Saudi water projects momentum holds steady
12 September 2023
This package on Saudi Arabia’s water sector also includes:
> Riyadh holds water pipeline bid clarifications
> Red Sea awards Amaala utility package
> Five banks agree $545m Rabigh 4 financing
> Saudi Arabia extends desalination bid deadline
> Albawani joins Jafurah water developer team
> Saudi Arabia evaluates Al-Haer wastewater bids
The Saudi water market remains the region’s largest, with $30bn-worth of projects in varying planning and procurement stages.
The sector is expected to expand further with multibillion-dollar capital expenditures allocated by the potable water and wastewater collection and treatment firm, the National Water Company (NWC), and Saline Water Conversion Corporation (SWCC), the world’s largest producer of desalinated water.
This offers great opportunities for water asset developers and engineering, procurement and construction (EPC) contractors aiming to capture a share of the kingdom’s burgeoning water projects market.
SWCC, NWC and the principal buyer of water, Saudi Water Partnership Company (SWPC), awarded over $32bn of water infrastructure and utility projects between 2013 and 2022, according to MEED Projects data.
Driving investment within the sector is the need to improve water security, a key component of Saudi Vision 2030, along with rising demand due to population and economic expansion.
Reducing the carbon footprint of the kingdom's existing seawater desalination fleet, dominated by plants running on older technologies, is also contributing to the urgency to build more energy-efficient water infrastructure.
This is matched by moves to make potable and wastewater water transmission and distribution more efficient and to minimise leakage and non-revenue water. The kingdom also needs to expand its overall water storage capacity to improve its emergency response.
Simultaneously, like most of its groundwater-scarce neighbours, there is growing pressure to adopt treated sewage effluent for agricultural and industrial applications to reduce demand for seawater desalination and comply with the kingdom’s circular carbon economy approach.
“It is an interesting time for the Saudi water sector,” says a Dubai-based water expert.
“There are many projects in the tendering phase, but there is also some degree of uncertainty in terms of how the roles of the key stakeholders could shift [in the future].”
This stems from the years-long restructuring of the sector and last year's cabinet resolution approving the transfer of water production, transportation and storage assets owned directly or indirectly by SWCC to Water Solutions Company, a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Saudi sovereign vehicle, the Public Investment Fund (PIF).
There is widespread expectation that SWCC will focus on research and development following the transfer of its assets to the PIF subsidiary, although this has not been formally announced.
Diversified clients
The lengthy restructuring of the kingdom’s water sector and rapid advance of so-called gigaprojects have diversified the profile of clients in the kingdom.
Neom and its subsidiary Enowa, SWCC transmission arm Water Transmission & Technologies Company (WTTCo) and other gigaproject developers, such as the royal commissions for Riyadh City and Al-Ula, have joined the mainstream water utility companies and municipalities in tendering new water infrastructure contracts over the past year.
In terms of projects in the pre-execution phase, SWPC is the top client, with a pipeline of projects worth at least $7bn.
SWPC is mandated to procure all water infrastructure projects in the kingdom on a public-private partnership (PPP) basis, including water desalination, wastewater treatment, transmission and reservoirs.
Its latest Seven-Year Planning Statement covering 2022-28 stipulates the procurement of about 50 independent water infrastructure projects, including several in the bid stage.
SWPC’s future projects pipeline outperforms that of NWC and SWCC. Neom, Enowa, WTTCo and the Royal Commission for Al-Ula round out the top seven clients.
Riyadh rides power projects surge
Independent projects
Following consecutive awards of independent water producer (IWP) and independent sewage treatment plant (ISTP) contracts between 2019 and 2021, SWPC has recently paced out the award of new contracts.
It has only awarded one contract, directly negotiated with Saudi utility developer Acwa Power for the Shuaiba 3 seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) project in 2022. This year, it awarded another contract for the Rabigh 4 IWP scheme, in addition to the contract to develop the kingdom’s first independent water transmission pipeline, which connects Rayis and Rabigh.
SWPC is evaluating the bids it received for the contract to develop the Al-Haer independent sewage treatment plant (ISTP), the first of the round-three projects under its ISTP programme, and expects to receive bids in October for the 300,000 cubic-metre-a-day (cm/d) Ras Mohaisen IWP.
