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Adnoc spurs downstream gas expansions

13 October 2023

This package on the UAE’s downstream sector also includes: 

> Adnoc Gas picks site for planned LNG terminal
> Adnoc Gas receives prices for Estidama package
> Adnoc and Dusup sign key gas supply agreement
> Adnoc receives bids for gas pipeline packages
> Adnoc receives prices for sales gas pipeline packages
> Adnoc Gas awards $3.6bn Project Meram contract

 

Demand for natural gas has risen exponentially in this decade, with its share in the global energy mix set to grow further in the decades to come.

Regional energy producers are deploying major capital expenditure programmes to increase their gas production and processing capabilities to cater to growing demand.

The UAE is striving to achieve self-sufficiency in gas production by 2030. With this objective in mind, Abu Dhabi National Oil Company (Adnoc) has committed significant investment towards expanding its midstream and downstream gas capabilities.

These projects seek to increase the availability of gas for utility providers and industrial customers in the UAE and ramp up ethane output to grow the country’s petrochemical sector and its derivatives ecosystem.

Hail and Ghasha galvanises UAE upstream market

Ruwais LNG project

Adnoc Gas, the gas processing business of Adnoc, has finalised the location for its planned liquefied natural gas (LNG) export terminal. The facility will have the capacity to produce about 9.6 million tonnes a year (t/y) of LNG from two processing trains, each with a capacity of 4.8 million t/y.

The overall value of the planned project is estimated to be upwards of $4.5bn, based on capital expenditure by operators on similar schemes worldwide.

Adnoc Gas received technical bids from contractors in May for the engineering, procurement and construction (EPC) works on the project, which will be built in Ruwais Industrial City in Abu Dhabi’s Al-Dhafrah region.

Adnoc Gas had originally planned to build the LNG terminal in the UAE emirate of Fujairah, which sits outside the Strait of Hormuz on the coast of the Gulf of Oman. In early May, however, the company announced it was shifting the location of the project from Fujairah to Ruwais, Abu Dhabi.

Sales gas pipeline network

Adnoc Gas is progressing the Estidama project, which is crucial to enhancing Adnoc’s sales gas pipeline network across the UAE. The project aims to cater to rising demand for gas from industrial consumers across the UAE, particularly in the Northern Emirates.

Contractors submitted commercial bids in August for combined package numbers 4 and 7. The combined package involves laying a new pipeline from the Al-Shuwaib pig launcher and pig receiver station to the Sajaa gas facility in Sharjah.

The scope also covers building a new gas pipeline between BVS-2/KP28.7 in Abu Dhabi to Dubai’s Margham gas facility to meet increased gas demand from Adnoc Gas’ customer Dubai Supply Authority (Dusup).

EPC works on the estimated $2bn-plus Estidama project have been divided into seven packages. Abu Dhabi-based contractor Integrated Specialised General Contracting Company (Iscco) won package 1, understood to have a contract value of $18m, in December 2021.

In early July, Adnoc Gas awarded contracts worth a combined $1.34bn for two other packages of the Estidama project. UK-headquartered Petrofac was awarded the EPC contract for package 2 of the Estidama project, estimated to be worth $720m.

A consortium of Abu Dhabi’s National Petroleum Construction Company (NPCC) and Lebanon-headquartered CAT Group won Estidama package 3, which is valued at about $630m.

Contractors submitted technical bids for package 6 in August 2022 and commercial bids by 21 November. Work on package 6 entails the installation of a 52-inch, 74-kilometre pipeline from Sweihan to Al-Shuwaib in Abu Dhabi and building two block valve stations.

Package 5 is expected to be tendered separately to contractors as part of a planned second phase of the sales gas pipeline upgrade project.

As per the original project schedule, EPC works on the Estidama project are due to be completed in 2025.

Ramping up ethane output

Adnoc Gas is in charge of one of the world’s largest gas processing complexes in Abu Dhabi, with the capacity to process about 8 billion cubic feet a day from its Asab, Bab, Bu Hasa, Habshan and Ruwais plants.

Increased volumes of ethane production will allow the company to commercialise it to supply feedstock to Borouge for its under-construction Borouge 4 petrochemicals complex, as well as to derivatives plants in the upcoming Taziz complex. Adnoc Gas intends to achieve this through the Maximise Ethane Recovery & Monetisation (Meram) project.

Adnoc Gas awarded a $3.6bn contract for Project Meram to a consortium of NPCC and Spanish contractor Tecnicas Reunidas in early August, with EPC work on the project starting later that month. The scope of work on the contract includes commissioning new gas processing facilities to enable an optimised supply to the Ruwais industrial complex, Adnoc Group said.

