meed-logo

line1 line2 line3
SIGN IN / REGISTER

Bahrain banks have cause for cheer

8 November 2023

Bahrain’s crowded banking sector has seen a sustained improvement in performance over the past year, amid generally stable economic conditions in which higher oil prices and procyclical public spending play a key role.

Loan books are in good shape. According to the Central Bank of Bahrain (CBB), the non-performing loan (NPL) ratio of conventional wholesale banks stood at just 2.1 per cent in the second quarter of 2023, compared to 2.5 per cent in the same period in 2022 – and well down on the 5 per cent seen at the height of the Covid-19 crisis.

Profitability has returned to banks, and higher interest rates – one source of those profits – have not yet had a material impact on loan quality.

Bank metrics have held up quite well, says Amin Sakhri, director – financial institutions, at Fitch Ratings. “There is a broadly stable NPL ratio and deterioration has been contained. We could have expected to see higher rates causing deterioration of asset quality in 2023 but the impact has been limited. We were seeing some deterioration, but it is very well contained.”

In addition, says Sakhri, liquidity in the system remains strong and is supported by higher oil prices. Capital buffers also remain sound and are supported by healthy internal capital generation from profitability overall.

Strong profit growth

The largest banks have seen profits swell this year. Bank of Bahrain & Kuwait showed a 20.9 per cent increase in first-half 2023 profits to BD37m ($98m), on the back of higher net interest income. National Bank of Bahrain showed a smaller 4 per cent increase in net income to BD40.8m ($108m) for the six months to the end of June, driven by higher income from loans and investment securities.

Even so, the overall profitabily of Bahraini banks is low compared to that of competitor countries. The system-weighted average return on assets at 1.2 per cent in 2022 was the lowest in the GCC region, according to the Washington-based IMF, which may reflect intense competition in a market that comprises 75 conventional and Islamic banks.

The shifting global interest rate environment inevitably has a bearing on performances.

According to S&P Global Ratings, a higher-for-longer interest environment means liquidity will be scarcer and more expensive, potentially affecting Bahrain, which has a growing external debt position. The agency points out that Bahrain's retail banks have large and expanding net external liabilities, which at the end of the first quarter of 2023 reached 26 per cent of total domestic lending. Against that, S&P Global Ratings notes that 60 per cent of the foreign liabilities are interbank, and 60 per cent are sourced from the GCC, giving reassurance that external funding will remain stable.

Loan-to-deposit ratios consistently below 80 per cent are another indicator that local deposits and external liabilities are recycled into government and local central bank exposures, said S&P.

Banks that are more corporate-focused benefit more on the asset side because the loans are on floating rates and re-price more quickly upon rate hikes, says Sakhri. “High rates have been supportive, but a bit less so than in markets like Saudi Arabia or the UAE, as these have higher proportions of lower-cost funding.”

Well capitalised

The strong capital positions of Bahraini lenders are a source of strength when it comes to supporting domestic project activity.

“Generally, Bahraini banks are well capitalised. The average Common Equity Tier 1 (CET1) ratio is solid, even in a GCC context, and the loan-to-deposit ratio, as reported by the CBB, is fairly low,” says Sakhri.

This means banks have the ability to absorb a large part of these projects. “We are not really concerned in terms of where banks are going to deploy capital, but it is important to bear in mind that households are under pressure, primarily due to the increase in the cost of living,” Sakhri adds.

Another area where Bahrain has been a regional leader is in financial technology (fintech) and digital banking. According to the World Bank Global Fintech Database, Bahrain was already a leader compared to the region and upper middle-income countries in 2017, with about 80 per cent of the population having made use of digital payments.

Since then, Bahrain has taken significant regulatory steps to create a favourable environment for fintech, including the introduction of a fintech unit at the CBB, a regulatory sandbox and new regulations for the digitalisation of banking and payment services.

As the IMF noted in a September 2023 assessment, digital payment service solutions, such as mobile payment applications, contactless payment cards and e-wallets, have been adopted by the public.   

Meanwhile, the door is still open for consolidation in a crowded banking system. The majority of these lenders are small, but just three of the country’s banks have a 50 per cent share of total assets.

The merger of Ahli United Bank and with Kuwait Finance House in 2022 was a cross-border deal, but the traditional drivers for domestic consolidation – which in the Gulf tend to be state equity owners looking to rationalise their shareholdings – are largely absent in Bahrain.

“Bahraini banks are generally profitable and their financial profiles are healthy, so there is no immediate need for mergers,” says Sakhri.

That will leave the country with perhaps more banks than it strictly needs, a legacy of its former position as the Gulf’s main financial centre.

https://image.digitalinsightresearch.in/uploads/NewsArticle/11273948/main.gif
James Gavin

Register for MEED's guest program now to access this article.

Click here to register
Exclusive from Meed
Related Articles
  • Eni completes $1bn Libya gas project

    20 October 2026

    Libya’s Mellitah Oil & Gas Company, a joint venture of Libya’s National Oil Corporation (NOC) and Italian oil and gas company Eni, has achieved mechanical completion on its Bouri gas utilisation project (GUP).

