain has made slow progress. The objective of the Bapco Modernisation Programme (BMP) is to boost the processing capacity of the country’s only oil refinery from 267,000 b/d to 380,000 b/d – a strategic target for Bahrain’s long-term downstream potential.

In February 2018, Bapco awarded the $4.2bn contract to perform engineering, procurement and construction (EPC) works to upgrade the Sitra refinery to a consortium led by France’s Technip Energies that includes Spain’s Tecnicas Reunidas and South Korea’s Samsung Engineering.

The project was originally expected to reach mechanical completion in 2023, with operations set to begin in 2024. MEED understands that Bapco will likely miss this commissioning schedule, however.

According to the latest update on EPC progress on the BMP, all of the catalysts required to start operating the newly-installed units have been delivered to the site, although the catalysts still need to be fully loaded into the units.

Upstream objectives

Despite its low oil production capacity, Bahrain is a key member of the Opec+ coalition of oil producers.

Bapco Upstream, the wholly-owned subsidiary of Bapco Energies, is striving to maintain, or even increase, its oil and gas production levels through capital expenditure on key projects.

Bapco Upstream, previously known as Tatweer Petroleum, is the sole operator of the onshore Bahrain field – the first oil field discovered in the Gulf region in 1932. The company produces an average of 42,400 b/d of crude oil and 1.67 billion cubic feet a day of non-associated gas from the Bahrain field.

This represents less than a quarter of the country’s oil output capacity, but is important to Manama as it is the only indigenous oil-producing asset and is key to meeting domestic oil demand.

Bapco Upstream also shares the offshore Abu Safah field, located in the Gulf waters between Bahrain and Saudi Arabia, with Saudi Aramco. Abu Safah contributes about 145,000 b/d to Bahrain’s oil production.

At present, the firm is pushing ahead with a phased field development project to install non-associated gas compressor facilities and remote gas dehydration units to maintain gas deliverability from the Bahrain field. Bapco Upstream is understood to be close to awarding a contract for EPC work on non-associated gas compressor facilities and associated works as part of this project.

https://image.digitalinsightresearch.in/uploads/NewsArticle/11273443/main2024.jpg
Indrajit Sen

Register for MEED's guest program now to access this article.

Click here to register
Exclusive from Meed
Related Articles
  • Renewables projects in Oman near completion

    9 March 2026

    Three Oman-based renewable energy projects are nearing completion, according to OQ Alternative Energy (OQAE), part of Oman’s state-backed energy group OQ.

    The Riyah 1, Riyah 2 and North Solar projects have a combined capacity of 330MW and are expected to be operational by the end of the year, the renewable energy firm said in a statement.

    The Riyah 1 and Riyah 2 wind power plants are located in the Amin and West Nimr fields in southern Oman, while the North Solar project is located in northern Oman.

    OQAE owns a 51% share in the three projects, which are being developed in partnership with France’s TotalEnergies for state-backed firm Petroleum Development Oman (PDO).

    The schemes have a combined investment of more than $230m.

    Once commissioned, PDO will purchase the electricity from the plants through long-term power-purchase agreements with the developer team, whose 49% shares are owned by TotalEnergies.

    According to OQAE, the North Oman Solar project is approaching mechanical completion. About 95% of tracker and photovoltaic (PV) module installation has been completed, with full PV module installation expected by mid-March.

    Construction is also progressing on the Riyah wind projects. Seven wind turbines with a tip height of 200 metres have been erected and installation works are continuing on the remaining units.

    All 36 wind turbine generators have arrived in Oman and 19 have been transported from the port to the site. All wind turbine foundations have also been completed, allowing installation works to accelerate.

    OQAE said the projects have achieved about 30% in-country value, with several local companies involved in the supply chain.

    These include Voltamp, Oman Cables, Al-Kiyumi Switchgear and Al-Hassan Switchgear, which supplied electrical equipment and infrastructure components.

