meed-logo

line1 line2 line3
SIGN IN / REGISTER

Jordan’s oil and gas sector battles sluggish phase

6 June 2023

This package on Jordan’s oil and gas sector also includes:

> Jordanian and Turkish firms to build phosphoric acid plant
> Jordan selects refinery expansion winner
> Contractors await official award for Jordan refinery project
> Construction starts for phosphates plant in Jordan

 

Vital oil and gas projects in Jordan are witnessing little to no progress without the robust project finance structure needed to help the sector’s growth. 

Jordan imports more than 90 per cent of its oil, gas and refined product requirements and therefore has a strong economic case for developing hydrocarbon infrastructure projects.

However, despite the government being willing to push through projects deemed essential for reducing reliance on energy imports, the lack of project financing options and inability to attract foreign investments into the energy industry has led to these projects stalling.

Delays to the fourth expansion phase of the Zarqa refinery complex, Jordan’s only oil refining asset, are a prime example of the sluggish environment in Jordan’s oil and gas sector.

Zarqa refinery expansion

Located in Zarqa governorate, roughly 35 kilometres east of the Jordanian capital Amman, the refinery has a capacity of 60,000 barrels a day (b/d).

The refinery’s first expansion project was completed in 1970, when capacity was boosted to 2,100 tonnes a day. The second expansion was completed in 1973, and the third in 1982, when the refinery’s production was increased to 8,700 tonnes a day.

Jordan Petroleum Refinery Company (JPRC) aims to increase Zarqa’s refining potential by two and a half times to 150,000 b/d. The expansion is also planned to allow the Zarqa refinery to upgrade residual fuel oil into lighter products, in accordance with Euro 5 emission standards, to reduce reliance on imports.

JPRC has been working to double the Zarqa refinery’s production capacity since 2017, but the project has experienced several start-stops.

JPRC signed two separate agreements in April 2017 with the US’ Honeywell UOP and KBR to facilitate the expansion project.

Under the terms of the agreement, Honeywell UOP was to provide manager licensor services, technology licensing, front-end engineering and design (feed) consultancy services and basic engineering designs, as well as catalysts and process equipment, training and start-up services.

KBR was to license its proprietary slurry-phase hydrocracking technology for the project. KBR’s scope of work increased in November 2017 when it signed another agreement with JPRC for the basic engineering design of a residue hydroprocessor to be installed as part of the expansion.

In October 2017, Spain’s Tecnicas Reunidas was appointed feed consultant for the project. Feed work resumed in July 2018 after a temporary suspension, with KBR selected as the new process technology licensor. France-based Technip Energies is the project management consultant.

Prevailing situation

The prospects for the Zarqa refinery’s fourth expansion brightened recently when JPRC was reported to have selected contractors to execute engineering, procurement and construction (EPC) works on the project.

JPRC’s CEO, Abdul Karim al-Alawin, told Jordan’s Arabic-language newspaper Alghad that the state-owned refiner had awarded the project’s main contract, but stopped short of revealing the winner.

MEED learned through sources that JPRC had selected a consortium of Italian contractor Tecnimont and China’s Sinopec Engineering to execute EPC works on the expansion project. According to the sources, JPRC issued a notification in “early May” to all bidders competing for the project, informing them of the selection of Tecnimont/Sinopec Engineering for the project’s main contract.

However, the official EPC contract is yet to be awarded as JPRC continues to secure funding from international credit agencies and other lenders for the project, which is estimated to cost $2.64bn, according to Al-Alawin.

“There is no definite date for this. We are still in the negotiation process for funding. We cannot decide when these negotiations are completed,” the CEO told Alghad.

Oil shale resources

To offset high energy import costs, Jordan is focusing on developing its oil shale resources. The country possesses the fourth-largest reserves of the mineral deposit globally, behind the US, China and Russia, with an estimated 90-100 billion barrels of oil in its shale deposits.

The kingdom has achieved some measure of success in its oil shale development efforts in the past. In June 2021, the first 235MW power generation unit of Jordan’s $2.2bn oil shale independent power producer (IPP) project was connected to the national electricity grid.

Also in 2021, Amman was reportedly planning to launch a hydrocarbon exploration licensing round for nine concession areas across the country – an exercise yet to occur. The proposed licensing round would have focused on the Al-Azraq, Jafr, West Safawi, Sirhan, Sirhan Development, Dead Sea, Northern highlands, Petra and Rum concession areas.

Progress has been made on a project to exploit oil shale reserves in the Isfir-Jafr area, which measures 380 square kilometres and is located approximately 200km south of Amman.

Canada’s Questerre Energy Corporation signed a memorandum of understanding (MoU) with Jordan’s Ministry of Energy & Mineral Resources in 2015 to appraise and develop oil shale in the Isfir-Jafr acreage. According to the latest information gathered by MEED Projects, the partners are preparing the main tender for the project.