The strategic Meram project aims to achieve dual objectives, Adnoc stated.

The first goal is to increase ethane extraction by 35 to 40 per cent from Adnoc Gas’ existing onshore facilities in the Habshan gas processing complex by constructing new gas processing facilities.

The second goal is to unlock further value from existing feedstock and deliver it to Ruwais via a 120km natural gas liquids (NGL) pipeline.

LATEST NEWS FROM THE UAE's CHEMICALS SECTOR:
> Lummus seeks to expand Abu Dhabi office
> Firms express interest for Abu Dhabi methanol project
> Borouge and Borealis launch recycled products range
> Fertiglobe makes $84m profit in second quarter
> Borouge announces $231m profit in second quarter
> Adnoc opens formal chemicals integration talks with OMV

Taziz chemicals complex

Meanwhile, investors in the Taziz petrochemicals derivatives-producing industrial complex in Ruwais are pushing ahead with their projects.

Taziz – a 60:40 joint venture (JV) of Adnoc and Abu Dhabi’s industrial holding company ADQ – is overseeing the development of the sprawling industrial complex, which will mainly draw ethylene feedstock from the Borouge 4 facility to produce several in-demand chemicals.

A JV of UAE-based Fertiglobe, South Korea’s GS Energy and Japanese investment firm Mitsui awarded Italian contractor Tecnimont the main EPC contract for its planned blue ammonia project in the Taziz Industrial Chemicals Zone in February.

The JV has appointed KBR to provide the technology licence, basic engineering design, proprietary equipment and catalyst for the low-carbon ammonia plant, which will have a capacity of 1 million t/y.

India’s Reliance Industries is also an investor in the Taziz complex, having forged a partnership with Taziz and Abu Dhabi-based Shaheen Chem Holdings Investment to invest $2bn in developing three chemical plants producing chlor-alkali (940,000 t/y), ethylene dichloride (1.1 million t/y) and polyvinyl chloride (360,000 t/y).

Switzerland-based Proman has committed to building the UAE’s first methanol plant at Taziz, with a planned production capacity of 1.8 million t/y. The Proman-Taziz JV completed the contractor prequalification process for the EPC tendering round for the methanol production project in August. The operator is expected to issue the main EPC tender later this year.

As projects in the first phase of the chemicals complex move forward, Taziz is also understood to be gearing up for a second phase to more than double the number of chemicals produced at the derivatives hub.

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Indrajit Sen

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    On 21 April, as a fragile ceasefire held between the US and Iran, the Trump administration halted a $500m shipment in cash headed for Iraq, as it sought to clamp down on Iranian-backed Shia militias in the country. 

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    In July 2023, the CBI banned 14 banks from conducting dollar transactions in a crackdown on dollar smuggling. In February 2024, it banned a further eight banks from dollar transactions as part of a crackdown on fraud and money laundering.

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    The recent halt in US dollar cash shipments has nevertheless added pressure to Iraq’s parallel currency market gap, says Lucila Bonilla, lead emerging market economist at Oxford Economics.  

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    “Dollar demand has risen as citizens and traders seek to hedge uncertainty – dollar deposits are up, and there are reports of a notable shift in the composition of cash holdings toward dollars.”

    Ratings agencies see the US move on Iraqi dollar use as a challenge, but one that might not prove too onerous.

    “Iraq can overcome a short-term war as it has $100bn of reserves and its debt profile is bearable,” says Gilbert Hobeika, a director at Fitch Ratings.

    “But a longer-term conflict will hurt Iraq as the economy is reliant on oil revenues and government involvement, while facing at the same time risk from the US stopping delivery of US dollars.”

    How persistent the pressure proves will depend largely on the duration of the Hormuz shock and how the relationship with the US evolves.

    “Forming a new government that is palatable to the US could ease the pressure, though Iraq’s protracted government formation process adds uncertainty to that timeline,” says Bonilla.

    The US-Iran war is putting even more pressure on banks.

    “There are uncertainties with regard to depositors,” says Hobeika. “The public sector banks have weak management and governance structures. Financial reporting is weak, and that puts pressure on asset quality and capitalisation.”

    If the conflict lasts a long time, the government will start withdrawing funds to pay salaries and contractors.

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    Iraq’s banking system is dominated by a handful of state-owned banks with a market share of 75%-80%, and then 60-plus private banks competing for the remaining 20%-25% of the pie. 

    “Private banks have struggled to compete in a market with limited opportunities, small deposit bases and a narrow range of products, often focusing on very basic activities,” says Lea Hanna, an analyst at Moody’s.