    Substation engineering design was carried out by Worley Oman. Muscat-based business conglomerate Khimji Ramdas handled logistics and customs management for turbine components.

    https://image.digitalinsightresearch.in/uploads/NewsArticle/15910036/main.jpg
    Mark Dowdall
  • Dubai’s real estate faces a hard test

    9 March 2026

    Commentary
    Yasir Iqbal
    Construction writer

    Register for MEED’s 14-day trial access 

    Dubai entered 2026 from a position of historic strength. Dubai Land Department figures show AED917bn ($250bn) in real estate transactions in 2025 across more than 270,000 deals, with residential prices up 60%-75% since 2021.

    In January 2026, the surge extended. Residential transaction values jumped 44% year-on-year to AED55bn. By most measures, it was Dubai’s strongest property cycle on record.

    Then the drones and missiles arrived.

    Iran has reportedly launched more than 1,000 drones and missiles towards UAE targets in recent days. Most of these attacks were neutralised, but debris struck its major assets, such as the Burj Al-Arab hotel and Dubai International airport. Explosions were also reported near the Fairmont the Palm hotel, the US Consulate and in Dubai Marina. These are not shocks that can be quietly absorbed by a market whose value proposition rests on being “safe”.

    Dubai property has been stress-tested before. In 2008, prices fell 50%-60% and took six years to recover. A 2014-19 correction knocked off another 25%-30%. Covid-19 was sharper but shorter, with the market stabilising within 12-18 months. Dubai tends to correct hard, then rebound quickly once confidence returns.

    What’s different now is the nature of the shock, which is the physical damage to the city itself. The core question is whether Dubai’s safe-harbour identity, which is what drew thousands of millionaires and billions in personal wealth last year, can survive missiles landing across the city for long.

    Markets have reacted negatively, as expected. Emaar and Aldar shares fell about 5% in a few days. Developer bond markets are largely shut to new issuance. Off-plan sales, which are about 65% of 2025 transactions, are most exposed because buyers must commit capital years ahead of planned delivery dates amid uncertainty.

    Fitch had already projected a correction of up to 15% in late 2025-26; UBS ranked Dubai fifth out of 21 cities for bubble risk.

    There are offsets, however. Regional capital flight has historically flowed into Dubai, and a large expatriate base provides steady demand. But it is unwise to assume past recovery patterns will repeat amid the unprecedented times, and a 2026 delivery pipeline of over 131,000 units, which is already running ahead of population growth.

    Dubai now faces two risks at once: a structural correction and a reputational shock. The outcome hinges less on the data than on one variable: how long the conflict lasts, and how close it stays.

    https://image.digitalinsightresearch.in/uploads/NewsArticle/15910169/main.jpg
    Yasir Iqbal
  • Bahrain’s Bapco Energies declares force majeure

    9 March 2026

    Register for MEED’s 14-day trial access 

    Bahrain’s state energy conglomerate Bapco Energies has declared force majeure on its group-wide operations following attacks on the Sitra oil refinery in the country.

    In a statement on 9 March, Bapco Energies said its decision to issue the force majeure notice follows “the recent attack on its refinery complex”, without providing details.

    Earlier in the day, Bahrain’s National Communication Centre announced that “the facility in Ma’ameer” – an apparent reference to the refining facility in near Sitra – had been targeted in an Iranian attack, causing a fire to break out. The fire was contained, and “the incident resulted in material damage but caused no injuries or fatalities”, said the statement carried by the official Bahrain News Agency.

    “The company clarified that all local market needs are fully secured according to the proactive plans in place, ensuring the continuity of supplies and meeting local demand without impact,” Bapco Energies said in its statement.

    “Bapco Energies values its relationships with all of its stakeholders and will continue to communicate the latest available information,” it said.

    The Monday morning attack on the Sitra refinery was the second strike on the complex in days. Iranian missiles hit the facility on 5 March, resulting in parts of the refinery being engulfed in flames, although that fire was also put out quickly.

    ALSO READ: Oil prices soar above $100 a barrel as conflict intensifies

    QatarEnergy has also issued force majeure to customers that have been affected by its decision to stop production and shipments of liquefied natural gas (LNG) and associated products.

    “QatarEnergy values its relationships with all of its stakeholders and will continue to communicate the latest available information,” the state enterprise said in a statement on 4 March.