    In a statement, Eni said that start-up procedures are currently under way, enabling the recovery of associated gas produced from the Bouri field, which is located in Libya’s western offshore area.

    The main contract for the project, worth $1bn, was awarded to Italy’s Saipem in August 2023.

    The project involved the construction and installation of the new Bouri gas recovery module and related tie-in infrastructure that enables the recovery and treatment of gas that was previously flared.

    In its statement, Eni said that the project “represents one of the most significant emissions reduction initiatives in Libya’s energy sector”.

    It also said that it would contribute to improving the environmental performance of the country’s production system by reducing greenhouse gas emissions by approximately 1.5 million tonnes of carbon dioxide a year.

    The recovered gas will be supplied to the domestic market, adding about 700 million cubic metres a year and helping meet demand from the power generation sector.

    The project will also support additional gas volumes available for export to Europe through the GreenStream pipeline.

    Eni said: “The start-up of the Bouri GUP confirms the joint commitment of Eni and NOC to the development of Libya’s energy sector through initiatives that combine production growth, operational efficiency and environmental stewardship.

    “The project is part of a broader strategy aimed at enhancing the value of the country’s gas resources while reducing the emissions intensity of upstream activities.”

    Other key projects currently under way in Libya include the A&E Structures Project, which is focused on bringing new offshore gas resources onstream for both the domestic market and exports, as well as initiatives aimed at upgrading and optimising gas production and transportation infrastructures.

    Eni has been present in Libya since 1959, and the company’s equity production in the country in 2025 amounted to approximately 162,000 barrels of oil equivalent a day.

    The Bouri offshore field is part of Libya’s Block NC-41, located 120 kilometres north of the Libyan coast in the Mediterranean Sea.

    It was first discovered in 1976 at a depth of 8,700 feet. It is estimated to contain 4.5 billion barrels in proven recoverable crude oil reserves and 3.5 trillion cubic feet of associated natural gas, with an annual production potential of 6 billion cubic metres.

    The first development phase, costing nearly $2bn, was completed in 1990.

    This was immediately followed by a second development phase, which entailed drilling 55 new wells and constructing three additional platforms. Production began from the oil platforms DP4 and DP3 in August 1998.

    https://image.digitalinsightresearch.in/uploads/NewsArticle/20770288/main3529.jpg
    Indrajit Sen
  • Diriyah Company tenders East Wadi bridge

    20 October 2026

     

    Saudi Arabia’s Diriyah Company has invited contractors to bid on the construction of the DG II East Wadi Bridge, a key crossing within Riyadh’s Diriyah master development.  

    The bridge will provide an arterial road connection linking the Diriyah Gate Phase 2 (DG II) Infrastructure Package 1 and Package 2 zones.  

    The project scope involves the construction of a 100-metre clear-span, 44-metre-wide, single-span post-tensioned concrete bridge structure with integrated abutments and four architectural towers.  

    The contract also encompasses approach slabs, access roads, pavements, associated earthworks, architectural finishes and cladding, mechanical, electrical and plumbing installations, utility interfaces, bridge parapets, vehicle restraint systems, waterproofing, testing and commissioning, and associated temporary works.  

    The client will supply the detailed engineering design, and the selected contractor will develop the construction methodology.

    Diriyah Company issued the prequalification tender on 14 September, with submissions due by 10 December.

    https://image.digitalinsightresearch.in/uploads/NewsArticle/20769223/main.png
    Yasir Iqbal
  • Kuwait selects firms for power works at housing projects

    20 October 2026

     

    Kuwait’s Public Authority for Housing Welfare (PAHW) has appointed contractors for works covering the supply and installation of 132kV underground cables at South Sabah Al-Ahmad Residential City.

    The contracts relate to engineering, procurement and construction (EPC) packages for works for 28 main 132/11kV substations across four phases.

    According to sources, Egypt’s Elsewedy Cables has won contracts for phases 1 and 3, while China’s TBEA Shandong Luneng Taishan Cable Company has won contracts for phases 2 and 4 of the development.

    In April, MEED reported that PAHW had received at least five bids for each of the first two packages, with Elsewedy and TBEA offering $44m and $40.5m, respectively.

    The first contract (phase 1) covers seven substations in zones N9, N7 and N5. The second contract (phase 2) covers seven substations in zones N10 and N5.

    PAHW issued two further 132kV underground cable tenders for the South Sabah Al-Ahmad residential development at the end of May, as reported by MEED.

    This included a contract (phase 3) covering the supply, extension and maintenance of 132kV underground cables linked to seven substations serving the N5, N6, N8 and N10 districts. Egytech Cables, a subsidiary of Elsewedy, submitted an offer of $39.95m, the lowest of four bids.

    The other contract (phase 4) covers the supply, extension and maintenance of 132kV underground cables feeding eight main transformer substations serving the N1, N6 and N11 districts. 

    MEED reported in July that TBEA had submitted an offer of $44.06m for the contract.