The contract to develop the kingdom’s first independent strategic water reservoir (ISWR) project is expected to be awarded this year. The Juranah ISWR has a capacity to store 2.5 million cubic metres of water. The project is anticipated to significantly boost water security, particularly in Mecca and Medina, which host several million pilgrims annually.
EPC works
Despite moves to transfer its assets to the PIF subsidiary, SWCC cemented its reputation as the world’s largest producer of desalinated water when its fleet of 30 desalination plants reached a total combined capacity of 6.6 million cm/d in 2022.
The company is not resting on its past success, having issued successive tenders for SWRO plants using an EPC model over the past 12-18 months.
In July this year, it invited bids for the contract to build a 200,000 cm/d SWRO facility in Ras al-Khair.
This came three months after it received two bids for the contract to build the second phase of the Shuaibah water desalination plant, which has an even higher capacity of 545,000 cm/d.
Around the same time in March, SWCC tendered a contract to construct a greenfield SWRO plant in Yanbu with a design capacity of 500,000 cm/d.
SWPC last awarded a major SWRO contract in mid-2021. The giant 1 million cm/d Jubail SWRO plant is being built by a team of Metito and local firm Saudi Services for Electromechanic Works.
Before this, in late 2019, it awarded a contract to construct a 400,000 cm/d SWRO plant in Shuqaiq to a team of Spain’s Acciona and Al-Rashid Trading & Contracting Company.
SWCC, though WTTCo, has also tendered multiple water transmission projects, including pipelines around Riyadh and connecting Riyadh and Ras al-Khair, Shuqaiq and Jizan and Al-Duwadimi and Atif.
In its 2022 annual report, SWCC stated that it had achieved exceptional results in supporting the Saudi Green Initiative, reducing carbon emissions, increasing operational efficiency to above 99 per cent and saving SR1.6bn ($427m) in operational costs.
The company also “increased local content in its operational efficiency by 61 per cent and demonstrated noteworthy patent accomplishments, innovations, studies and scientific publications”.
Innovation
New tourism-related developments, the expansion of industrial complexes and the need to limit carbon emissions are driving capacity-building and innovation.
The Red Sea development is completing the kingdom’s first private sector multi-utility project, which includes developing and operating a solar photovoltaic power plant, battery energy storage system, water desalination and treatment and waste recycling plants in one contract.
In addition to tendering major water transmission and distribution networks, Neom is also finalising the design for a zero-liquid discharge SWRO plant catering to the development. Enowa, Japan’s Itochu and France’s Veolia are expected to tender the project's EPC package soon.
The proposed state-of-the-art desalination plant will be powered 100 per cent by renewable energy and use advanced membrane technology to produce separate brine streams.
This will enable the production of brine-derived products, which will be developed and monetised downstream. The bigger plan includes establishing a brine processing complex in Oxagon, which could require an investment of between $15bn and $20bn.
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UAE and Turkiye ties deepen
4 July 2025
Commentary
Colin Foreman
EditorRead the July issue of MEED Business Review
The growing trade volumes between the UAE and Turkiye involve a mix of competition and collaboration across various sectors.
One area of competition is aviation. Turkish Airlines has emerged as a major global player over the past 20 years, with its network now covering more countries than any other airline.
Turkiye’s aviation sector entered a new era in 2019 when Istanbul Grand airport opened. The first phase has the capacity to handle 90 million passengers a year, and the plan is for the capacity to reach 200 million once later phases are completed.
The airport’s globally strategic location combined with its large and expandable capacity will give Turkiye’s aviation
sector an edge over its competitors in the Gulf over the next decade as construction starts on major airports, including Dubai and Riyadh.While competition is evident, Turkish Airlines insists there is enough room for it and the Gulf airlines to grow as the centre of gravity for global aviation shifts from west to east.
On a macro level, the UAE and Turkiye are complementary economies
Beyond aviation, the trade relationship encompasses a wide range of sectors, including defence, logistics and construction. Over the past two years, Turkish contractors have secured significant contracts in the UAE. Turkish construction companies are now exporting the experience they have gained on projects in Turkiye to the UAE, as major government- backed infrastructure projects that include airports and railways move into tendering.
At the same time, UAE investments in Turkiye’s energy and financial sectors are growing, with notable examples including Emirates NBD’s investment in DenizBank and International Holding Company’s investment in Kalyon Energy.
