UAE construction faces delivery pressures
8 October 2025
Traffic backs up most mornings on the road into Abu Dhabi’s Mussafah Industrial Area, as trucks return after making early-morning deliveries to construction sites in Abu Dhabi and Dubai.
The traffic reflects the record levels of construction activity currently underway in the UAE. It also points to the pressures involved when delivering projects in a market that is starting to overheat.
Record awards
According to regional projects tracker MEED Projects, $53bn-worth of construction contracts were awarded across the UAE in 2024 – up 27% from the $45bn awarded in 2023, which itself broke the long-standing $32bn record set in 2008.
The majority of the awarded work consists of building projects across subsectors such as residential, retail, commercial, hospitality, healthcare and education. Other recorded contracts include earthmoving, dredging and reclamation works.
In terms of regional distribution, Dubai led with $35bn in contract awards in 2024.
Abu Dhabi was the second most active market with $9bn, followed by Ajman with $3.2bn, Sharjah with $2.7bn and Ras Al-Khaimah with $2.2bn. The other emirates, Fujairah and Umm Al-Quwain, did not cross the $1bn mark.
As of 7 October 2025, total awards stood at $24bn, suggesting that the record highs of 2024 are unlikely to be repeated this year.
Once again, Dubai remains the most active market with $18bn in awards, followed by Sharjah with $2.5bn, Abu Dhabi with $1.8bn and Ras Al-Khaimah with $1.7bn. The remaining three emirates, Ajman, Fujairah and Umm Al-Quwain, had not awarded more than $1bn in construction contracts.
Activity surge
The anticipated decline in contract awards in 2025 places the UAE in an interesting position.
Although fewer new contracts are being awarded, construction activity across the federation continues to ramp up as contracts from 2023 and 2024 approach peak execution. It is this surge in activity that contributes to the traffic congestion in Mussafah and other industrial areas each morning.
The heightened level of construction activity is having other effects. Developers are now increasingly concerned that there are not enough contractors to deliver their projects. This problem is particularly acute in the tier-one space, where leading international contractors – as well as some prominent local players – have exited the market.
At the same time, developer ambition has grown. In the early stages of the post-Covid recovery, the market was focused almost exclusively on villa projects. Now, buoyed by sustained growth in property prices, heightened competition and a desire to stand out, developers are launching increasingly complex projects. These include tall towers and buildings with non-standard architectural forms that demand high levels of technical expertise to deliver.
Even longstanding developers are feeling the strain. Emaar chairman Mohammed Alabbar was the first to raise the issue publicly, stating in late 2023: “We have problems in Dubai now with execution because the market is going 30% up every year in volume, which we have to handle.”
Delivery solutions
Various solutions are being explored to address this delivery challenge. Some developers are forming framework agreements with a pool of trusted contractors, while others are turning to direct negotiations or issuing limited tenders to only two or three firms.
Some developers have taken matters into their own hands by delivering projects in-house, using their own contracting arms and suppliers. As market pressures intensify, more developers are following suit, setting up their own construction divisions to secure project delivery.
Future outlook
Based on the total value of contract awards so far this year, the market may soon get some respite. Further relief is expected in 2026 as projects awarded in 2023 near completion, followed by the wrap-up of 2024 awards.
If the market cools, some of the delivery challenges experienced over the past two years should ease. While this would bring relief to many, there is lingering concern in the construction sector that Dubai’s market has shown a tendency over the past two decades to swing dramatically from boom to bust. If that pattern repeats, the consequences for the industry could be profound.
Alternatively, 2025 may simply be a pause before activity returns to record levels in 2026. Although some reports have warned of a possible correction in the property market, rising prices continue to support project launches and contract awards.
Should that trend continue, the delivery challenges of 2025 may well become the new normal.
MEED's November 2025 special report on the UAE also includes:
> GOVERNMENT: Public spending ties the UAE closer together
> ECONOMY: UAE growth expansion beats expectations
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Property market risk
Concerns over the state of the real estate market are one area where potentially negative assessments hang over the UAE economy.
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Property prices in the Dubai housing market have surged about 70% above pre‑pandemic levels in recent years, according to Knight Frank and JLL data, contrasting with more gradual recoveries in other sectors.
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Public spending ties the UAE closer together
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On 6 October, Abu Dhabi Executive Council chairman Sheikh Khaled Bin Mohamed Bin Zayed Al-Nahyan toured the almost-complete Zayed National Museum – the latest high-profile addition to the capital’s Saadiyat Cultural District, alongside branches of the Louvre and Guggenheim museums.
