meed-logo

line1 line2 line3
SIGN IN / REGISTER

Region plans vital big grid connections

29 May 2023

 

The mantra “there will be no transition without transmission” dominated this year’s World Utility Congress, which was organised by Abu Dhabi National Energy Company (Taqa) and held in the UAE capital on 8-10 May.

“There will be no transition without interconnectivity with our neighbours. If we are not interconnected, we are not using the full capacity of our [electricity] network,” UAE Energy and Infrastructure Minister Suhail bin Mohamed al-Mazrouei said at the congress.

For the GCC states in particular, their ability to procure affordable and large-scale solar energy capacity, and the wide discrepancy in peak demands between the winter and summer months, which often results in substantial idle capacity, make it imperative to connect to other states or regions.

“Links to other GCC states and Central Asia will enable our electricity system to run more efficiently. Some have access to wind, others to solar or hydropower. We also have different peak hours,” Al-Mazrouei said. “We need to consider [these opportunities] and make the investments.”

Boosting transmission

In recent years, there has been a flurry of projects to build or enhance electricity transmission links within the GCC states, as well as with neighbouring countries such as Iraq and Jordan.

Contracts were awarded this year for the construction of overhead transmission lines connecting the GCC grid to Iraq via Kuwait, as well as a link between Iraq and Jordan.

Other projects in the early stages include a second connection between Saudi Arabia and Iraq, Saudi Arabia and the UAE, and the UAE and Oman.

Beyond the GCC, a $1.8bn electricity link between Saudi Arabia and Egypt is under construction. The project will facilitate the exchange of 3,000MW of electricity between the two countries through overhead transmission lines as well as high-voltage, direct current (HVDC) subsea cables.

The most ambitious plans include projects that will pipe electricity from Egypt, Tunisia and Morocco to European countries including Greece, Italy and the UK.

Some have access to wind, others to solar or hydropower. We also have different peak hours … we need to consider [these opportunities] and make the investments
UAE Energy and Infrastructure Minister Suhail bin Mohamed al-Mazrouie 

Shifting peaks

Energy security has spurred investments to interconnect electricity grids between national borders and time zones. The pace of development is reminiscent of the advent of data interconnectivity two decades earlier.

Grid interconnections are also critical for the integration and optimisation of renewable energy, according to Jessica Obeid, a partner at New Energy Consult.

“Grid interconnections enable efficient management and mitigations of stability challenges linked to the integration of variable renewable energy such as wind and solar into the grid,” she says.

These interconnections enable the deployment of renewable energy where land is vast and resources are abundant, to be dispatched in energy load centres.

More importantly, they reduce the curtailment of renewable energy systems through electricity exchange, balancing supply and demand at various periods.

UK startup Xlinks aims to connect Morocco to the UK via four HVDC subsea cables stretching 3,800 kilometres across the Atlantic. “Long distance interconnectors solve the intermittency of renewables as the sun is always shining or wind is always blowing elsewhere,” says Simon Morrish, Xlinks’ CEO. 

“The idea is to generate clean energy and then move it to meet demand, which is much more economic than relying solely on domestic capacity.”

Xlinks aims to generate 10.5GW through solar and wind farms in Guelmin Oued Noun and pipe about 40 per cent of that energy through subsea cables that will have to pass through Spain, Portugal and France. The UK will receive 3.6GW of clean, affordable energy – equivalent to 8 per cent of its electricity needs – by 2030.

Soaring data demand drives boom

Desertec’s long shadow

The scale of Xlinks’ ambition draws comparison with an earlier project, the Desertec Industrial Initiative (Dii), which launched in 2009, but ironically has yet to see the light of day.

Dii had planned to build renewable energy plants globally, including in Morocco, and supply up to 15 per cent of Europe’s power demand by 2050.

Xlinks’ proponents expect to succeed where Desertec failed, however. “Generation costs are more than 90 per cent lower than they were then, which makes the project economically – as well as politically – attractive,” Morrish says.