    QatarEnergy announced its decision to halt production of LNG and associated products on 2 March due to military attacks on the company’s operating facilities in Ras Laffan Industrial City and Mesaieed Industrial City in Qatar.

    The following day, the company said it was stopping output of products in the downstream energy value chain, including urea, polymers, methanol, aluminium and other products.

    The state enterprise did not blame Iran for the attacks in either of its statements, but it is understood that its facilities have been hit by drones or missiles launched by Tehran, as it retaliates against Israel, the US and their military bases in the GCC states, further escalating the ongoing conflict.

    ALSO READ:
    https://image.digitalinsightresearch.in/uploads/NewsArticle/15910429/main.jpeg
    Indrajit Sen
  • Wade Adams wins more work in Dubai

    9 March 2026

    Dubai-based Wade Adams Contracting has been awarded two contracts covering infrastructure works in the Nad Al-Sheba and Villanova communities in Dubai.

    The first contract, which was awarded by local real estate developer Dubai Holding, covers roads and infrastructure works for the spine road at its Nad Al-Sheba residential development.

    The scope of work includes the development of the road network, service reservation, storm water drainage, street lighting, traffic control, potable water system and sewage collection system.

    The work also covers the main irrigation system, fire-fighting system, electrical power ducts, telecommunications, spare ducts, irrigation pump station, storm pump station and all utility tie-in connections to adjacent packages.

    The project area covers 2,800 square metres (sq m).

    The other contract covers the infrastructure works for the La Tilia cluster at the Villanova development.

    The scope of work includes ground investigation, demolition and site clearance, earthworks, road network, Dubai Electricity & Water Authority-related works, street lighting, telecommunications, irrigation, drainage, sewerage and spare ducts.

    In August last year, Wade Adams Contracting was awarded a contract to carry out infrastructure works within the Nad Al-Sheba Gardens development in Dubai, as MEED reported.

    The contract includes enabling works, roads and utility services in Zones C, D and H of the development.

    The project spans an area of over 550,000 sq m within Nad Al-Sheba Gardens.

    This latest contract adds to the work awarded to Wade Adams in January, which included two contracts for grading and enabling works in clusters D and H of Nad Al-Sheba Gardens, as well as infrastructure works in Zone E.

    https://image.digitalinsightresearch.in/uploads/NewsArticle/15909803/main.jpg
    Yasir Iqbal
  • Roshn signs $177m investment deal with local developer

    9 March 2026

    Saudi gigaproject developer Roshn Group has signed an investment agreement worth over SR650m ($177) with Riyadh-based developer Miskan Real Estate Development Company.

    The agreement will allow the firm to develop a project spanning more than 68,000 square metres (sq m) of land within the Warefa community in Riyadh.

    The latest agreement follows Roshn Group's signing of several land sale and development deals with local developers, worth over SR2bn ($570m).

    The agreements were signed on the sidelines of the recently concluded Restatex Real Estate Exhibition in Riyadh.

    The signed agreements cover residential and commercial projects at Roshn’s Sedra and Warefa communities in Riyadh.

    The client signed three agreements worth over SR1.3bn ($363m) related to its Sedra residential community. These include a SR1bn ($293m) agreement with Jeddah-based developer Arabian Dyar for a 55,000 sq m plot.

    Another agreement was signed with Riyadh-based firm Tiraz Al-Arabia to build integrated commercial facilities within the Sedra development. The value of this deal has yet to be disclosed.

    In a separate announcement, Alramz Real Estate Company said it has signed a SR262m ($70m) agreement to acquire and develop a plot spanning over 14,000 sq m for a 240-unit residential project in Sedra.

    In Warefa, Roshn signed two agreements totalling SR781m ($208m).

    It signed a SR548m ($146m) deal with Sateaa Altameer for Real Estate to develop a site spanning an area of over 108,000 sq m.

    Another SR233m ($62m) agreement was signed with Fayziyya for Real Estate Development for a plot covering 46,000 sq m.

    https://image.digitalinsightresearch.in/uploads/NewsArticle/15909425/main.png
    Yasir Iqbal