Separately, in January this year, the ministry signed another MoU with Al-Majarrah Company for Shale Oil & Natural Resources to extract oil shale in Jordan’s Al-Lajoun area, which spans 15 sq km. Al-Majarrah is said to have begun a feasibility study for the project.

MEED's July 2023 report on Jordan also includes:

> POWER & WATER: Jordan sustains utility infrastructure progress
> CONSTRUCTION: Hospital boost for Jordan construction

https://image.digitalinsightresearch.in/uploads/NewsArticle/10913941/main.jpg
Indrajit Sen

Register for MEED's guest program now to access this article.

Click here to register
Exclusive from Meed
Related Articles
  • Parsons wins role on Elon Musk-backed Dubai Loop project

    4 May 2026

    US-based Parsons Corporation has been appointed to deliver programme management services for the Dubai Loop transportation system.

    The contract was awarded by Elon Musk-backed firm The Boring Company, which signed a construction agreement with Dubai’s Roads & Transport Authority (RTA) in February.

    Parsons’ scope of work includes independent design verification, stakeholder management, permitting and no-objection certificate (NOC) support, and multidisciplinary design reviews for the project’s first phase.

    The first phase comprises a 6.4-kilometre route with four stations, linking the Dubai International Financial Centre (DIFC) and Dubai Mall.

    Stations will be located at DIFC 2, ICD Brookfield Place, Dubai Mall Zabeel Parking and Burj Khalifa.

    The first phase is expected to cost about AED565m ($154m) and to be delivered within one year after design work and other preparations are completed. Tunnelling is expected to begin in the second half of this year.

    Next phase

    The second phase will connect Dubai World Trade Centre and DIFC with Business Bay.

    The tunnels will extend up to 22km and include 19 stations.

    The total cost across both phases is expected to be around AED2bn ($545m), with completion scheduled within three years.

    The pilot route is expected to serve around 13,000 passengers a day, while the full route is projected to have a capacity of about 30,000 passengers a day.

    The RTA and The Boring Company signed a memorandum of understanding on the sidelines of the World Governments Summit in Dubai in February last year to explore the development of the Dubai Loop transportation system.

    The Dubai Loop is expected to be similar to The Boring Company’s Las Vegas Convention Centre (LVCC) Loop project. The LVCC Loop is a 2.7km underground tunnel system that connects different convention centre halls, reducing walking time across the site to about two minutes.

    The LVCC Loop has been in operation since 2021. It uses Tesla Model 3 cars to carry passengers between five stations. The Boring Company began construction in November 2019 at an estimated cost of $49m.

    https://image.digitalinsightresearch.in/uploads/NewsArticle/16672074/main.jpg
    Yasir Iqbal
  • Humain tenders infrastructure for 6GW data centre campus

    4 May 2026

    Saudi artificial intelligence (AI) infrastructure company Humain, owned by the Public Investment Fund (PIF), has issued a tender inviting firms to develop infrastructure for its planned 6GW hyperscale AI data centre campus in Riyadh.

    The project will be delivered on an early contractor involvement (ECI) basis. Under the ECI process, selected contractors are required to submit methodologies and design proposals, after which one team will be selected to deliver the construction works.

    Firms have until 8 May to submit proposals.

    The development will be built on a 24-square-kilometre site in the Al-Saad area in east Riyadh. It will be delivered in two phases across six plots, each with a capacity of 1GW.

    The scope of infrastructure work covers:

    • Construction of 380kV/132kV/33kV electrical distribution network, two substations with a capacity of 500MVA and 200MVA, bulk supply point (2,000MVA)
    • Water network and fire protection systems
    • Sewage treatment plant and wastewater network
    • Stormwater systems
    • Roads
    • Underground cable and fibre optic networks
    • Landscaping works

    The client is being supported by Canadian engineering firm Hatch, France’s Egis and US-based firm JLL.

    Humain was launched in May last year to operate and invest across the AI value chain.

    Humain is building full-stack AI capabilities across four core areas: next-generation data centres, hyper-performance infrastructure and cloud platforms, and advanced AI models, including Allam.

    Also in May 2025, Humain signed preliminary deals with US chipmakers AMD and Nvidia to build multibillion-dollar advanced digital infrastructure in the kingdom.

    AMD said it will invest up to $10bn to deploy 500MW of AI compute capacity in Saudi Arabia over the next five years.

    In October, PIF and Saudi Aramco signed a non-binding term sheet setting out key terms under which Aramco would acquire a minority stake in Humain, with PIF retaining majority ownership.

    https://image.digitalinsightresearch.in/uploads/NewsArticle/16671267/main.jpg
    Yasir Iqbal
  • Abu Dhabi selects consortium for 2.5GW Taweelah C IPP

    4 May 2026

     

    Register for MEED’s 14-day trial access 

    A consortium of Al-Jomaih Energy & Water Company (Saudi Arabia) and Sembcorp Industries (Singapore) has been selected to develop the Taweelah C independent power producer (IPP) project in Abu Dhabi.