Xlinks’ point-to-point design with an exclusive energy supply for the UK is expected to eliminate challenges associated with trying to use third-party transmission networks.

Although the technologies are all mature, Morrish says iterations have led to a much lower levelised cost of transmission over these distances. There is also more expertise for the HVDC system beyond the original equipment manufacturers.

Average electricity prices in Europe have increased significantly over the past 10 years and power delivered from the Middle East and North Africa (Mena) region is competitive with other reliable low-carbon solutions, according to Morrish.

The existence of clear renewable targets in Europe could also benefit Xlinks’ project, as well as similar schemes, such as the EuroAfrica Interconnector, which aims to link Egypt to Cyprus and Greece, and the Elmed Mediterranean project that links Tunisia to Italy.

Morocco’s renewable energy leadership, which includes having implemented legislation designed to facilitate the export of renewable energy, is another positive factor.

“Previous projects have typically focused on the recipient jurisdiction, such as Europe, rather than understanding the drivers for the generation country,” says Morrish. “By focusing on the benefits to the Mena region, in this case Morocco, Xlinks has obtained support from both Morocco and the UK.”

The 13-year gap between Desertec and Xlinks has not necessarily changed the mindset of some industry players, who are just beginning to grasp the complexities involved in other decarbonisation technologies such as green hydrogen and carbon capture and storage.

“It is an excellent concept, but it will be exceptionally difficult, if not impossible, to execute given the high demand for HVDC cables, financing and political considerations,” says a Dubai-based contractor.

Unlike the more reasonably- structured interconnections between the GCC or Mena states, the scale and scope of Xlinks’ scheme and other similar projects will require export credit and multilateral development agency support in combination with project finance debt. Experts say this is critical, but not entirely unprecedented.

For instance, Taqa’s decision to contribute $31m in the startup’s early funding round, which also includes $6.2m from UK-headquartered Octopus Energy, appears to signify investor appetite for the project. The scheme is expected to boost foreign direct investment and create thousands of jobs in Morocco during its construction phase.

Electricity demand is increasing at alarming rates, in direct relation to the impact of climate change and the increases in temperatures, cooling and water demand, which reduces the available supply for exports
Jessica Obeid, New Energy Consult

Political undertones

In December 2022, Saudi Investment Minister Khalid al-Falih said the kingdom is keen to join an agreement between four countries to export clean electricity from Azerbaijan to Europe.

He was referring to an accord signed by Azerbaijan, Georgia, Romania and Hungary to build an undersea cable in the Black Sea transmitting energy from Caspian Sea wind farms to Europe.

The agreement involves a 1,100-kilometre, 1GW cable running from Azerbaijan to Romania. It is part of broader EU efforts to diversify energy resources away from Russia amid the Ukraine war.

This provides an alternative to Saudi Arabia’s grid expansion plans, and to the Saudi-Egypt link, as Egypt itself is involved in negotiations to link its electricity grid to Italy, Cyprus and Greece.

Beyond financing, there are other challenges for both intra-Mena and intercontinental grid connections.

An efficient electricity exchange market is necessary, notes Obeid. Another key issue is the unsustainable increase in demand in Mena states. 

Figure1: Saudi-Egypt interconnector route

“Electricity demand is rising alarmingly, in direct relation to the impact of climate change and the increases in temperatures, cooling and water demand, which reduces the available supply for exports,” she says.

Plans to interconnect with Iraq, which has been heavily reliant on Iran for energy imports, can also be tricky. “The incentive is mostly political. Many countries have expressed interest in connecting their grids to Iraq’s, but none of these projects have yet materialised,” says Obeid.

“Linking Iraq to the Saudi grid is bound to be more viable and cheaper for Iraq compared to alternative options such as electricity exports from Jordan. But that is pending a political decision and would get Saudi Arabia and the GCC political and economic influence in Iraq.” 

https://image.digitalinsightresearch.in/uploads/NewsArticle/10842129/main.gif
Jennifer Aguinaldo

Register for MEED's guest program now to access this article.