These investments show that on a macro level, the UAE and Turkiye are complementary economies, with each holding a different mix of resources, capital and expertise. The strategic location of both countries amplifies the business case for trade even further.
READ THE JULY 2025 MEED BUSINESS REVIEW – click here to view PDF
UAE and Turkiye expand business links; Renewed hope lies on the horizon for trouble-beset Levant region; Gulf real estate momentum continues even as concerns emerge
Distributed to senior decision-makers in the region and around the world, the July 2025 edition of MEED Business Review includes:
> AGENDA: UAE-Turkiye trade gains momentum> INTERVIEW 1: Building on UAE-Turkiye trade> INTERVIEW 2: Turkiye's Kalyon goes global> INTERVIEW 3: Strengthening UAE-Turkiye financial links> INTERVIEW 4: Turkish Airlines plans further growth> CURRENT AFFAIRS: Middle East tensions could reduce gas investments> GCC REAL ESTATE: Gulf real estate faces a more nuanced reality> PROJECTS MARKET: GCC projects market collapses> INTERVIEW 5: Hassan Allam eyes role in Saudi Arabia’s transformation> INTERVIEW 6: Aseer region seeks new investments for Saudi Arabia> LEADERSHIP: Nuclear power makes a global comeback> LEVANT MARKET FOCUS: Levant states wrestle regional pressures> GULF PROJECTS INDEX: Gulf projects index continues climb> CONTRACT AWARDS: Mena contract award activity remains subdued> ECONOMIC DATA: Data drives regional projects> OPINION: A farcical tragedy that no one can endTo see previous issues of MEED Business Review, please click herehttps://image.digitalinsightresearch.in/uploads/NewsArticle/14201376/main.gif -
Building on UAE-Turkiye trade
4 July 2025
This package on UAE-Turkiye relations also includes:
> UAE-Turkiye trade gains momentum
> Turkiye’s Kalyon goes global
> UAE-Turkiye financial links strengthen
> Turkish Airlines plans further growth
The UAE-Turkiye Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (Cepa) that came into effect in September 2023 has already exceeded expectations.
Non-oil trade between the UAE and Turkiye grew by 11.5% in 2024, reaching a total of $40.5bn. This milestone surpasses a target of the Cepa three years earlier than planned. As a result, Turkiye is now the UAE’s fourth-largest non-oil trading partner, rising from seventh place in 2021.
Trade between the UAE and Turkiye is growing strongly, with both countries increasingly viewed as strategic hubs for accessing broader markets.
The growth story builds on already established business links between the two countries.
“UAE-based companies and funds are already very active in Turkiye,” says Burak Daglioglu, president of the investment and finance office of the Presidency of the Republic of Turkiye.
“Firms like DP World and others in private equity and venture capital are playing a key role.”
Strengthening ties
Since the Cepa was signed in 2023, bilateral investment has accelerated, with Turkish companies also expanding into the UAE.
“That’s the mark of a healthy relationship,” he says. “When it’s balanced and bilateral, it’s more sustainable.”
He adds that companies in both countries see the other not just as a market, but as a hub. “UAE firms use Turkiye to access Europe and Central Asia; Turkish firms use the UAE to reach Asia and Africa. This creates a complementary strategy for both sides.”
In the energy sector, the focus is on renewables, with UAE firms eyeing major solar and wind projects in Turkiye. “We have huge potential in renewables, and there are ongoing talks with UAE investors,” says Daglioglu.
In technology, Turkiye is emerging as a regional player in artificial intelligence (AI), financial technology (fintech), and healthcare technology.
“Our infrastructure is increasingly AI-ready,” he says. “We have data centres, renewable power sources and connectivity.
“We also have a robust startup ecosystem, with early-stage funding rising from under $100m a decade ago to over $1bn today.”
Defence is another key area of cooperation. “There are some ongoing projects in the defence sector between Turkiye and the UAE,” Daglioglu says. “It’s better not to name names at this stage, but it’s a promising area.”
Venture capital (VC) is also playing an important role in promoting regional innovation. “Ten years ago, the startup scene was nascent. Now, it’s a cornerstone of our investment strategy. Dubai, as a regional VC hub, has been instrumental.”
To support this growth, Turkiye has developed local VC legislation and attracted international funds, including those from Saudi Arabia, UAE family offices and corporate investors. A joint UAE-Turkiye technology fund worth $300m is also nearing finalisation.