    The consortium will sign a power purchase agreement (PPA) in mid-May, a source told MEED.

    The combined-cycle gas turbine (CCGT) plant will have a capacity of 2.5GW. It will be located at the Al-Taweelah power and desalination complex, about 50 kilometres northeast of Abu Dhabi city.

    It is understood that China Energy Engineering Corporation (CEEC) will be the engineering, procurement and construction (EPC) contractor.

    Last September, MEED reported that state offtaker Emirates Water & Electricity Company (Ewec) had received three bids for the facility.

    The bidders included:

    • Al-Jomaih Energy & Water Company / Sembcorp Industries
    • Sumitomo Corporation (Japan) / Korea Overseas Infrastructure & Urban Development Corporation / Korean Midland Power
    • Korea Western Power Company / Etihad Water & Electricity (UAE) / Kyuden International (Japan)

    At the time, Mohamed Al-Marzooqi, chief asset development and management officer at Ewec, said the bids would make Taweelah C “one of the lowest tariff CCGT projects in the region”.

    The carbon-capture-ready facility had been scheduled to begin commercial operations in the fourth quarter of 2028.

    This was based on the initial timeline for a PPA to be signed in the fourth quarter of 2025.

    Taweelah C is part of Ewec’s wider programme to support the UAE’s Net Zero by 2050 Strategic Initiative and the Abu Dhabi Department of Energy’s Clean Energy Strategic Target 2035.

    Ewec plans to raise solar power capacity to 18GW and wind capacity to 2.6GW by 2035, while reducing the carbon intensity of its power generation by more than half compared to 2019.

    Ewec is also expanding its low-carbon water desalination capacity, with the Taweelah reverse osmosis (RO) plant already operating as the world’s largest RO facility and additional projects, such as the Mirfa 2 RO and Shuweihat 4 RO, under way.

    By 2030, it expects 95% of Abu Dhabi’s installed water capacity to come from RO technology.

    https://image.digitalinsightresearch.in/uploads/NewsArticle/16670622/main0858.jpg
    Mark Dowdall
  • Dubai launches Blue Line metro tunnelling works

    4 May 2026

    Dubai has announced the launch of tunnelling works for the Dubai Metro Blue Line extension project.

    In a post on X, Sheikh Mohammed Bin Rashid Al-Maktoum, UAE Vice President, Prime Minister and Ruler of Dubai, announced the start of operations of the tunnel boring machine (TBM), which the Roads & Transport Authority (RTA) has named ‘Al-Wugeisha’.

    The TBM is 163 metres long, weighs more than 2,000 tonnes and will operate around the clock. The post added that its average excavation rate ranges from 13 to 17 metres a day.

    The Blue Line will connect the existing Red and Green lines. It will be 30 kilometres (km) long, with 15.5km underground and 14.5km above ground.

    The line will have 14 stations, seven of which will be elevated. There will be five underground stations, including one interchange station, and two elevated transfer stations connected to the existing Centrepoint and Creek stations.

    In December 2024, the RTA awarded a AED20.5bn ($5.5bn) main contract for the construction of the project to a consortium comprising Turkiye’s Limak Holding and Mapa Group, along with the Hong Kong office of China Railway Rolling Stock Corporation (CRRC).

    The consortium is responsible for all civil works, electromechanical works, rolling stock and rail systems. After completing the project, it will assist with maintenance and operations for an initial three-year period.

    According to an official statement, the Blue Line will have a capacity of 46,000 passengers an hour in both directions.

    The project is scheduled for completion in September 2029.

    https://image.digitalinsightresearch.in/uploads/NewsArticle/16670584/main.jpeg
    Yasir Iqbal
  • Firms submit Jeddah distribution centre bids

    4 May 2026

     

    Contractors submitted bids on 26 April for an estimated SR140m ($37m) contract to build a distribution centre in Jeddah.

    Saudi Logistics Services Company (SAL) launched the tender on 11 March, as previously reported by MEED. The project will cover an area of about 37,000 square metres. Egyptian firm Cosmos-E Engineers & Consultants has been appointed as the project consultant.

    This tender follows the start of construction by Egyptian contractor Rowad Modern Engineering, a subsidiary of Elsewedy Electric Group, on the expansion of SAL’s facilities at King Khalid International airport in Riyadh. The scope of work includes rehabilitating and upgrading existing infrastructure, as well as constructing new supporting facilities and services.

    SAL also launched the tendering process in September last year for its SR4.2bn ($1bn) logistics zone in northern Riyadh, MEED previously reported. UAE-based Global Engineering Consultants is the consultant for that development.

    The logistics hub aims to meet demand for customised warehouses near King Khalid International airport and the Riyadh Metro. The project aligns with Vision 2030 and the National Transport & Logistics Strategy, which aims to strengthen the kingdom’s logistics sector and enhance Saudi Arabia’s position as a global logistics hub.

    https://image.digitalinsightresearch.in/uploads/NewsArticle/16670338/main.gif
    Yasir Iqbal