Click here to register
Exclusive from Meed
Related Articles
  • Contractor wins $197m Doha infrastructure works

    6 November 2026

     

    Register for MEED’s 14-day trial access 

    Qatar’s Public Works Authority (Ashghal) has awarded an estimated QR722m ($197m) contract to develop roads and infrastructure north of Al-Rifaa Street in Doha.

    The contract was awarded to local firm Tadmur Contracting Company.

    Six other contractors submitted bids: 

    • Qatar Trading & Contracting Group ($244m)
    • Iris Construction Tourism Industry & Trade ($259m)
    • Lotus Trading & Contracting ($260m)
    • Generic Engineering Technologies & Contracting ($261m)
    • Alghanim International / National Industrial Contracting ($268m)
    • Hamad Bin Khalid Contracting Company ($281m)

    The scope of work covers the construction of more than 34 kilometres of roads, dedicated plot developments, site clearance, backfill and earthworks.

    The package also requires the installation of surface and groundwater drainage systems, a foul-water drainage network and treated sewage effluent lines.

    In addition, the contractor will deliver a dedicated pumping station, an emergency flood area pond, 3,735 car parking spaces, road cross-sectional elements and verge parking bays.

    Secondary infrastructure works include electrical distribution, water mains, utility lines, manholes, gully pots and house connections, along with kerbing, road pavement works, landscaping, street lighting, road markings and directional signage.

    https://image.digitalinsightresearch.in/uploads/NewsArticle/21204827/main.jpg
    Yasir Iqbal
  • Stakeholders aim to sign Iraq pipeline deal by year end

    6 November 2026

     

    Stakeholders expect a key contract to be signed before the end of the year for the development of a major oil export pipeline network in Iraq, according to industry sources.

    Iraq and Syria’s governments, state-owned oil companies and a consortium led by Qatar’s UCC are currently discussing the terms.

    If all parties agree to the proposed deal, the UCC-led coalition will become the selected developer responsible for tendering engineering, procurement and construction (EPC) contracts for the project.

    The consortium includes US-based Chevron, the investment company TI Capital and France’s TotalEnergies.

    The proposed plan will use a fast-track framework to bring the pipelines online as quickly as possible.

    One source said: “The plan that is being discussed is highly unusual, because it is such a large-scale pipeline project and it would be brought online in a relatively short timeframe.”

    A team from UCC is currently in Iraq for meetings with government officials to discuss the project, one source said.

    The project will be focused on four pipeline packages:

    • Basra to Najaf
    • Najaf to Haditha
    • Haditha to Fish Khapour
    • Haditha to Banias Port in Syria

    In July, Iraq’s cabinet approved state-owned Basra Oil Company signing a ​heads of agreement and a non-disclosure agreement with the UCC-led consortium to explore possible future oil pipeline projects.

    Under the terms of the agreement, the consortium is preparing technical and financial feasibility studies for strategic export pipeline projects.

    Also in July, US-based KBR was awarded a consultancy contract for the section of pipeline due to extend from Basra to Haditha.

    In April, Iraq announced the allocation of $1.5bn for the Basra-Haditha route, while the larger scheme is estimated at around $5bn.

    https://image.digitalinsightresearch.in/uploads/NewsArticle/21181262/main.jpg
    Wil Crisp
  • Taqa shortlists 17 contractors for Mirfa-Liwa scheme

    6 November 2026

     

    Up to 17 contractors have been invited to submit bids for a major water transmission and distribution scheme serving Mirfa, Madinat Zayed and Liwa in Abu Dhabi, a source close to the project has confirmed to MEED.

    The project, originally estimated to cost $775m, comprises a water transmission system from Mirfa, alongside distribution networks serving farms and settlements in Abu Dhabi’s western region.

    In October, MEED exclusively reported that a request for proposals had been issued, with bids due on 5 January 2027, following an extension from the initial deadline of 11 November 2026.