“It’s not just about exits anymore. Turkish startups are scaling regionally and globally, with Dubai often serving as their capital and client gateway.”
Turkiye is also a major industrial hub and, with a population of 85 million, has extensive human resources. “We have the talent, the infrastructure and the resilience,” he says.
“From automotive and mobility to chemicals and energy storage, we are expanding our industrial base.”
We have huge potential in renewables, and there are ongoing talks with UAE investors
Looking ahead
Turkiye’s trade with the UAE and the rest of the GCC could be enhanced even further with the Development Road project, which is a 1,200-kilometre highway and railway linking Iraq’s southern Faw Port to Europe through Turkiye.
“The Development Road will not happen overnight – it’s a long-term, complex undertaking,” Daglioglu says. “But its impact will be global. Reducing shipping lead times between Asia and Europe by up to a week is hugely significant in today’s fast-moving markets.”
Designed to connect the Gulf to Europe through Turkiye, the Development Road includes a high-speed rail network for both cargo and passengers, as well as a parallel motorway.
For Daglioglu, the Development Road corridor offers Turkiye, the UAE and the GCC states another platform for economic diversification.
“This is more than a transport project, it’s a regional realignment,” he says.
“It will unlock a flow of goods, people, capital and data. Fibre infrastructure can run alongside the rail and motorway, creating a dual-purpose corridor that will support our AI and digital economy ambitions.”
Historically, Turkiye has been well integrated with northern markets in Europe. Due to years of conflict in Iraq and Syria, however, its southern connectivity has lagged.
The Development Road, along with recent discussions to reopen direct links with Syria, offers opportunities for southern expansion.
“We have invested heavily in northern logistics. Now, it’s time to strengthen our southern corridor,” Daglioglu says. “The Development Road could finally make direct access to the GCC markets a reality.”
The corridor could also open up new avenues for digital infrastructure, such as subsea cables and terrestrial fibre,
further linking the region’s digital economies.“This could be the basis for a digital Silk Road, supporting everything from AI to fintech.”
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Firms submit Diriyahâs Radisson Red superblock prequalifications
4 July 2025
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Saudi gigaproject developer Diriyah Company has received prequalification statements from firms interested in constructing the upcoming Radisson Red superblock in the second phase of the Diriyah Gate development (DG2).
The prequalification notice was issued on 11 June, and submissions were made on 22 June.
The Radisson Red superblock consists of a hotel, residential apartments, retail facilities, commercial office spaces and a park.
The project is situated in the Boulevard East district, between King Khalid Road and the Grand Boulevard in Diriyah.
The project is the latest in a series of other superblocks that are expected to be floated to the market this year, including the Waldorf Astoria superblock, Edition superblock and Pendry superblock.
Diriyah tendered a contract in April to build the new iconic museum in the DG2 area.
The same month, MEED exclusively reported that the client had awarded an estimated SR4bn ($1.1bn) contract for a utilities relocation package for the King Saud University (KSU) project located in DG2.
The contract was awarded to the joint venture of Beijing-headquartered China Railway Construction Corporation and China Railway Construction Group Central Plain Construction Company.
Also in April, MEED reported that the company had awarded an estimated SR5bn ($1.3bn) construction deal to build the Royal Diriyah Opera House.
The contract was awarded to a joint venture of local firm El-Seif Engineering & Contracting, Beijing-headquartered China State Construction Engineering Corporation and Qatari firm Midmac Contracting.
Tendering activity is also progressing on several other major schemes at Diriyah, including the King Khalid Road project, which passes through the development. The client received bids from firms in the second week of April for the main construction works on this project.
The client is also expected to finalise the contract award shortly for the Arena Block assets in the Boulevard Southwest section in the DG2 area.
Diriyah gigaproject
The Diriyah masterplan envisages the city as a cultural and lifestyle tourism destination. Located northwest of Riyadh’s city centre, it will cover 14 square kilometres and combine 300 years of history, culture and heritage with hospitality facilities.
The company awarded several significant contracts last year, including three contracts worth over SR21bn ($5.5bn). These included an estimated $2bn contract awarded to a joint venture of El-Seif Engineering & Contracting and China State to build the North Cultural District.
In July last year, Diriyah also awarded a $2.1bn package to a joint venture of local contractor Albawani and Qatar’s Urbacon to construct assets in the Wadi Safar district of the gigaproject.