    “In 2019, we had a wave of Islamic banks getting bans on dealing with US dollars – reducing what had been a primary source of business.”

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    “They have captured a large market share of US dollar transfers thanks to their strong US correspondent banking relationships that allow them easier access to US dollars. They have seen a surge in their profitability and an increase in their deposit base.”

    Financial reform

    The CBI has attempted to introduce reforms to the banking system, as part of a wider effort to enable it to channel funding to the private sector.

    In early 2025, it increased the minimum issued and paid-up capital requirement to ID400bn ($305m), along with a requirement to establish correspondent banking relationships for foreign-currency trading. The plan was to increase these in ID50bn increments every six months, to hasten sector consolidation.

    However, of Fitch’s rated banks, just two – state-owned Trade Bank of Iraq and Mansour Bank, a subsidiary of Qatar National Bank – met the full capital requirement.

    “While a lot of banks managed to increase their capital, a number of them didn’t and have been struggling to improve their systems and compliance with anti-terrorism and anti-money laundering regulations,” says Hobeika.

    “These systems take a long time to improve, and it costs the banks too. For that reason, they have agreed with the central bank to postpone implementation to 2027/28.”

    The expectation is that the number of private Iraqi banks will shrink from 60 to about half that number by 2028.

    “Iraq’s banking sector is undergoing a significant overhaul, with the Central Bank pushing through higher capital requirements, improved anti-money-laundering compliance, and a shift towards commercial banks managing their own international correspondent relationships. These moves are welcomed,” says Bonilla.

    But the harder work remains, argues Bonilla: state-owned banks still carry high levels of non-performing loans, weak governance and a history of politically directed lending, while private sector credit remains among the lowest in the region.

    “The stakes are high as the IMF estimates that a comprehensive reform of the financial sector, alongside broader governance and regulatory changes, could double Iraq’s non-oil growth potential over the medium term, adding around 4 percentage points to GDP,” says Bonilla.

    “For now, the reforms address the plumbing. The structural transformation of a banking system to serve the private sector is still largely ahead.”

    Clouded outlook

    So far, Iraq’s financial system seems to have averted a worst-case scenario of large-scale deposit withdrawals related to the Iran conflict.

    Any deposit withdrawals seem to be more related to the introduction of a digital custom system ASYCUDA (Automated System for Customs Data) aimed at helping the government collect revenues, which saw a lot of traders trying to bypass the custom charges.

    “This drove some exporters or traders to source US dollars outside the banking system, in the parallel market, to avoid stricter requirements and up-front payment of customs duties. That has now eased,” says Hanna.

    Looking ahead, Fitch anticipates that most government financing is likely to come from the CBI through indirect purchases of government securities.

    The central bank’s total claims on the central government represented about 52% of the domestic debt stock and 25% of the total debt stock at end-2024, notes the agency.

    It envisages that a smaller portion will come from the government’s cash deposits, anticipated to fall to an average 12% by 2027.

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    Surging foreign direct investment comes as a source of comfort, with annual inflows rising from around $2bn in 2022 to $5bn-$7bn from 2023 onwards. 

    Reform of the financial system will remain at the top of the new government’s in-tray.

    The regional environment is unconducive to this mammoth task, and it can only hope that an end to the conflict would support ongoing Iraqi efforts to build a financial system comparable to that of some of its Gulf neighbours.

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    Dubai Municipality has issued a request for qualifications for the Jebel Ali sewerage treatment plant (STP) expansion – phase 3 project.

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    Algeria’s state-owned oil and gas company, Sonatrach, is taking advantage of concerns about global gas and crude supplies to sign deals and push ahead with major upstream projects.

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    https://image.digitalinsightresearch.in/uploads/NewsArticle/16803345/main4150.jpg
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  • Chinese-Saudi joint venture to build $566m copper plant

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    Saudi Arabia-based industrial investment company Rawas and China’s Zhejiang Hailiang Company have signed a joint-venture agreement to establish a copper products manufacturing plant in the kingdom.

    The joint venture, in which Zhejiang Hailiang will hold 51% and Rawas 49%, plans to invest about $566m in the facility, which will be built near Dammam port in Saudi Arabia’s Eastern Province.

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    Shenzhen Stock Exchange-listed Zhejiang Hailiang is a subsidiary of Hailiang Group, one of the world’s largest copper pipe manufacturers and exporters.

    Rawas is based in Riyadh. Obeikan Investment Group and Al-Khorayef Group are among its founding shareholders, while other investors include Al-Muhaidib Group and Mohammed Abunayyan Investment Group.

    https://image.digitalinsightresearch.in/uploads/NewsArticle/16799512/main.jpg
    Indrajit Sen