    The Mirfa-Liwa scheme has been in procurement for several years and was previously tendered in December 2024 as an engineering, procurement and construction scheme, divided between transmission and distribution works.

    As MEED understands, it was recently re-tendered under a design, build and operate model, extending the contractor’s responsibilities to operating the infrastructure after construction.

    According to sources, the full list of contractors invited to bid for the tender includes:

    • Afcons Infrastructure (India)
    • Alkhorayef Water & Power Technologies (Saudi Arabia)
    • China Machinery Engineering Corporation (China)
    • China National Chemical Engineering (China)
    • China Tiesiju Civil Engineering Group (China)
    • Danway Electrical & Mechanical Engineering (UAE)
    • Emarat Aloula Contracting (UAE)
    • FCC Aqualia (Spain)
    • Gulf Contractors Company (UAE)
    • Hydropower Energy & General Construction (UAE)
    • Jereh Oil & Gas Engineering Corporation (China)
    • Mapa (Turkiye)
    • Nesma & Partners Contracting Company (Saudi Arabia)
    • Orascom Construction (Egypt)
    • Power Construction Corporation of China (China)
    • Tecton Engineering & Construction (UAE)
    • Tristar Engineering & Construction (UAE)

    According to details seen by MEED, the scope includes a pumping station at Mirfa with a capacity of 128 million imperial gallons a day, approximately 125 kilometres of transmission pipelines to Muzairah, with branches to Madinat Zayed and Liwa Summit, and storage tanks at the three locations.

    The distribution network is divided into four geographic clusters covering Liwa East, Liwa West, Madinat Zayed and Seih Al-Kheir. The works include associated pipelines, pumping stations and storage facilities.

    https://image.digitalinsightresearch.in/uploads/NewsArticle/21181223/main.jpg
    Mark Dowdall
  • Gulf conflict cuts Emirates Group profit by 66%

    6 November 2026

    Register for MEED’s 14-day trial access 

    Dubai’s Emirates Group made a profit before tax of AED4.1bn ($1.1bn) in the first half of its 2026-27 financial year, 66% less than the AED12.2bn it made in the same period last year.

    The six months to 30 September were the group’s first full half-year since military activity disrupted commercial air traffic across the Gulf on 28 February. Group revenue fell 12% to AED66.2bn ($18bn), from AED75.4bn a year earlier. Profit after tax fell 66% to AED3.6bn ($1bn).

    Earnings before interest, tax, depreciation and amortisation (Ebitda) fell 41% to AED12.5bn ($3.4bn).

    The results follow a record 2025-26 financial year. The group made a profit before tax of AED24.4bn in that year, on revenue of AED150.5bn.

    “It has been a demanding six months, and once again our business model and our people stood up to the test,” said Sheikh Ahmed Bin Saeed Al-Maktoum, chairman and chief executive of Emirates Airline and Group. “Customer demand held firm and our cargo operations made a strong contribution, keeping revenue and cash levels healthy even as global jet fuel prices doubled against the same period last year.”

    Airline performance

    Emirates airline’s profit before tax fell 68% to AED3.7bn ($1bn), compared with AED11.4bn a year earlier. Its revenue fell 13% to AED56.9bn ($15.5bn). The airline carried 21.8 million passengers, 22% fewer than a year earlier. Capacity measured in available seat kilometres fell 17%, and the passenger seat factor dropped to 72% from 79.5%.

    Cargo partly offset the drop in passenger numbers. Emirates SkyCargo carried 1.2 million tonnes, 1% less than a year earlier, but its revenue rose 52%. The conflict reduced the airfreight capacity available on the market, and disruption to shipping pushed shippers towards air transport.

    Before hedging gains, fuel costs rose 60%, even though the airline uplifted 12% less fuel. Gains of AED7.1bn ($1.9bn) from fuel hedging cut the net increase in fuel costs to 13%. Fuel accounted for 34% of operating costs.