Then in December, Diriyah Company awarded an estimated SR5.8bn ($1.5bn) contract to local firm Nesma & Partners for its Jabal Al-Qurain Avenue cultural district, located in the northern district of the Diriyah Gate project.
Once complete, Diriyah will have the capacity to accommodate 100,000 residents and visitors.
READ THE JULY 2025 MEED BUSINESS REVIEW – click here to view PDF
UAE and Turkiye expand business links; Renewed hope lies on the horizon for trouble-beset Levant region; Gulf real estate momentum continues even as concerns emerge
Distributed to senior decision-makers in the region and around the world, the July 2025 edition of MEED Business Review includes:
> AGENDA: UAE-Turkiye trade gains momentum> INTERVIEW 1: Building on UAE-Turkiye trade> INTERVIEW 2: Turkiye’s Kalyon goes global> INTERVIEW 3: Strengthening UAE-Turkiye financial links> INTERVIEW 4: Turkish Airlines plans further growth> CURRENT AFFAIRS: Middle East tensions could reduce gas investments> GCC REAL ESTATE: Gulf real estate faces a more nuanced reality> PROJECTS MARKET: GCC projects market collapses> INTERVIEW 5: Hassan Allam eyes role in Saudi Arabia’s transformation> INTERVIEW 6: Aseer region seeks new investments for Saudi Arabia> LEADERSHIP: Nuclear power makes a global comeback> LEVANT MARKET FOCUS: Levant states wrestle regional pressures> GULF PROJECTS INDEX: Gulf projects index continues climb> CONTRACT AWARDS: Mena contract award activity remains subdued> ECONOMIC DATA: Data drives regional projects> OPINION: A farcical tragedy that no one can endTo see previous issues of MEED Business Review, please click herehttps://image.digitalinsightresearch.in/uploads/NewsArticle/14200629/main.jpg -
Court rules against Petrofac restructuring plans
4 July 2025
An appeals court in the UK has upheld an appeal against Petrofac’s restructuring plans, increasing uncertainty about the UK-based engineering company’s future.
The appeal was brought by Italy’s Saipem and South Korea’s Samsung E&A.
The ruling against the restructuring plans comes less than two months after Petrofac received formal approval from the High Court of England & Wales to implement its restructuring plan.
Petrofac previously said that its restructuring plan would unlock $355m in new funding for its operations.
Petrofac said on 1 July that the appeal was upheld “on narrow grounds associated with the terms of the 'new money' financing and the evidence provided in support of it”, that had previously been accepted by the High Court.
The company said that all other grounds of appeal were unsuccessful.
It added that it was “carefully studying” the detailed judgment and would discuss with key stakeholders its implications and potential routes forward.
The company’s shares were suspended from trading on the UK stock exchange at the end of April due to Petrofac’s failure to publish its 2024 financial results on time.
Wood Group, another UK-based engineering company that is active in the Middle East and North Africa region, also saw its shares suspended on the same day, for the same reason.
In January this year, Petrofac announced that it had reached a binding agreement with its creditors.
Petrofac has been struggling with financial problems since its share price collapsed in December 2023.
READ THE JULY 2025 MEED BUSINESS REVIEW – click here to view PDF
UAE and Turkiye expand business links; Renewed hope lies on the horizon for trouble-beset Levant region; Gulf real estate momentum continues even as concerns emerge
Distributed to senior decision-makers in the region and around the world, the July 2025 edition of MEED Business Review includes:
> AGENDA: UAE-Turkiye trade gains momentum> INTERVIEW 1: Building on UAE-Turkiye trade> INTERVIEW 2: Turkiye's Kalyon goes global> INTERVIEW 3: Strengthening UAE-Turkiye financial links> INTERVIEW 4: Turkish Airlines plans further growth> CURRENT AFFAIRS: Middle East tensions could reduce gas investments> GCC REAL ESTATE: Gulf real estate faces a more nuanced reality> PROJECTS MARKET: GCC projects market collapses> INTERVIEW 5: Hassan Allam eyes role in Saudi Arabia’s transformation> INTERVIEW 6: Aseer region seeks new investments for Saudi Arabia> LEADERSHIP: Nuclear power makes a global comeback> LEVANT MARKET FOCUS: Levant states wrestle regional pressures> GULF PROJECTS INDEX: Gulf projects index continues climb> CONTRACT AWARDS: Mena contract award activity remains subdued> ECONOMIC DATA: Data drives regional projects> OPINION: A farcical tragedy that no one can endTo see previous issues of MEED Business Review, please click herehttps://image.digitalinsightresearch.in/uploads/NewsArticle/14200679/main.jpg -
King Salman airport sets July deadline for fourth runway bids
4 July 2025
King Salman International Airport Development Company (KSIADC) has allowed firms until 8 July to bid for the design-and-build of the fourth runway at King Salman International airport (KSIA) in Riyadh.