    South Saad Al-Abdullah 

    Separately, PAHW has appointed contractors for power transmission works at the South Saad Al-Abdullah residential development.

    The local firm Sayed Hamid Behbehani & Sons has won a contract to supply, install and maintain 10 main 132/11kV transformer substations for the development’s third phase. 

    Another local firm, Al-Ahleia Switchgear, has won a contract to supply, install and maintain 10 main 132/11kV transformer substations for the project’s fourth phase. 

    As reported in August, the contractors submitted bids of $104.2m and $103.3m, respectively.

    https://image.digitalinsightresearch.in/uploads/NewsArticle/20761431/main.jpg
    Mark Dowdall
  • Taqa moves forward with Mirfa-Liwa scheme

    20 October 2026

     

    Taqa Transmission and Taqa Distribution are advancing a major water transmission and distribution scheme serving Mirfa, Madinat Zayed and Liwa in Abu Dhabi, sources told MEED.

    The project, originally estimated to cost $775m, has been in procurement for several years. According to sources, a request for proposals has been issued, with bids due on 5 January 2027.

    The initial submission deadline was 11 November, before it was extended.

    The project was previously tendered in December 2024, with contractors submitting bids for transmission and distribution packages in January 2025.  As of August, the bids were still under evaluation. It is unclear whether the latest tender represents a revised procurement process for the same scheme.

    The project comprises a water transmission system from Mirfa, alongside distribution networks serving farms and settlements in the western region.

    According to details seen by MEED, the latest scope includes a pumping station at Mirfa with a capacity of 128 million imperial gallons a day, about 125 kilometres of transmission pipelines to Muzairah, with branches to Madinat Zayed and Liwa Summit, and storage tanks at the three locations.

    The distribution network is divided into four geographic clusters covering Liwa East, Liwa West, Madinat Zayed and Seih Al-Kheir. The works include associated pipelines, pumping stations and storage facilities.

    The earlier procurement was structured as an engineering, procurement and construction scheme, divided between transmission and distribution works.

    As MEED understands, the latest tender is being pursued under a design, build and operate model, which extends the contractor’s responsibilities to operating the infrastructure after construction.

    https://image.digitalinsightresearch.in/uploads/NewsArticle/20758109/main2934.jpg
    Mark Dowdall
  • Contractors prepare prices for Adnoc Onshore field facilities project

    20 October 2026

     

    Contractors are preparing commercial bids for Adnoc Onshore’s project to build on-plot and off-plot facilities at the Rumaitha and Shanayel fields in Abu Dhabi’s North East Bab oil field cluster.

    The project will enhance and sustain crude output at Rumaitha and Shanayel at 45,000 barrels a day (b/d), supporting Adnoc’s Accelerated Integrated Programme 5 (AiP5) drive to lift capacity to 5 million b/d by 2027.

    Adnoc Onshore issued the main tender for engineering, procurement and construction (EPC) works on 19 June. Contractors submitted technical bids by 5 August, sources told MEED.

    The on-plot works include adding a crude processing train, produced water treatment and reinjection systems, surface water pumps, and multi-stage gas compression and dehydration units. Works also include utilities, safety and control systems, modifications to existing Phase 1 units and 220kV power infrastructure.

    The off-plot scope includes installing and tying in new gas-lifted producer and water-injection wells, as well as building and expanding wellhead clusters. Contractors will also lay crude-gathering, water-injection and gas-export pipelines connecting to the Adnoc Gas network and extend 33kV overhead power lines across the fields.

    The tender follows Adnoc Onshore’s shift in strategy for the wider North East Bab development – comprising the Al-Nouf, Rumaitha and Shanayel fields – after scrapping an earlier engineering, procurement and construction management (EPCm) approach. MEED reported in December that the operator had cancelled an off-plot EPCm contract awarded to China Petroleum Engineering & Construction Corporation (CPECC) in October 2024. Adnoc later cancelled a separate on-plot EPCm tender that it received bids for in the second quarter of 2025.

    In addition to the North East cluster, Adnoc Onshore continues to make progress on EPC works for another similar project to build off-plot facilities at the South East cluster of oil fields in Abu Dhabi, which is also integral to Adnoc Group’s AiP5 campaign.

    The South East cluster comprises the Asab, Mender, Qusahwira, Sahil and Shah fields and accounts for approximately a third of Adnoc Onshore’s oil production capacity.

    MEED previously reported that Adnoc Onshore awarded CPECC the EPC works for the South East off-plot facilities project, with the contract value estimated at around $1.2bn.

    CPECC is also performing EPC works on the South East on-plot facilities project in a consortium with Greece-headquartered Archirodon. Adnoc Onshore awarded an estimated $1.5bn contract for that project to the consortium in December 2024, with EPC works scheduled for completion in 2027.

    ALSO READ: Adnoc Onshore seeks bids for Bu Hasa field EOR project

    https://image.digitalinsightresearch.in/uploads/NewsArticle/20757699/main.jpeg
    Indrajit Sen