    On 30 September, Emirates was operating 91% of its pre-disruption network, serving 150 airports in 78 countries and territories. On 31 March, it had been flying 58% of its passenger capacity to 122 destinations in 65 countries.

    Fleet investment

    The airline received nine Airbus A350s and five Boeing 777 freighters during the period. Its fleet grew to 289 aircraft, from 277 on 31 March. Emirates is continuing its cabin retrofit programme, a planned investment of more than $7bn. It refurbished 12 aircraft in the first half. In May, it broke ground on a $5.1bn engineering and maintenance, repair and overhaul (MRO) facility at Al-Maktoum International airport, which is expected to be completed in the mid-2030s.

    The group’s cash position was AED54.1bn ($14.7bn) on 30 September, down from a record AED59.6bn on 31 March. The group said it had used its reserves to make pre-delivery payments for aircraft and to service existing debt. It also paid the remaining AED2bn of the AED3.5bn dividend declared for 2025-26 to its owner, the Investment Corporation of Dubai.

    Ground services and travel company dnata made a profit before tax of AED410m ($112m), down 51%. Its revenue fell 7% to AED11bn ($3bn), and the group said dnata’s international businesses helped offset weaker traffic in the UAE.

    The group’s workforce fell 2% to 128,237 people.

    “We enter the second half of our 2026-27 financial year with measured optimism,” said Sheikh Ahmed.

    https://image.digitalinsightresearch.in/uploads/NewsArticle/21198114/main.jpg
    Colin Foreman
  • King Salman airport tenders roads and utilities package

    6 November 2026

     

    Register for MEED’s 14-day trial access 

    Saudi Arabia’s King Salman International Airport Development Company (KSIADC) has tendered the Zone C1+C2 roads, bridges and utility networks package for King Salman International airport (KSIA) in Riyadh.

    The tender was issued on 26 October, and bids are due by 6 December.

    The request for proposals covers the procurement, construction, testing and commissioning of civil infrastructure supporting Terminal 6, alongside the existing Terminals 1-5.

    The scope includes upgrades to Airport Road 539, which runs west of Terminals 1-5, and to part of Mohamed Bin Faraj Road 5333, west of Junction 6.

    It also includes new roads, ramps, service roads, and signalised at-grade junctions. An additional access road will connect the Terminal 6 site offices to Road 5333.

    Structures will include the Junction 6 and Terminal 6 bridges, retaining walls and reinforced-soil structures.

    The contractor will also construct the central ground services equipment (GSE) bridge. Before construction begins, the contractor must validate the design, complete any outstanding elements – including mechanically stabilised earth walls, approach slabs, drainage and lighting – and secure the required authority approvals.

    Dry utilities will comprise high- and extra-high-voltage containment, a 13.8kV medium-voltage network with package substations, low-voltage distribution and street lighting, and security-surveillance systems.

    Wet utilities will include potable water, fire water, irrigation water, treated sewage effluent, district cooling and wastewater networks. Wastewater pipes will range from 200mm u-PVC gravity lines to 1,700mm glass-reinforced plastic mains.

    The stormwater network will include channels, culverts, ponds and pipes ranging from 400mm to 1,400mm in diameter. Crossings will be constructed using open-cut excavation, horizontal directional drilling or microtunneling.

    Utilities serving the operational terminals will be diverted on a design-and-build basis. Enabling works will include earthworks and the relocation of the security fence and trees. The contractor will also demolish a temporary car park, existing bridges and a sewage pumping station.

    Optional works comprise two design-and-build elements that will proceed only at the client’s instruction.

    The first is the south GSE bridge. The second is an approximately 1,400-metre, multi-lane access road to the Terminal 6 Transportation Hub, including bridges, underpasses, ramps and tunnels, as well as provisions for future Wadi Loop utilities and structures.

    https://image.digitalinsightresearch.in/uploads/NewsArticle/21176175/main.png
    Yasir Iqbal