The tender was floated on 17 April. The previous bid submission deadline was 17 June.
It is understood that the third and fourth runways will add to the two existing runways at Riyadh’s King Khalid International airport, which will eventually become part of KSIA.
KSIADC, which is backed by Saudi Arabia’s Public Investment Fund, prequalified firms in September last year for the main engineering, procurement and construction packages; early and enabling works; specialist systems and integration; specialist systems, materials and equipment; engineering and design; professional services; health, safety, security, environment and wellbeing services; modular installation and prefabrication; local content; and environmental, social and governance and other services.
The entire scheme is divided into eight assets. These are:
- Iconic Terminal
- Terminal 6
- Private aviation terminal
- Central runway and temporary apron
- Hangars
- Landside transport
- Cargo buildings
- Real estate
In August last year, KSIADC confirmed it had signed up several architectural and design firms for the various elements of the project.
UK-based Foster+Partners will design the airport’s masterplan, including the terminals, six runways and a multi-asset real estate area.
US-based engineering firm Jacobs will provide specialist consultancy services for the masterplan and the design of the new runways.
UK-based engineering firm Mace was appointed as the project’s delivery partner, and local firm Nera was awarded the airspace design consultancy contract.
Project scale
The project covers an area of about 57 square kilometres (sq km), allowing for six parallel runways, and will include the existing terminals at King Khalid International airport. It will also include 12 sq km of airport support facilities, residential and recreational facilities, retail outlets and other logistics real estate.
If the project is completed on time in 2030, it will become the world’s largest operating airport in terms of passenger capacity, according to UK analytics firm GlobalData.
The airport aims to accommodate up to 120 million passengers by 2030 and 185 million by 2050. The goal for cargo is to process 3.5 million tonnes a year by 2050.
Saudi Arabia plans to invest $100bn in its aviation sector. Riyadh’s Saudi Aviation Strategy, announced by the General Authority of Civil Aviation (Gaca), aims to triple Saudi Arabia’s annual passenger traffic to 330 million travellers by 2030.
It also aims to increase air cargo traffic to 4.5 million tonnes and raise the country’s total air connections to more than 250 destinations.
READ THE JULY 2025 MEED BUSINESS REVIEW – click here to view PDF
UAE and Turkiye expand business links; Renewed hope lies on the horizon for trouble-beset Levant region; Gulf real estate momentum continues even as concerns emerge
Distributed to senior decision-makers in the region and around the world, the July 2025 edition of MEED Business Review includes:
> AGENDA: UAE-Turkiye trade gains momentum> INTERVIEW 1: Building on UAE-Turkiye trade> INTERVIEW 2: Turkiye's Kalyon goes global> INTERVIEW 3: Strengthening UAE-Turkiye financial links> INTERVIEW 4: Turkish Airlines plans further growth> CURRENT AFFAIRS: Middle East tensions could reduce gas investments> GCC REAL ESTATE: Gulf real estate faces a more nuanced reality> PROJECTS MARKET: GCC projects market collapses> INTERVIEW 5: Hassan Allam eyes role in Saudi Arabia’s transformation> INTERVIEW 6: Aseer region seeks new investments for Saudi Arabia> LEADERSHIP: Nuclear power makes a global comeback> LEVANT MARKET FOCUS: Levant states wrestle regional pressures> GULF PROJECTS INDEX: Gulf projects index continues climb> CONTRACT AWARDS: Mena contract award activity remains subdued> ECONOMIC DATA: Data drives regional projects> OPINION: A farcical tragedy that no one can endTo see previous issues of MEED Business Review, please click herehttps://image.digitalinsightresearch.in/uploads/NewsArticle/14200608/main.jpg