The museum is due to officially open its doors in December, with galleries tracing the history of human civilisation and the development of the UAE itself. Mohamed Khalifa Al-Mubarak, chairman of the Abu Dhabi Department of Culture & Tourism, said the museum will “serve as a bridge for dialogue between the UAE and the world” – but the Foster & Partners-designed building, with its cluster of tapered, wing-like towers reaching into the sky, will also play a role in cementing the country’s own self-image.
Infrastructure blitz
Other projects are also helping to tie the seven emirates closer together, including the national rail system. Freight trains have been running across the network since early 2023 and the first passenger trains are due to follow next year. They will be operated by a joint venture between the state-owned Etihad Rail and France’s Keolis, in a deal announced during the Global Rail 2025 exhibition in Abu Dhabi in late September.
There are big ambitions for the new network, with some projections suggesting passenger numbers could reach more than 36 million within four years. The trains will provide a physical connection between the emirates that avoids the often clogged-up roads; officials hope it could lead to greater economic activity too. Azza Alsuwaidi, deputy chief executive of Etihad Rail Mobility, has said the project could contribute some AED145bn ($39bn) to the UAE’s GDP over the next 50 years.
From the capital it will take less than an hour to travel northeast to Dubai and around 70 minutes to go southwest to Ruwais; the journey from Abu Dhabi to Fujairah on the Gulf of Oman cost is expected to take 1 hour 45 minutes. When complete, the network will connect 11 cities in all. The development of a separate high-speed line will cut the journey time between Abu Dhabi and Dubai to just 30 minutes, with trains travelling at up to 350 kilometres an hour.
Freight services continue to be further developed too. There are plans, for example, to create a new ‘bonded rail corridor’ that will link Khalifa Port in Abu Dhabi with Fujairah Terminals and their adjacent free zones.
In a separate effort to improve inter-emirate links, the Ministry of Energy & Infrastructure announced in late September a AED750m, two-year plan to upgrade the Emirates Road, adding extra lanes and bridges to cut the travel time for those driving between Ras Al-Khaimah, Umm Al-Quwain, Sharjah and Dubai.
Economic resilience
Earlier in the month, the Khalifa Fund for Enterprise Development pledged to help 1,000 local entrepreneurs in the next six months, via a national campaign called ‘The Emirates: The Startup Capital of the World’. This was launched on 21 September by federal Prime Minister and Dubai Ruler Sheikh Mohammed Bin Rashid Al-Maktoum.
Such domestic issues provide a welcome contrast to the often-tense regional situation that policymakers and leaders are having to navigate – including the situation in Gaza and the reimposition of United Nations sanctions on Iran in late September.
In the face of such geopolitical headwinds, the UAE economy has proved very resilient. In a statement in early October, the IMF said the country’s GDP expanded by 4% last year and should accelerate to 4.8% this year, well ahead of the global average.
After leading an IMF team on a recent visit to the country, mission chief Said Bakhache said that “expansion in tourism, construction and financial services continues to underpin growth, supported by major infrastructure projects”.
The economy has also been helped by the ongoing rollout of the UAE’s free trade strategy – the Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreements with Australia and Malaysia were the two most recent to come into force, at the start of October.
There are, though, some clouds on the horizon, not least in the real estate sector. Bakhache noted that housing costs represented “the main source of price pressures, raising potential affordability concerns”.
The most recent UBS Global Real Estate Bubble Index placed Dubai fifth in its rankings of cities around the world, rating the city as being at an “elevated risk” of a property bubble after seeing a 50% rise in prices over the past five years.
“Dubai’s bubble risk has surged since 2022 amid an economic boom, leaving the market looking increasingly overheated,” the report said, adding that “incomes are not keeping pace with home prices and affordability has deteriorated”.
Gentrification pivot
This risk aside, the authorities are nevertheless working in other ways to try to make quality of life better. For instance, on 26 September, the Dubai authorities set up a new Civility Committee, which will be responsible for improving the look and feel of the city – part of Sheikh Mohammed Bin Rashid’s aim to make Dubai “the world’s most beautiful and advanced city”.
A few days later, on 29 September, the Abu Dhabi Executive Council took a similar step, when it approved the $11.4bn (AED42bn) next phase of its Liveability Strategy – a policy that aims to improve infrastructure in residential areas, from sports facilities and parks to schools and mosques.
The emirate’s authorities are also planning to build 40,000 homes for locals over the next five years, across Al-Ain, the Al-Dhafra region and Abu Dhabi city itself. Al-Dhafra will also feature on the Etihad Rail passenger network, making it an option for commuters priced out of the bigger cities.
Between these different public outlays, the common thread that emerges is that of the UAE’s desire to project an image of itself as a dependable, clear-visioned nation – one of connectivity, civic diligence and social mobility – in an increasingly uncertain world.
Main image: Construction of the Zayed National Museum in the Saadiyat Cultural District, Abu Dhabi
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